Back Channel Negotiation: Secrecy in the Middle East Peace Process

Index

343 Index Abbas, Mahmoud (Abu Mazen), 37, 50, 64, 69, 74–75, 88–116, 211–22, 250; 1998 secret BCN, 166; 2003 Road Map Plan, 255; Beilin-Abu Mazen Framework agreement, 152–55, 195–96, 210, 256, 270; contacts with Likud Party, 85; facilitating progress in Oslo, 118; interim negotiations , 137–45, 171–82; Joint Liaison Committee (JLC), 139; Peres-Qurei Peace Initiative, 250; president of PNA, 258; prime minister of PNA, 256 Abd Rabbuh, Yasir, 102, 113, 139, 187, 211, 214–17; Geneva Accord, 256 Abdullah, Prince (Abdullah bin Abdulaziz al-Saud), 251 Abu Libdeh, Hassan, 146, 179, 187 Abu Nidal, 116, 131 Abu Zayyad, Ziyad, 184 Agha, Hussein, 154 Alaa, Abu. See Qurei, Ahmed Al-Aqsa Intifada (Intifada II), 235–36; ceasefire summit at Sharm el-Sheikh, 236; Mitchell Committee (Sharm al-Sheikh Fact-Finding Committee), 246; Tenet Plan, 248 Al-Aqsa Mosque, 166 Al-Asad, Hafez, 100, 212, 219 Albright, Madeleine, 166–67, 190, 205–8, 221–23, 247; Ceasefire Summit at Sharm el-Sheikh, 236–37; intermediary role during Camp David, 232; Sharm elSheikh Memorandum (Wye II), 208 Allon, Yigal, 151 “Allon plus,” 164 al-Nakba protests (2000), 217 Amirav, Moshe, 39, 82 Annan, Kofi, 253 Arab League, 24, 49, 129, 252, 260 Arab Rebellion (1936–39), 40 Arafat, Yasir (Abu Ammar): accept U.S. conditions for dialogue, 44; alliance with Iraq, 49–50; Al-Nakba protests, 217; assume leadership of PNA, 143; blame for Camp David’s failure, 231–33; Bush calls for removal from power, 236; channel shopping, 180; “Clinton ideas,” 240–42; death, 201, 258; declaration of statehood, 45, 173; exchange of letters with Rabin, 99, 104; letter of assurances from President Clinton, 172, 202; Nobel Peace Prize, 146; outreach for formal back channel, 66; presidential compound besieged (Operation Defensive Shield), 201; “secret kitchen” talks, 32, 36; summit in Erez (1999), 205; talks with rejectionists, 163; Washington track, 64–65 Arens, Moshe, 38 Asfour, Hassan: BCN during Taba talks (1993), 138; Camp David, 231; interim agreement BCN, 146, 177–78, 187; Oslo 344 Index Asfour, Hassan (cont.) channel, 89, 101–2, 122; Washington track, 61, 64, 75 Ashrawi, Hanan, 37, 69, 73, 79, 91, 184; origin of Oslo channel, 87–88, 112; Palestinian backtracking, 73; Palestinian call for U.S. involvement, 72; Palestinian delegation spokesperson, 60–61; quasi back channel, 74–75 Ayyash, Yihye, 152 Baker, James, 47; Madrid Peace Conference, 52, 54, 169; “minimalist” conference approach, 60; settlements, 49, 72; shuttle diplomacy, 50, 84 Barak, Ehud: 1999 elections, 202–3; call for U.S.-hosted summit, 218–20; Camp David (2000), 224–33; ceasefire summit at Sharm el-Sheikh, 236; “Clinton ideas” (2000), 240–42; Clinton parameters (2000), 239; reservations to Oslo, 103; Sharm el-Sheikh Memorandum (Wye II), 208–10; summits in Erez (1999), 205; Syria-Israel negotiations, 212; three-front peace initiative, 205; village transfer (2000), 213–14 Bassiouni, Muhammed, 206–7 el-Baz, Osama, 207 Begin, Binyamin, 173 Begin, Menachem, 25, 41, 48, 55 Beilin, Yossi: creation of Oslo channel, 81–87; Economic Cooperation Foundation (ECF), 84, 153–54; Geneva Accord, 256; legitimization of Oslo process, 91; Mashov Caucus, 82–84; minister of justice, 203; Peres-Hussein London agreement , 39, 86; proximity talks (1989), 83; publicity at interim agreement negotiations , 181; quasi-mediator role to restart talks, 163; sidelined from interim agreement , 184; Stockholm channel, 153–56, 176, 181, 191, 195–96 Beilin-Abu Mazen Framework agreement, 155, 195–96, 210, 256, 270 Ben-Ami, Shlomo: BCN at Camp David summit , 229–30; BCN following Camp David summit, 234; FAPS back channel, 215–16; negotiations at Andrew Air Force Base, 221; Sharon’s visit to Haram al-Sharif, 235; “sixteen assumptions,” 222 Berger, Sandy, 221, 223, 231 Bernadotte, Count Folke, 54 Black September, 34 Bloomberg, Michael, 276 Bolling Air Force Base Negotiations, 215, 221, 238–39 British Mandate, 12, 40 Bunche, Ralph S., 60 Burns, William, 249 Bush, George H. W.: election (1988), 47; mutually accepted mediator, 78; Persian Gulf War, 50; settlement freeze, 49, 67, 71–72 Bush, George W., 201; call to remove Arafat from power, 252; crisis management initiatives, 245 Cairo Agreement (1994), 140 Camp David Accords: Egypt-Israel (1977), 26, 41, 47, 102; Palestinian autonomy, 33, 48, 53, 108 Camp David summit (2000), 199; Arafat blamed 231–33; back channel within summit, 229; Jerusalem, 225–26, 228–32; right of return (refugees), 225–28; second Clinton proposal, 231; security issues, 227; territorial issue, 226–29; U.S. “nonpaper ” (first U.S. proposal), 226 Carter, Jimmy...