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Chapter One 1. See Frankie Martin and Hailey Woldt, “Frankie and Hailey Go to the Muslim World with the Leading Islamic Scholar ‘Our Favorite Professor,’” Pakistan Link (www.pakistanlink.com/Comunity [May 26, 2006]): “Frequently on the journey we would turn to each other and ask, ‘Is this really happening?’ Only one year ago exactly we had been sitting in an honors lecture class taught by Professor Akbar Ahmed on the ‘Clash or Dialogue of Civilizations’ as virtual strangers, but as the three of us were together in a car in India for hours, hot, hungry, and tired, it seemed like we had been family for ages. . . . In taking this trip, we put our complete trust in Dr. Ahmed, and during the course of our journey he became a father to us, always making sure he knew where we were at all times and sometimes correcting our every move like a ‘father hen’ to make sure we were behaving respectfully so as not to be in harm’s way by inadvertently offending local culture. Along the journey, we got to know our professor so well that Frankie and I would often bet on his next moves. On a PIA flight from Lahore to Delhi, Frankie and I bet on whether or not he would eat his sandwich when he came back from the restroom; as usual, Hailey guessed it right.” 2. Aijaz Qasmi, Jihad and Terrorism, in Urdu (India, 2005). 3. Muslim scholars who followed him, such as Ibn Taymiyya, adapted the saying . See www.mpacuk.org/content/view/2203/34/. 4. Samuel P. Huntington, The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of the World Order (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2003). 5. For an accessible textbook, see Conrad Phillip Kottak, Cultural Anthropology (New York: McGraw-Hill, 2000). 6. Bronislaw Malinowski, Argonauts of the Western Pacific (New York: Dutton, 1961), p. 20. Notes 287 09-0132-3 notes 4/16/07 3:48 PM Page 287 288 Notes to Pages 13–26 7. Clyde Kluckhohn, Mirror for Man: A Survey of Human Behavior and Social Attitudes (Greenwich, Conn.: Fawcett, 1944), p. 9. 8. Clifford Geetz, Islam Observed: Religious Development in Morocco and Indonesia (University of Chicago Press, 1968); Ernest Gellner, Muslim Society (Cambridge University Press, 1981). 9. See www.pewglobal.org. 10. See, for example, David Ray Griffin, The New Pearl Harbor: Disturbing Questions about the Bush Administration and 9/11 (Northampton, Mass.: Interlink, 2004); and Griffin, Christian Faith and the Truth behind 9/11: A Call to Reflection and Action (Louisville, Ky.: Westminster John Knox Press, 2006). 11. Jonathan Sacks, The Dignity of Difference: How to Avoid the Clash of Civilizations (London: Continuum, 2002). 12. Karen Armstrong, The Battle for God: Fundamentalism in Judaism, Christianity and Islam (London: HarperCollins, 2000). 13. Akbar S. Ahmed, Islam under Siege: Living Dangerously in a Post-Honor World (Cambridge, U.K.: Polity, 2003). 14. Jonathan Hayden, “The Challenge of the Moderates” (www.beliefnet.com [April 24, 2006]). 15. See Hailey Woldt, “A Young American in the Muslim World” (www.beliefnet.com [April 12, 2006]); Martin and Woldt, “Frankie and Hailey Go to the Muslim World”; Hayden, “The Challenge of the Moderates”; and Amineh Ahmed Hoti, “A Journey to Understanding: Reflections from Indonesia,” Pakistan Link (www.pakistanlink.com/Community [June 9, 2006]). 16. For comments of team members, see Martin and Woldt, “Frankie and Hailey Go to the Muslim World”: “Traveling with Dr. Ahmed opened more doors for us than we ever would have imagined possible, and were very surprised at the warm welcomes we received from everyone we encountered, regardless of their ideologies or political positions. Even those who[m] Americans would deem ‘Islamic extremists ,’ like those traditional and orthodox scholars in Deoband, welcomed us because of our relationship to Professor Ahmed and engaged us in discussions. High-profile politicians we met also greeted Dr. Ahmed with great respect, including President Musharraf, who referred to him as ‘Akbar Sahib,’ a term of high esteem in Pakistan. We were shocked when, after a speech at a hotel in Islamabad, Dr. Ahmed was mobbed by a throng of people wanting to speak to him, as if our favorite professor were some kind of rock star. We began to realize that Dr. Ahmed had a global reach that we were unaware of sitting on campus in Washington, which was integral to connecting us with people across the political spectrum and cultural disparities in such different parts of the world.” 17. Thomas L. Friedman, The Lexus and the...