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>> 253 Notes Introduction 1. On the reaction to the conversation, see David Vest, “They Don’t Know How I Really Feel: Billy Graham, Tangled Up in Tape,” Counter Punch, March 5, 2002, www.counterpunch.org/vestgraham.html. 2. Billy Graham, Just As I Am: The Autobiography of Billy Graham (New York: Harper Collins, 1997), esp. 353–55. 3. “Billy Graham and the Jews,” n.d., www.beliefnet.com/story/102/story_10204_1. html. 4. On William E. Riley and his attitude toward Jews, see Yaakov Ariel, Evangelizing the Chosen People: Missions to the Jews in America, 1880–2000 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2000), 111–12, 118–19, 188–89; William V. Trollinger, God’s Empire: William Bell Riley and Midwestern Fundamentalism (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1990). 5. “A Statement by Evangelist Billy Graham on Intolerance and Prejudice following Release of Nixon White House Tapes,” March 16, 2002, http:///jmm.aaa.net.au/ articles/175.htm. 6. Ariel, Evangelizing the Chosen People. 7. On the large variety of evangelical expressions at the turn of the twenty-first century, see Randall Balmer, Mine Eyes Have Seen the Glory (New York: Oxford University Press, 1987). 8. Kevin Roose, The Unlikely Disciple: A Sinner’s Semester at America’s Holiest University (New York: Hachette Book Group, 2009). 9. See Mark Noll, American Evangelical Christianity: An Introduction (Oxford: Blackwell, 2000), 56–66. 10. Byron Johnson and Nancy Isserman, eds., Uneasy Allies: Evangelical and Jewish Relations (Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2007), esp. 19–48, 103–54; Mark Silk, “The Protestant Problem(s) of American Jewry,” Studies in Contemporary Jewry 24 (2010): 126–40. 11. Jackie Feldman, “Constructing a Shared Bible Land: Jewish Israeli Guiding Performances for Protestant Pilgrims,” American Ethnologist 34 (2007): 349–72. 12. See, e.g., Motti Inbari, Jewish Fundamentalism and the Temple Mount (Albany: State of New York University Press, 2009), 89–94. 254 > 255 27. Weber, On the Road; Sizer, Christian Zionism. 28. Shoshanah Feher, Passing over Easter: Constructing the Boundaries of Messianic Judaism (Walnut Creek, CA: AltaMira, 1998); Carol Harris-Shapiro, Messianic Judaism (Boston: Beacon Press, 1999); Gershon Nerel, “Messianic Jews in Eretz Israel, 1917-1967” (PhD diss., Hebrew University, 1996); Yiddish Culture in Britain : A Guide (Frankfurt: Peter Lang, 1990); Jorge Quiñónez, “Paul Philip Levertoff : Pioneering Hebrew-Christian Scholar and Leader,” Mishkun 37 (2002):21-34. 29. See Billy Graham, World Aflame (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1965), and Hal Lindsey, The Late Great Planet Earth (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 1970), both best sellers, one in the 1960s and the other in the 1970s. 30. Lynn Neal, Romancing God: Evangelical Women and Inspirational Fiction (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2007). 1. The Roots and Early Beginnings of the Evangelical-Jewish Relationship 1. Luther removed the Jewish Apocrypha on the basis that they were noncanonical, with the exception of the book of Judith, which he included in his collection but not as a canonical reading. The book would disappear from Protestant Bibles later on. 2. See Ronald H. Bainton’s classical study Here I Stand! A Life of Martin Luther (New York: Signet, 1950). 3. Jeremy Cohen, Living Letters of the Law: Ideas of the Jew in Medieval Christianity (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1999); Kenneth Stow, Jewish Dogs: An Image and Its Interpreters (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2006). 4. Luther’s complicated and changing attitudes toward the Jews have received much scholarly attention. For an updated comprehensive study of the subject, see Thomas Kaufmann, “Luther and the Jews,” in Jews, Judaism, and the Reformation in Sixteenth-Century Germany, ed. Dean Phillip Bell and Stephen G. Burnett (Leiden: Brill, 2006), 69–104; see also Peter von der Osten-Sacken, Martin Luther and die Juden (Stuttgart: Kohlhammer, 2002). 5. Joy Kammerling, “Andreas Osiander’s Sermons on the Jews,” in Bell and Burnett, Jews, Judaism. 6. See G. Sujin Pak, The Judaizing Calvin: Sixteenth-Century Debates over the Messianic Psalms (New York: Oxford University Press, 2010). 7. See John Calvin’s major theological tract, Institutes of the Christian Religion, ed. John T. McNeill, 2 vols. (London: S.C.M. Press, 1961); William J. Bouwsma, John Calvin: A Sixteenth-Century Portrait (New York: Oxford University Press, 1988). 8. Calvin, Institutes 2.30. 9. Salo Wittmayer Baron, “John Calvin and the Jews,” in Harry Austryn Wolfson Jubilee Volume, ed. Saul Lieberman (Jerusalem: American Academy for Jewish Research, 1965), 2:141–63. 10. See Calvin’s commentary to Matt. 27:25. 11. See Myriam Yardeni, Huguenots and Jews (Jerusalem: Zalman Shazar...

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