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>> 209 Notes Introduction 1. For a discussion of this and other incidents of anti-integrationist violence in Chicago in the late 1950s, see Amanda I. Seligman, Block by Block: Neighborhoods and Public Policy on Chicago’s West Side (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2005), 167. 2. Niraj Warikoo, “Two Men Schemed to Drive Black Family out of Home, Indictment Says,” Detroit Free Press, January 12, 2006. 3. Jack Levin and Jack McDevitt, Hate Crimes: The Rising Tide of Bigotry and Bloodshed (New York: Plenum, 1993), 246. 4. John R. Logan and Brian J. Stults, “The Persistence of Segregation in the Metropolis: New Findings from the 2010 Census,” Census Brief prepared for Project US2010, http:www.s4.brown.edu/us2010. 5. Howard Shuman et al., Racial Attitudes in America: Trends and Interpretations (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1997), xi. 6. Logan and Stults, “The Persistence of Segregation.” 7. Ibid. 8. Camille Charles, “The Dynamics of Residential Racial Segregation,” Annual Review of Sociology 29 (2003): 167–207. 9. Thomas J. Sugrue, The Origins of the Urban Crisis: Race and Inequality in Postwar Detroit (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996), 195. 10. Stephen Grant Meyer, As Long as They Don’t Move Next Door: Segregation and Racial Conflict in American Neighborhoods (Lanham, MD: Roman and Littlefield, 2000), 6. 11. Johnson v. United States, 333 U.S. 10 (1948). 12. Payton v. New York, 445 U.S. 573 (1980); United States v. Karo, 468 U.S. 705 (1984); Kyllo v. United States, 533 U.S. 27 (2001). 13. Stanley v. Georgia, 394 U.S. 557 (1969). 14. Federal Bureau of Investigation, Criminal Justice Information Services Division, Table 1: Incidents, Offenses, Victims, and Known Offenders by Bias Motivation (2010), accessed October 15, 2012, http://www.fbi.gov/about-us/cjis/ucr/ 210 > 211 21. Joe William Trotter Jr., Black Milwaukee: The Making of an Industrial Proletariat, 1915–45 (Champaign: University of Illinois Press, 1985), 23. 22. Ibid. 23. Allan H. Spear, Black Chicago: The Making of a Negro Ghetto, 1890–1920 (Chicago : University of Chicago Press, 1967), maps 1–4. 24. San Francisco’s racial zoning ordinance is described in In re Lee Sing, 43 Fed. 359 (N.D. CA 1890). 25. A. Leon Higginbotham, Shades of Freedom: Racial Politics and Presumptions of the American Electoral Process (New York: Oxford University Press, 1996), 120. 26. Ibid., 121. 27. Garrett Power, “Apartheid Baltimore Style: Residential Segregation Ordinances of 1910–1913,” Maryland Law Review 42 (1982): 298. 28. Ibid., 310. 29. Buchanan v. Warley, 425 U.S. 60, 69 (1917). 30. Ibid., 20. 31. Meyer, As Long as They Don’t Move Next Door, 105. 32. 245 U.S. 60, 82 (1917). 33. Leonard S. Rubinowitz and Kathryn Shelton, “Nonviolent Direct Action and the Legislative Process: The Chicago Freedom Movement and the Federal Fair Housing Act,” Indiana Law Review 41 (2008): 674–75. 34. Harold X. Connolly, A Ghetto Grows in Brooklyn (New York: New York University Press, 1977), 21–22. 35. Becky M. Nicolaides, My Blue Heaven: Life and Politics in the Working-Class Suburbs of Los Angeles, 1920–1965 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2002), 156. 36. Ibid. 37. Douglas Henry Daniels, Pioneer Urbanites: A Social and Cultural History of Black San Francisco (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1991), 76. 38. Ibid., 99. 39. Charles Spurgeon Johnson, The Negro War Worker in San Francisco: A Local SelfSurvey (American Missionary Association and Julius Rosenwald Fund, 1944), 3. 40. Ibid. 41. Meyer, As Long as They Don’t Move Next Door, 16. 42. Ibid. 43. Ibid. 44. Philip A. Clinker and Rogers M. Smith, The Unsteady March: The Rise and Decline of Racial Equality in America (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1999), 115. 45. Ibid. 46. Ibid. 47. Ibid. 48. Nicolaides, My Blue Heaven, 156. 49. Power, “Apartheid Baltimore Style,” 289, 295. 212 > 213 83. Ibid., 53. 84. Rudy Pearson, “A Menace to the Neighborhood: Housing and African-Americans in Portland, 1941 to 1945,” Oregon Historical Quarterly 102, no. 2 (Summer 2001): 158–79, 160. 85. Ibid. 86. Ibid. 87. Ibid. 88. Ibid., 166. 89. Ibid., 171. 90. Ibid., 173. 91. Freund, Colored Property, 179. 92. Scott Kurashige, The Shifting Grounds of Race: Black and Japanese Americans in the Making of Multiethnic Los Angeles (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2008), 161. 93. Celia Rasmussen, “L.A. Then and Now: Dream Home Came with Racial Restrictions,” Los Angeles Times, November 11, 2007. 94. Ibid. 95. Meyer, As Long as They Don’t Move Next Door, 31. The cases included Corrigan v...

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