In the Shadow of the Greatest Generation: The Americans Who Fought the Korean War

Notes

>> 227 Notes Abbreviations Bradley Commission U.S. President’s Commission on Veterans’ Pensions Carlisle Barracks U.S. Army Military History Institute, Carlisle Barracks, Pennsylvania CFSOKW Center for the Study of the Korean War, Graceland University, Independence, Missouri DDE Library Dwight David Eisenhower Library, Abilene, Kansas KWE Korean War Educator website at http://www.koreanwareducator .org MOHP Mississippi Oral History Program, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi NA National Archives, Washington, DC, and College Park, Maryland Taft Papers, LOC Papers of Robert A. Taft Sr., Library of Congress VHPC, AFC, LOC Veterans History Project Collection, American Folklife Center, Library of Congress WVHP, OHC, UNCG Women Veterans Historical Project, Oral History Collection, University of North Carolina at Greensboro Preface 1. M*A*S*H aired from 17 September 1972 to 28 February 1983 on CBS. 2. M*A*S*H, “Der Tag,” written by Everett Greenbaum and Jim Fritzell and directed by Gene Reynolds, first broadcast 6 January 1975. 3. Max Klinger in M*A*S*H, “The Interview,” written and directed by Larry Gelbart, first broadcast 24 February 1976. Introduction 1. There are 6.8 million Korean War–era veterans, but only 1,789,000 of those served in theater. Tom Heuertz, “The Korean War + 50: No Longer Forgotten, Teaching Resources,” Box FF “A.0957-A.0986,” Folder A. 0974, Center for the Study of the Korean War, Graceland University, Independence, MO (hereafter CFSOKW) and “Section XI: Mortality and Combat Service,” “Section 11,” 1, U.S. President’s Commission on Veterans’ Pensions (Bradley Commission): Records, 1954-58, A 69-22 and 79-6, Box 61, Dwight David Eisenhower Library, Abilene, Kansas (hereafter Bradley Commission and DDE Library). 2. John E. Wiltze, “The Korean War and American Society,” Wilson Quarterly 2 (Summer 1978): 131. 3. Robert Henderson, Korean War Veteran Survey, 9, CFSOKW. 4. Two demonstrate the discrepancy in number and quality between movies about World War II and movies about the Korean War. Larry Langman and Ed Borg’s exhaustive compilation of films produced from the 1940s through the late 1980s devotes ten times as 228 > 229 Comes to Main Street: America in 1950 (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1999), chapter 1. 7. In their memoirs and interviews, Korean War veterans commonly mention their own efforts during World War II. See Richard Bevier, “Nearly Everyone Should Write a Book,” account attached by the author to Korean War Veteran Survey, 3, CFSOKW; Professor Charles Marx, Oral History by Dr. Orley B. Caudill, 28 October 1976, Volume 185 (1981), transcript, Mississippi Oral History Program, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg , Mississippi (hereafter MOHP), 3; Glen Schroeder, Memoir (KWE), 1; and Ralph David Fly, Memoir (KWE), 2. 8. See Martin Markley, Memoir (KWE), 2. 9. Writing about children from 1932 to 1945, William M. Tuttle Jr. emphasizes that a major effect of the Second World War on kids was increased burdens falling on them due to the absence of fathers and older siblings. Tuttle, “Daddy’s Gone to War”: The Second World War in the Lives of America’s Children (New York: Oxford University Press, 1993), 241. 10. Jack Orth in Henry Berry, Hey, Mac, Where Ya Been? Living Memories of the U.S. Marines in the Korean War (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1988), 282. 11. James Ryan, “The Chit,” 1, an unpublished piece included by the author with Korean War Veteran Survey, CFSOKW. 12. Public Relations Coordinator, Defense Advisory Committee on Women in the Services, Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense, “Policy Guide for Women in the Armed Services Information Program 1953 U.S. Army, U.S. Navy, U.S. Air Force, U.S. Marine Corps,” 8, Staff Files, Files of the Special Assistant Relating to the Office of Coordinator of Government Public Service Advertising, Women in the Services—Correspondence 195253 , Box 9, folder “Women in the Service (Policy Material),” DDE Library. 13. Grace S. Alexander, Interview by Hermann J. Trojanowski, 20 January 1999, Women Veterans Historical Project, Oral History Collection, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 10-11 (hereafter WVHP, OHC, UNCG). 14. Margaret S. Jacob, Korean War Veteran Survey, 3, CFSOKW. 15. Charles F. Cole, Korea Remembered: Enough of a War; The USS Ozbourn’s First Korean Tour, 1950-1951 (Las Cruces, NM: Yucca Tree Press, 1995), 20. 16. George Q. Flynn, The Draft, 1940-1973 (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1993), 7. 17. Black leaders like A. Philip Randolph refused to support Universal Military Training because it would require African Americans to serve in a segregated Army. Paul...