Against All Odds: The Struggle for Racial Integration in Religious Organizations

Index

Acceptance, feeling of, 85–87, 90 Adaptation, 3 African Americans: worship and preaching styles, 24–26; friendship networks of, 64, 115–117 Anderson, 62; businesses in, 62; racial compositions of, 62; socioeconomic composition of, 62 Animists(s), 38 Apartment(s), 49 Assimilation, 2, 3 Baptist(s), 36, 38 Belonging, 14–24, 33, 151–161 Benefits, of diversity, 13–14, 32–33, 35, 89–90, 157, 178–181 Black Pentecostal churches, 42 Brookside, 7, 80–103, 124 Buddhists, 38 Bulletin, 38 Budget, 36, 54 Case studies, 4, 5 Case summary (Table 1.1), 7 Catholic(s), 6, 38 Church culture (of Crosstown), 63, 78; friendliness and warmth, 63, 78 Choices, 4 Christ in Action, 7, 104–108, 111–115; Asian attenders of, 111–115; member participation of, 107–108; racial composition of, 106; and Reach, 107 Civil society, 3 Cliques, 15–24, 52, 112–113 Color-blind ideal, 139–141, 149, 175–176 Community service, 85 Congregations, 3 Contact theory, 156 Core members, 55 Costs, of diversity, 157, 159 Crosstown Community Church, 7, 58–79; history of, 50–60; racial composition of, 60; and racial transition, 58; religious affiliation of, 58, 59, 60; socioeconomic composition of, 60 Cultural differences, 159–160, 174 Decreasing stack method, 5 Desegregation, 2, 3 Dialogues, about racial issues, 29–31, 176–177 Diversity, 4, 6, 13–14, 32–33, 35, 38, 41, 50, 51–56, 59, 65–68, 89–90, 117–118, 145–147, 157, 178–181; African American views on, 66, 118; Asian views on, 117, 118; white views on, 66–67, 118 Index 193 Division, in Crosstown Community Church, 59–60 Durkheim, Emile, 174 Dutch immigrants, 81–82 Emmanuel Bible College, 7, 126–150 Equipment, 54 Evangelical(s): and Crosstown Community Church, 59; colleges, 127; subculture of, 138–143 Evangelism, 109, 110 Ethnocentrism, religion and, 33–35, 148, 173–175 Exclusion/excluded, 14–24, 43, 87–89, 133–135, 151–161 Exit interviews, 48 External socioeconomic structures, 161–173 Filipino churches, 10–11 Filipinos, 10; expressing conflict, 22; social relationships, 15–24; time and, 26–28 “First-timers,” 38 Foreign-born. See Immigration/immigrants Friendship networks, 1, 14–24, 43, 45–48, 52, 64–66, 87–89, 109–114, 116–117, 123–125, 133–135, 151–161; of African Americans, 64, 115–117; of Asians, 112–113, 123; of Christ in Action attenders, 110–112, 114; of Crosstown attenders, 64–65; interracial , 66, 76, 78; of Reach attenders , 116–117; same-race, 64, 125; of whites, 64 Fundamentalism, Bible colleges and, 128 Germany, 42 Group size, 48 Hispanics, language issues, 91–93 Home, feeling of, 85–87 Homogeneous churches and religious groups, 4, 13–14 Houston, 7, 36, 40, 49, 50 Immigration/immigrants, 3, 37, 38, 39, 41, 44, 46, 52, 55–57, 132 Individualism, 131, 136, 140–141, 148 Integration, 2, 3, 4 Interracial, 58, 66–67, 76, 78; families , 11–12, 42, 45, 66–67, 78, 154, 165–166; friendships, 76, 78 Isolation, social, 14–24, 43, 133–135, 149 Koreans, 129–130 Language, 91–93 Leaders, of Crosstown Community Church, 58, 60 Leaving (neighborhoods).SeeMove/ing (fromandtoneighborhoods) Los Angeles, racial composition, 10, 81–82 Love, atmosphere of, 85–87, 90, 102 Majority group, 33, 59, 64, 79, 149, 154, 156; African Americans as, 59, 64 Mapleton, 61–62; businesses in, 61; and community activists, 62; racial composition of, 61–62; and racial diversity programs, 61; socioeconomic composition of, 61 Marriages, interracial, 11–12, 42, 45, 66–67,78, 154, 165–166 Messiah Fellowship, 7, 8, 9–35, 36, 39, 45, 52, 56, 64–65, 77, 79 Minority group, 59, 64, 79; at Messiah , 64; social isolation of, 33, 194 | Index 149, 156; turnover of, 154; whites as, 59, 79 Mission statements, 61, 105, 109; of Christ in Action, 105, 109; of Crosstown, 61 Mobility, 155–156 Move/ing (fromandtoneighborhoods), 48, 49–51, 55 Multiculturalism, 143–144, 176–178 Music. See Worship Neighborhood, 37, 42, 49, 50, 58–59, 61, 68, 76; composition, 162–165; racial transition, 58–76; white flight, 61, 68 Networks, 3 Niche edge effect, 153 Niche overlap effect, 153 Numerical minorities: social isolation of, 33, 149, 156; turnover of, 154 Offensive remarks, 132 Oil bust, in Houston, 36 Oppression, 52 Organization, structure of, 28–29, 31–32, 159–160 Organizational dynamics, 151–161 Outside members. See Peripheral members Pentecostal(s), 129 Peripheral members, 55 Physical plant, 36 Pluralism, 2, 3 Population ecology, 166...