Racial Innocence: Performing American Childhood from Slavery to Civil Rights

Index

295 Index alphabet books, 34, 74–78, 76, 80 Alryyes, Ala, 247n15 Althusser, Louis, 77, 264n36 American Girl’s Book, The (Leslie), 201–3 American Slavery As It Is (Weld), 103 Ammons, Elizabeth, 56–58 Anderson, Benedict, 153 angels, 4, 33, 39, 47–48, 57–60, 65–68, 108 arbor scene, 5, 7, 9, 10, 15, 20, 93, 95–97, 96, 98, 105–12, 107, 111, 118–19, 121, 123–25, 124, 270n52, 271n59. See also Billings, Hammatt; Jewett, John P. Ariès, Philippe, 36, 246n11 Austin, J. L., 74, 263n23 Bailey, Gamaliel, 101, 102 Bardwell, Keith, 1–2, 247n20 Barnum, P. T., 115, 272n70 Barr, Amelia, 222 Barthes, Roland, 72–73 Baum, L. Frank, 18, 66, 142, 144, 149, 159– 66, 169, 172, 182–83, 218; and slavery, 282n88 bedrooms, children’s, 38–39, 89, 90, 94–95, 152–53, 156–57, 175, 179, 182, 185–86, 233 Beecher, Julia Jones, 156 Beloved Belindy (character), 150, 160, 174–75, 183, 187–88, 233–34 Benjamin, Jessica, 102 Bergner, Gwen, 197 Berlant, Lauren, 15, 50, 258n90, 271n60 Bible, 95, 98, 106, 108, 118, 121, 123 Billings, Hammatt, 13, 15, 106, 115–19, 116, 117; arbor scene, 5, 7, 9–10, 15, 20, 93, 95–97, 98, 105–12, 107, 111, 114, Italics indicate an illustration. Abbott, Jacob, 33 abolitionism, 6, 17, 25, 43, 50–51, 58–63, 103–5, 114, 133–41, 260n126. See also pain absorption, 112, 139, 219 acting, 25–28. See also dolls and theater; performance; theater; Uncle Tom’s Cabin in theater adolescence, 27, 52 advertising, 5, 9, 16, 30, 31, 33, 52, 54, 64, 74, 87, 97, 99, 105–6, 107, 112, 114, 11517 , 116, 118, 151, 153, 169, 188, 221–22, 252n1, 280n56. See also Gold Dust Twins; Jewett, John P. affect, 10–11, 15, 101, 219, 232–34. See also tears Africa, 43, 195, 196, 226, 227 African American children. See Bluest Eye, The (Morrison); children, individual; Clark doll tests; Douglass, Frederick; Frado (character); Turner, Daisy. See also under boys and boyhood; girls and girlhood African American youth and category of childhood, 16, 33–36, 43, 45, 48, 55, 60–61, 66–67, 196, 223–26, 225. See also boys and boyhood; girls and girlhood; pickaninny (racist figure); Topsy (character) agency, 8, 12, 14, 17, 25, 29, 63, 73–74, 79, 81, 85–86, 102, 114, 152, 182–84, 211– 12, 240, 293n144. See also resistance Aiken, George L., 12, 15, 49–51, 114, 115, 118–21 Aldrich, Thomas Bailey, 33 Alexander, Robert, 12 296 Index 118–19, 121, 123, 124, 125, 132, 270n52, 271n55–57 and 59; “conversion scene,” 46, 66. See also Uncle Tom’s Cabin and material culture; Uncle Tom’s Cabin as an archive of repertoires; Uncle Tom’s Cabin in literature Birch, Reginald B., 70 birth, 23, 37–38, 57, 81, 83, 89, 290n99 Birth of a Nation (1915), 13 black children. See African American youth and category of childhood; boys and boyhood; girls and girlhood black dolls, 18, 52, 82, 158, 160, 180, 194– 243, 284n3, 285n23, 286n27; beauty and, 228–30; collections and, 203, 231; “corkless blackface” and, 212–16; crafts and, 82, 201–3, 202, 206–7; families and, 203, 231–33; hanging of, 208–11, 213, 224–25; history of, 196, 201–12; homemade, 201–4, 202, 206–7, 215; insensateness of, 196, 207, 210, 216–22; likened to African American children, 216–22, 217, 218, 220, 227, 240; literature and, 204–5, 208–9, 212–14, 217–19, 218, 223–26, 225, 232–33; mammies and, 156–57, 174, 180; material culture and, 69–71; New Negro Movement and, 196, 228–35; rejection of, 21, 176–79, 194– 201, 224, 226–30, 236–39; as scriptive things, 196, 199–212, 221–23, 227–28, 232–35, 237–39, 240–41; servitude and, 179, 182, 183, 187, 201–7, 202, 212–13; slavery and, 18, 222–28; theater and, 194–96, 210, 212–14, 216, 217, 220; violence and, 70–71, 196, 206–12, 213, 216–22, 220; whippings of, 69–71, 70, 209; white children’s fondness for, 209, 287n43; white children’s play with, 201– 16. See also Beloved Belindy (character); Clark doll tests; Dinah; dolls and material culture; dolls and play; dolls and theater; dolls in literature; girls and girlhood; Golliwogg (racist figure); National Negro Doll Company; topsyturvy dolls. See also under Topsy (character) black-and-whiteness, 18, 21, 146–93, esp. 168, 174, 179, 181. See also blackface; minstrelsy; racial...