A Band of Noble Women: Racial Politics in the Women’s Peace Movement

Index

299 Index AAUW (American Association of University Women), 6, 101, 248n10 Addams, Jane: on Birth of a Nation, 112; black soldiers removal petition and, 22–23; on class, 18; disarmament petitions and, 31; Dubois and, 92; on goodwill , 150; Hull House settlement and, 105; ICWPP presidency, 5; NAACP executive committee membership, 16; Newer Ideals of Peace, 9; on SpanishAmerican War, 13; Wilson’s meetings with, 11; Woman’s Peace Party formation and, 5; “Women and Internationalism ,” 10–11; Zurich Women’s Peace Congress of 1919 and, 21 Ades, Bernard, 223, 225 Africa, 3, 74–75, 127–28 African American men: leadership role of, 36, 42, 45, 75–76; manhood of, 148–49, 268n3; New Negro movement and, 36; Philadelphia IEC and, 179; rights of, 39, 45. See also African American soldiers; masculinity African American soldiers: black masculinity and, 37–40; canteen workers and, 42–45; as grave diggers, 47; Houston riots and, 66, 258n90; Hunton and, 41–48; medical care for, 44; Mine Eyes Have Seen on, 58–60; racism and, 41, 68–69, 240; student protests and, 27; Terrell and, 20, 22–23, 24; Two Colored Women with the American Expeditionary Forces on, 41, 42, 43–44, 49, 140, 254n23 African American women: approach to peace work by, 37; in early women’s peace movement, 12–16; as Gold Star Mothers, 254n23; Gordian knot experience of, 36; idealized womanhood for, 39–40; international influence of, 162–65; leadership by, 20–25, 147, 183, 210, 235; marginalization of, 35; personal appearance of, 150; Philadelphia IEC and, 152–56, 159, 162–65, 184; political power for, 163; political subjectivity of, 55–57; recruitment of, 23–24; responsibilities of, 35–36; social and political participation by, 82–83; unique position of, 23–24. See also individual women Africa: The Wonder and the Glory. See Benvenuto Cellini Had No Prejudice Against Bronze: Letters from West Africa (Graves) AFSC (American Friends Service Committee ), 66, 67, 161, 166–67 Aftermath (Burrill), 210, 257n64 Italic page numbers denote illustrations. 300 | Index AIPC (American Interracial Peace Committee ), 66, 67, 261n25, 270n26 Algiers, 76–78 All Friends Congress (1920), 91–92 Alpha Kappa Alpha, 219 Amenia Conference (1916), 40 American Association of University Women (AAUW), 6, 101, 248n10 American Civil Liberties Union, 7 American exceptionalism, 115 American Friends Service Committee (AFSC), 66, 67, 161, 166–67 American Interracial Peace Committee (AIPC), 66, 67, 261n25, 270n26 Americanism movement, 88 American League for Puerto Rican Independence , 101–2 American Mercury, 93 American Negro Labor Congress, 271n45 American Pragmatism, 263n53 Americans All-Immigrants All (CBS Radio), 101 Americo-Liberians, 130, 132, 267n140 Anderson, Blanche, 170, 175, 177, 190 Anderson, Matthew, 170 Anglo-Saxon superiority, 85–86, 87–88, 108–10, 137–38 anthropology, cultural, 99 antilynching crusade, 49, 52, 65–66, 240. See also lynching Anti-Lynching Crusaders, 52, 66 antilynching legislation, 182, 215–16, 217–18, 226, 274n107 antiprejudice education, 89–90, 91, 94–97, 100 aprons, 77, 78, 81 arbitration, international, 105 Armstrong, Samuel C., 153–54 Armstrong Association, 153–54, 155, 159, 269n21 Armwood, George, 208, 214, 220–21, 223–26 artists, 37, 96, 253n9 Asian immigrants, 108, 240 “As in a Looking Glass” (Dunbar-Nelson ), 69 assimilation, 110 Associated Negro Press, 150, 177 Atlanta riots (1906), 15 Attucks, Crispus, 69 Atwood, Charlotte, 54, 116, 139, 160, 256n55 Auto Peace Caravan, 93 Baber, Zonia, 139; Graves and, 121; on Liberia, 213; on militants, 160, 161; Philadelphia IEC and, 188, 189; Washington , DC, IEC and, 218–19 Balch, Emily Greene, 103–19; American Pragmatism and, 263n53; on art of living, 243; aspirations of, 137, 138; on Birth of a Nation, 112–13; on class, 18; on colonialism, 135–36; on consent and cooperation, 238; early life of, 106; on foreign policy, 103–4, 115, 118–19; Graves and, 121, 127, 129–36, 267n144; Haiti mission and, xi–xii, 104, 114–19, 139; on immigration, 104, 106–11, 119; on imperialism, 103–4, 129, 135–36; on international community building, 105, 106; Junior International League and, 172; Liberia and, 104, 121, 127, 129–37, 213, 267n144; motto of, 105; on nationalism , 106, 113–14; Occupied Haiti, 55; Our Slavic Fellow Citizens, 104, 106–11; Philadelphia IEC speech by, 176; on race, 87, 88–89, 104–5; “Racial Contacts and Cohesion,” 29; on racism, Index | 301 28–29, 84; on scientific racism, 137; on Terrell, 24; on transnationalism, 10; Washington, DC, IEC and, 213; Wellesley College career, 106, 263n56...