The Material Gene: Gender, Race, and Heredity after the Human Genome Project

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The Material Gene Biopolitics: Medicine, Technoscience, and Health in the 21st Century General Editors: Monica J. Casper and Lisa Jean Moore Missing Bodies: The Politics of Visibility Monica J. Casper and Lisa Jean Moore Against Health: How Health Became the New Morality Edited by Jonathan M. Metzl and Anna Kirkland Is Breast Best? Taking on the Breastfeeding Experts and the New High Stakes of Motherhood Joan B. Wolf Biopolitics: An Advanced Introduction Thomas Lemke The Material Gene: Gender, Race, and Heredity after the Human Genome Project Kelly E. Happe The Material Gene Gender, Race, and Heredity after the Human Genome Project Kelly E. Happe a NEW YORK UNIVERSIT Y PRESS New York and London NEW YORK UNIVERSITY PRESS New York and London www.nyupress.org© 2013 by New York University All rights reserved References to Internet Websites (URLs) were accurate at the time of writing. Neither the author nor New York University Press is responsible for URLs that may have expired or changed since the manuscript was prepared. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Happe, Kelly E. The material gene : gender, race, and heredity after the human genome project / Kelly E. Happe. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-8147-9067-0 (hardback) ISBN 978-0-8147-9068-7 (paperback) 1. Genomics—Social aspects. 2. Human genetics—Social aspects. 3. Genetic engineering—Moral and ethical aspects. I. Title. QH438.7.H37 2013 572.8’6—dc23 2012048186 New York University Press books are printed on acid-free paper, and their binding materials are chosen for strength and durability. We strive to use environmentally responsible suppliers and materials to the greatest extent possible in publishing our books. Manufactured in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Dedicated to the memory of Elizabeth Chase Lewis (1919–2003) This page intentionally left blank ...