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7 7 The Dedication of This Elegantly Eloquent Book Praise Be to God It being the custom of Frankish authors to dedicate their works to those distinguished in their day by virtues and praiseworthy qualities and of whom great achievements are reported regarding the patronage of scholarship and its servants, I have decided here to follow their example by dedicating this elegantly eloquent book to the esteemed and honorable Khawājā Buṭrus Yūsuf Ḥawwā,1 of London, for he is well known in this age of ours for all the commendable merits with which the eulogist adorns his songs and the author his words, while he is now also head of that house2 so long celebrated for its pedigree, pride, and elevated status. Many a time has he assisted in the attainment of virtuous qualities and provided those of his race, and others, with the means to obtain their highest hopes and realize their most distant goals, so that they leave him uttering praise, grateful to him for his generous ways. Moreover, albeit his standing exceeds what little may be contained in summary form in this book, it is nevertheless fitting that the latter be dedicated to him in sum. We ask that he accept it, take it under his wing, promote it, and grant it his approval, for whatever is unworthy regains, through appurtenance to him, its worth, and all that is incomplete is made whole. From Fāris al-Shidyāq Who Prays for His Honorable Person 0.1 8 8 ‫ف‬ ��‫ل‬� � ‫و‬�‫م‬ ‫�ل‬ � ‫ا‬ ‫�ن‬‫م‬� ‫ه‬�‫�ي‬ ‫ب‬ �‫ن‬ ��‫ت‬ �� ‫ا‬ ‫�ذ‬ �‫�ه‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫�ف‬ � � ‫ه‬�‫ت‬ �‫ع‬ � ‫د‬‫و‬�� ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬�‫م‬� ‫ع‬ �‫ي‬ �‫�م‬‫�ج‬ � ‫ن‬ �‫ا‬� ‫ف‬ � � � ‫ع�د‬ � ‫ب‬ ��‫و‬�� ‫د‬‫ا‬�‫ش‬ ���‫ر‬‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬ ‫م‬�‫ه‬ � ‫ل‬��‫م‬ ‫�ل‬ � ‫ا‬‫و‬�� ‫د‬‫ا‬‫ل��س�د‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬ ‫ق‬ � � ّ‫�ف‬ � �‫و‬�‫م‬ ‫�ل‬ � ‫ا‬ ‫ه‬‫لل‬ ‫د‬�� ‫م‬�‫ح‬ � ‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬ ‫ت‬ �‫ح‬ � ‫ت‬ � ‫�ج‬ �‫ر‬‫�د‬‫ي�ن‬ � ‫�ف‬ � � ‫ا‬�‫ه‬�‫ر‬‫د‬‫ا‬‫و‬� ‫ن‬ ��‫و‬�� ‫ة‬ ��‫غ‬ � �‫ل‬��‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ �‫ئ‬��‫ا‬‫ر‬ ‫�غ‬ � ‫�ز‬ ‫ا‬‫بر‬ �‫ا‬ ‫ا‬�‫م‬�‫ه‬�‫د‬��‫ح‬ �‫ا‬ ‫�ي�ن‬ ‫ر‬‫م‬�‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ل‬��‫ع‬ � ّ ‫ى‬ � ‫ن‬�‫ب‬ �‫م‬�‫و‬�‫ه‬� ‫ا‬�‫م‬� ‫ن‬ �‫ا‬� ‫ف‬ � � � ‫ب‬ �‫ا‬� ‫ت‬ �‫ك‬ � � �‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬ ‫ه‬�‫ت‬ � ‫ف‬ � � � ‫ر‬‫ع‬ �‫م‬� ‫م‬ � ‫�ز‬‫ل‬��‫ت‬ �� ‫ا‬�‫م‬� ‫ر‬‫ه‬ � ‫ش‬ ���‫ا‬ ‫ا‬�‫ن‬ �‫�ه‬ ‫ا‬�‫م‬�‫ه‬ � ‫ن‬ �‫م‬� ‫ت‬ �‫ن‬ � ّ ‫�م‬ ‫ض‬ �� � ‫�د‬ ‫ق‬ � � �‫و‬�� ‫س‬�� ‫ن‬ �‫ا‬�‫ج‬ � � ‫ت‬ �‫ل�م‬ � ‫ا‬ ‫و‬�� ‫ف‬ � � �‫د‬‫ا‬‫ر‬ ‫ت‬ ��‫م‬ ‫�ل‬ � ‫ا‬ ‫ع‬ ‫و‬� ‫ن‬ �� ‫ب‬ � ‫ي‬ ��‫ر‬ ‫غ‬ � �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫س‬�� ‫ن‬ ��‫ج‬ � � ‫ى‬ � ‫ل‬��‫ع‬ � ‫ا‬�‫ب‬ �‫ض‬ �� �‫ت‬ � ‫�ق‬�‫م‬� ‫ة‬ ��‫غ‬ � �‫ل‬��‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ � ‫ت‬ �‫ك‬ � �� ‫ب‬ �‫و‬�‫ل‬��‫س‬��‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ل‬��‫ع‬ �‫ر‬‫ك‬ � ��‫ذ‬ �‫و‬�‫ل‬� � ‫و‬�� ‫ع‬ �‫�ي‬�‫�د‬‫ب‬ �� ‫ط‬ �� � ‫�م‬ ‫ن‬ � ‫ى‬ � ‫ل‬��‫ع‬ � ‫ه‬�‫ي‬ �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ة‬ ��‫ج‬ � �‫ا‬�‫ح‬ � ‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬ ّ ‫س‬��‫م‬� ‫ت‬ � ‫ا‬�‫م‬� ّ ‫م‬ � ‫ه‬�‫ا‬‫و‬�� ‫ر‬ ‫ق‬ �� ‫ف‬ ��‫ب‬ �� ‫ه‬�‫ت‬ � ‫�ق‬�‫س‬�� ‫ن‬ � ‫ة‬ �ّ ‫ر‬‫م‬�‫و‬�� ‫م‬ � ‫ج‬ � � ‫ع‬ �‫م‬ ‫ل‬ � ‫ا‬ ‫ف‬ � � �‫و‬��‫ر‬‫ح‬ � ‫ب‬ �‫ي‬ ��‫ت‬ ��‫ر‬ ‫�ت‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ل‬��‫ع‬ � ‫ة‬ �‫ر‬‫م‬� ‫ده‬‫ر‬‫��س‬ ‫ت‬ �‫ي‬ �‫ع‬ � ‫ا‬‫ر‬ ‫�د‬ ‫ق‬ � � �‫و‬�� ‫ا‬� ّ ‫ل‬�‫م‬�‫م‬� ‫ء‬ ‫آ‬ ��‫ج‬ � � ‫ل‬�� ‫ق‬ � � ‫ئ‬ ��‫ا‬� ‫ل‬�‫ع‬ �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ور‬��‫ر‬‫و‬�‫ث‬ �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬‫و‬�� ‫ور‬��‫ر‬‫و‬�‫ت‬ �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫�ف‬ � � ‫ا‬� ‫م‬� ‫ك‬ �� ‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬‫�د‬‫ب‬ �� ‫ا‬ � ‫ل‬ � � ‫ا‬‫و‬�� ‫ب‬ �‫ل‬��‫ق‬ ��‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ك‬��‫ل‬� � ‫ذ‬ � ‫�ن‬‫م‬�‫و‬�� * ‫ة‬ ��‫ع‬ �‫ص‬� �‫ر‬‫م‬� ‫ت‬ �‫ا‬‫ر‬ ‫ا‬�‫ب‬ �‫ع‬ �‫و‬�� ‫ة‬ ��‫ع‬ � ‫ج‬ � � ‫س‬���‫م‬� ‫ة‬ ��‫ب‬ ��‫ر‬ ‫ا‬�‫ق‬ ��‫ت‬ �‫م‬� ‫ة‬ �‫ر‬‫ي‬ �� ‫ث‬ �‫ك‬ � �� ‫ظ‬ � �� �‫ا‬�‫ف‬ ��‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫د‬‫ا‬‫�ير‬‫ا‬ ‫ه‬�‫ن‬ �‫م‬�‫و‬�� * ‫�م�دد‬ ‫ت‬ �‫و‬�� ‫ط‬ �� � ‫ط‬ �� � ‫�م‬ ‫ت‬ �‫و‬�� ‫ى‬ � ‫ت‬ �‫�م‬ ‫ت‬ � ‫و‬�� ‫ى‬ � ّ ‫ط‬ �� � ‫�م‬ ‫ت‬ �‫و‬�� ‫ر‬‫و‬� ‫ت‬ ��‫ر‬ ‫ت‬ ��‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬‫و‬�� ‫ر‬‫و‬� ‫ث‬ ��‫و‬�‫ت‬ �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬‫و‬�� ‫�ز‬‫ح‬ �‫ب‬ �‫ل‬��� ‫ا‬‫و‬�� ‫�ز‬ ‫ه‬ � ‫ب‬ �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬‫و‬�� ‫ش‬ ���‫�م‬ ‫�غ‬ �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫و‬�� ‫ش‬ ���‫ط‬ �� �‫غ‬ � �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬‫و‬�‫ح‬ � ‫ن‬ � ‫م‬ � ‫ج‬ � � ‫ع‬ �‫م‬ ‫ل‬ � ‫ا‬ ‫ف‬ � � �‫و‬��‫ر‬‫ح‬ � ‫�ن‬‫م‬� ‫د‬��‫ح‬ �‫ا‬‫و‬�� ‫ف‬ � � �‫ر‬‫ح‬ � ‫�ن‬‫م‬� ‫ى‬ � ‫ن‬�‫ع‬ �‫م‬ ‫�ل‬ � ‫ا‬‫و‬�� ‫ظ‬ � �� �‫ف‬ ��‫ل‬��‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫و‬�‫ه‬�‫و‬�� ‫ه‬‫ر‬‫ي‬ �� ‫�غ‬ � ‫ن‬ �‫و‬��‫د‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫�ن‬� ‫ا‬�‫ع‬ �‫م‬ ‫�ل‬ � ‫ا‬ ‫�ن‬‫م‬� ‫ى‬ � ‫ن‬�‫ع‬ �‫م‬ �‫ب‬� ‫ص‬� �‫ت‬ �‫�خ‬ �‫ي‬ � ‫ف‬ � � �‫ر‬‫ح‬ � ‫ل‬�‫�ك‬ � �� ‫ن‬ �‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ل‬��‫ع‬ � ‫ا‬�‫ه‬ �‫ي‬ � ‫ب‬ � ‫ن‬ ��‫ت‬ �� ‫ف�ز‬ ��‫ح‬ � ‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬‫و‬�� ‫غ�ز‬ � � ‫ب‬ �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬‫و‬�� ‫ا‬�‫ص‬� �‫و‬�‫ص‬� � ‫�خ‬ � ‫م‬� ‫ا‬�‫ب‬ ��‫ا‬� ‫ت‬ �‫ك‬ � ���‫ا‬ ‫�ذ‬ �‫ه‬ � ‫ل‬� � ‫ت‬ �‫ع‬ � ‫ض‬ �� �‫و‬�� ‫�د‬ ‫ق‬ � � �‫و‬�� * ‫ا‬�‫ه‬ � ‫ل‬� � ‫ه‬�ّ ‫ب‬ � ‫ن‬ ��‫ت‬ �� ‫�ن‬‫م‬� ّ ‫ل‬� ‫ق‬ �� � � ‫ى‬ � ‫ت‬ �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ة‬ ��‫ي‬ � ‫ب‬ ��‫ر‬‫ع‬ �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ة‬ ��‫غ‬ � �‫ل‬��‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ر‬‫��س‬‫ا‬ ‫�ن‬‫م‬� ‫ة‬ ��‫ع‬ �‫��س‬‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ء‬ ‫آ‬ ��‫ح‬ � ‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬ ‫ف‬ � � �‫ر‬‫ح‬ � ‫ص‬� �‫ئ‬ ��‫ا‬�‫ص‬� � ‫�خ‬ � ‫�ن‬‫�م‬ ‫�ف‬ � � ‫ب‬ �‫ر‬‫ع‬ �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ة‬ ��‫غ‬ � �‫ل‬� � ‫ص‬� �‫ئ‬ ��‫ا‬�‫ص‬� � ‫�خ‬ � ‫ي‬ � ‫ڡ‬ � � ‫ب‬ � ‫�ج‬ � ‫ع‬ �‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ه‬ � ‫ت‬ �‫ن‬ �‫م‬� ‫ه‬�‫ي�ت‬ �‫م‬�‫س‬�� ‫ح‬ �‫�د‬‫ت‬ ��‫ر‬‫�م‬ ‫�ل‬ � ‫ا‬‫و‬�� ‫ح‬ � ‫ر‬‫ح‬ �‫ر‬‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬‫و‬�� ّ ‫ح‬ �‫ج‬ � � ‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬‫و‬�� ‫ح‬ �‫ا‬‫�د‬‫ن‬ �‫ل‬��‫ب‬ �� ‫ا‬ � ‫ل‬ � � ‫ا‬‫و‬�� ‫ح‬ � ‫ط‬ �� �‫ب‬ �� ‫ا‬ � ‫ل‬ � � ‫ا‬‫و‬�� ‫ح‬ �‫ا‬‫ر‬‫ب‬ ��‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬‫و‬�� ‫ح‬ �‫ا‬‫�د‬‫ب‬ �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬‫و‬�� ‫ح‬ �‫ا‬�‫ح‬ � ‫ت‬ � ‫ب‬ ��‫ا‬� ‫ل‬ � � ‫ا‬‫و‬�‫ح‬ � ‫ن‬ � ‫ط‬ �� �‫ا‬�‫س‬��‫ب‬ ��‫ن‬�� ‫ا‬ � ‫ل‬ � � ‫ا‬‫و‬�� ‫ا‬�‫ع‬ �‫��س‬ ‫ت‬ ��‫م‬� ‫ى‬ � � ‫ا‬ ً ‫ا‬�‫ح‬ � َ ‫م‬� ْ ‫س‬���� َ ‫م‬ ‫ل‬ � ‫ه‬�‫ي‬ � ‫ف‬ � � � ‫ن‬ �‫ا‬ ‫م‬�‫ه‬ � ‫ل‬� � ‫و‬� ‫�ق‬ � � ‫ى‬ � ‫�ف‬ � � ‫ح‬ � ‫م‬�‫س‬��‫م‬ ‫ل‬ � ‫ا‬ ‫و‬�� ‫ح‬ � ‫و‬� ‫�ف‬�‫س‬��‫م‬ ‫�ل‬ � ‫ا‬‫و‬�� ‫ح‬ �‫ط�ي‬� �� � ‫س‬�� ‫ت‬ ��‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬‫و‬�� ‫ح‬ � ‫ك‬ � �� ‫ر‬ ‫ت‬ ��‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬‫و‬�� ‫ح‬ �‫و‬��َ ‫ر‬‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬‫و‬�� 1،2،0 2،2،0 3،2،0 4،2،0 ...

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