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160 160 ‫ر‬ ‫ش‬ ‫ص‬��‫ع‬ � ‫ى‬ � ‫ب‬ ‫ل‬� ‫ا‬�‫ت‬ ‫ش‬�‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬‫ل‬���� � ‫ف‬ ‫ب‬ ��‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ه‬� ّ ‫ت‬� �� َ ‫ر‬ َ �‫ت‬��� � �‫ا‬�‫ت‬� �‫ب‬��‫ا‬ � � ‫ڡ‬ � � � �� � ّ ‫ب‬ ��‫ا‬�� �� ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫د‬��‫ل‬�� ‫ب‬ � � � * � �� �� ��‫ب‬ � � � ‫ه‬� � ‫س‬‫ش‬ � ‫ب‬ ‫ح‬ � ‫ا‬ � ّ ‫ل‬ � � ‫ا‬ ‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬�� ��‫ش‬ ‫ل‬� ‫ا‬ � ‫ل‬ � � ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫س‬‫م‬� ‫ى‬ �‫ب‬ ‫ح‬ � ‫ر‬ ‫ب‬ � � ‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬ ‫�د‬‫ب‬ �‫ع‬ � � � � � ‫ا‬�� ��‫ر‬ ‫ا‬�‫ب‬ ��‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬�‫ب‬ ‫س‬ ‫ب‬ �‫ح‬ �‫ا‬��� � �� � ‫ب‬ ‫س‬‫ل‬ � � �� ‫ل‬ ‫م‬ � � ‫ا‬� ‫ى‬ � � �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ر‬� �� ‫ب‬ ‫ع‬ � ‫ا‬�� �� � ‫ل‬�‫ر‬� �� � ‫ى‬ � ‫ب‬ ‫ل‬� ‫ا‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫و‬�� ‫ه‬‫لل‬‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ب‬�‫ش‬ ‫ل‬�� ‫ب‬ ‫ع‬ � ‫ا‬ ‫�د‬ � � � � * ‫ه‬�‫ل‬� � ‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬� � � � �‫و‬�� ‫ه‬�‫م‬�‫ا‬‫ب‬ ‫ر‬‫ح‬ � ‫ى‬ � ‫ب‬ ‫ل‬ � � ‫ه‬�� ��‫ا‬‫و‬��‫د‬ ‫ع‬ � ‫ب‬ �� �‫و‬��‫و‬�� �‫ر‬‫و‬� ‫ب‬ �‫ب‬ �� �� � ‫ى‬ � ‫ب‬� � � � �‫ر‬ ‫ا‬�‫ب‬ ��� ‫ل‬� ‫ب‬ ��� �‫ك‬ � �� ‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬� � � � � * � ‫ه‬�‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬�� � ‫م‬� ‫ا‬ � ‫ل‬ � � ‫ك‬�� � � � �‫ر‬ ‫ا‬�‫ب‬ ��‫س‬� ‫م‬ �‫و‬�� ‫ص‬‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬�‫ب‬��‫ا‬� ‫ب‬ � � � * ‫ب‬ �‫و‬�� ‫ص‬ ‫ب‬ � �‫ر‬ ‫ب‬ � � ‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬ ‫ك‬��‫ب‬ ��‫ب‬ ‫ر‬‫ح‬ �‫و‬�� � �‫ب‬��‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬�� � � � � ‫ك‬ � � ‫ر‬� �� � ‫ب‬ �‫ا‬ ‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬� � � � � * ‫ى‬ � ‫ب‬� �‫ل‬‫ئ‬ ‫و‬���� ‫ك‬��‫ب‬��‫ا‬�‫ب‬ �� ‫ك‬��� �‫ل‬��‫ع‬ � ‫��د‬ � ‫ش‬ ���� � ‫ر‬‫و‬� ‫ب‬ �‫ب‬ �� �� � �� � ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫���د‬ ‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬� � � � � * ‫ى‬ � ‫ش‬ ��� ‫ى‬ � ‫ب‬ ‫ل‬ � � ‫ك‬��� �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ � �‫ا‬�‫س‬��‫ا‬ ‫ا‬�‫م‬�‫و‬�� � �‫د‬‫ا‬�� � ‫ش‬ ��� ‫ج‬ � ‫ر‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ح‬ � ‫ى‬ � ‫ب‬ ‫ل‬ � � ‫ا‬�‫ب‬ � ‫ب‬ ��‫س‬�� ‫ه‬�‫ب‬��‫و‬�� � �� ‫ع‬ �‫س‬�‫و‬�‫ه‬� ‫ه‬�� ��‫د‬‫ا‬�� � ‫ش‬ ��� ‫ج‬ � �‫س‬‫ط‬ � � �� ‫ب‬ ��� �‫ك‬ � � �‫ب‬� � � � �‫د‬‫ا‬�� � ‫ش‬ ��� ‫ه‬�‫ل‬� � ‫ل‬� ‫ب‬ �� � ‫ع‬�� ‫ل‬� ‫ا‬ � ‫ل‬ � � ‫ه‬�‫ب‬ �� ‫ب‬ � � �‫ب‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ا‬�� �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ �� ‫م‬� ‫ك‬ �� ‫ك‬��� ��‫و‬��‫ا‬�‫س‬��‫م‬�‫ب‬� � � � ‫ط‬ �� �‫ب‬ �� �‫ل‬� � ‫ه‬�‫ب‬��‫ا‬‫و‬�� * ‫ك‬��‫ئ‬ ��‫ا‬�‫ب‬ ��‫ا‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ب‬ � � ‫ح‬ � � �‫د‬‫ا‬�� � ‫ش‬ ��� � �‫ح‬ � �‫س‬‫ط‬ � �� ‫م‬� ‫ك‬ �� ‫ج‬ � �‫س‬‫ط‬ � � �� ‫ل‬�‫ب‬ �‫ل‬� ‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬� � � � � * ‫ه‬�‫ب‬ �� �‫ا‬��� � ‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬� � � � � * ‫ك‬��‫ب‬ �� ��‫ب‬ ��‫ر‬ � � � �‫و‬�‫ب‬ �� ‫ب‬ �‫م�د‬ � ‫ا‬� ‫ا‬ ّ ‫ك‬‫د‬ �� ‫م‬� ‫ك‬ �� ‫ك‬��� � ّ � ��‫ش‬ ‫�س‬�‫ا‬�� �� ْ‫ب‬ � َ ‫ع‬ � ‫ب‬ �‫و‬�‫ص‬� � � � ّ ‫ك‬‫�د‬� ��‫و‬�� * ‫ك‬ ّ ‫د‬��‫ب‬ � � ‫ب‬ �‫ا‬�� ��‫ا‬ � � � ��‫ط‬ �� �‫ب‬ �� ‫ب‬ �‫ا‬ � �‫�م‬‫ل‬��‫ع‬ � ‫�د‬� ��‫ب‬ � � � ‫ه‬�‫ب‬ �� ‫ب‬ � � �‫ب‬ ‫ر‬‫ع‬ �� ‫ل‬� ‫ب‬ �‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ب‬ ‫ل‬ � � ‫س‬��‫ا‬�‫ب‬ �� ‫ا‬ � ‫ل‬ � � ‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬� � � � � * ‫م‬ �‫ا‬�� � �� � ‫ا‬‫و‬�� ‫ى‬ � ‫ح‬ �‫و‬�� ‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬� � � � � * ‫م‬ ��� ‫ل‬�‫ك‬ � � �‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫���د‬ ‫ا‬�‫م‬� ‫د‬‫ا‬�� � ُ � ‫ل‬�‫و‬�� ‫د‬َ ‫ب‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ل‬�� ‫ب‬ �‫و‬��� � ‫و‬� � ��� ‫ل‬� ‫ب‬ ‫س‬‫م‬� ‫�د‬‫ب‬ �‫ع‬ � ‫ه‬�‫ب‬ �� ‫ب‬ � � �‫ب‬ ‫ر‬��‫ع‬ � ‫ى‬ � ‫ب‬ ‫ل‬� ‫ا‬ ‫ل‬�‫ب‬ �‫ل‬� ‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬� � � � � * ‫ك‬‫ا‬�‫ك‬ � � � ‫ش‬ ‫�س‬� ‫��س�د‬‫ح‬ � ‫ب‬ ‫س‬� � ‫م‬ �‫د‬‫ا‬�‫ب‬ � � ‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬ � �� �� � ّ ‫ل‬��‫ب‬ � � ‫�د‬ � � � � ‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬� � � � � * ‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬�� � � �‫ب‬ ‫�ل‬ ‫ا‬ � ‫ل‬ � � ‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ب‬ ‫ل‬ � � ‫ا‬ � ‫ل‬ � � ‫ا‬ ‫ه‬‫لل‬‫ا‬ ‫م‬ � ���‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ �‫و‬��‫ر‬‫ل‬ � ��‫ب‬ ‫�د‬� �� ‫ا‬ � ‫ل‬ � � ‫م‬ � ‫ب‬ � � ‫ع‬ � ‫�د‬‫ب‬ �‫ع‬ � ‫ا‬ � ‫ل‬ � � * ‫ه‬‫لل‬‫ا‬‫و‬�� � � ‫ب‬ ��‫س‬��‫ح‬ �‫ا‬‫و‬�� * ‫د‬‫و‬�‫ه‬ �� �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫س‬‫م‬� ‫ك‬��‫ب‬��‫ا‬ ‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬� � � � � * ‫د‬‫و‬�‫ب‬ ‫ص‬‫ك‬ � �� ‫ك‬��‫ب‬��‫ا‬ ‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬� � � � � * � �� �� � ‫م‬�� � ‫ك‬ � � ‫و‬�� � �� �� �ّ ‫ر‬ ‫ب‬ � � � ‫�د‬ � � � � ‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬� � � � � * � �� �� � ‫ط‬ �� � ‫ش‬ ‫م‬��‫ا‬‫و‬�� �� ّ ‫ل‬�� � ‫م‬� ‫ى‬ � �‫ر‬ � ��� � �� ‫ا‬‫و‬�� ‫ر‬ ‫ا‬�‫س‬��‫و‬�� * ‫ب‬ � �� �� � ‫ب‬ ‫ع‬ �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫س‬‫م‬� ‫ب‬ ‫�س‬ ��‫ب‬ ‫س‬� �� �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ � �� � � �‫ا‬�‫ب‬ � � ‫س‬��‫ا‬‫ر‬‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫م�د‬�‫ا‬�‫س‬��‫و‬�‫ه‬�‫و‬�� ‫ه‬�‫ب‬ �‫ع‬ � ‫ى‬ � ّ ‫ل‬�� ‫و‬�� ‫م‬ � ‫ش‬ � ‫ه‬�� �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ر‬� ��‫ش‬ ‫��س‬‫ب‬ � ‫د‬‫ور‬��‫و‬�� ‫ا‬ � ّ ‫ل‬ � � ‫ا‬ ‫س‬��‫ل‬��‫ب‬ � � ‫م‬ � � ‫ا‬ ‫ه‬�‫ب‬ �� ‫ر‬ � ‫ع‬�� ����‫ا‬ ‫ا‬�‫م‬� ‫ب‬ ‫ل‬ � � * ‫ج‬ �‫م�م�د‬ � ‫ا‬� ‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬ ‫ه‬�‫ب‬ � �‫و‬� � ��‫و‬�� ‫ر‬‫و‬� ‫ب‬ �‫ب‬ �� �� � �� � ‫ا‬ ‫ه‬�� � ‫ب‬ ‫ك‬ � � ‫ى‬ � �‫و‬�� ‫آ‬ ‫ا‬ � �� �� ّ ‫د‬‫ا‬‫و‬�� � ‫ه‬�� �‫�م‬ ‫ب‬ � � ‫ع‬ �‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬ � �‫ا‬�‫ب‬ � �‫ل‬��‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫م‬�‫ب‬ ‫ح‬ �‫ر‬ � ��‫م‬� ‫ى‬ � ‫ل‬��‫ع‬ � ‫ا‬� ‫ب‬ �� �ُ ‫ر‬� � ‫ا‬�‫م‬�‫ل‬�� ‫ب‬ � � � * ‫ا‬�‫م‬�� � � �‫�م‬‫ب‬ ‫ح‬ � ‫ر‬ � ‫ل‬ ‫د‬‫ا‬‫�ر‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ب‬ �‫ا‬�� �� ��‫ب‬ �� ‫ا‬�� �� � ‫ب‬ ‫ك‬ � � � ‫ه‬�� �� � � �‫ر‬ �‫�د‬� �‫ب‬ ‫�ل‬‫و‬�� ١٫١٢٫٢ ٢٫١٢٫٢ 161 161 Chapter 12 Poems for Princes Our friend the Fāriyāq had no heavy baggage at the Bag-man’s house other than his own body, so he took his tambour under his arm, put his pen-box in his belt, and told the man, “God has come to my aid and shown me a path different from that laid down for me by you and your company of Bag-men. Today I shall leave you and nothing shall dissuade me.” “How can you leave me, when I’ve done you no injury?” asked the other. “This tambour,” replied the Fāriyāq, “bears witness against you that you did.” “If the tambour-player isn’t acceptable as a witness, how can the witness of the instrument itself— the reason for the discounting of its owner’s witness—be valid?”134 “On the contrary,” said the Fāriyāq “it’s as valid as your father’s mare’s, can announce your sins as loudly as your grandfather’s she-ass, and can demolish the castles where you store your peddlers’ goods as well as any kingly trumpet!”135 Said he, “what am I to make of such a peroration?” “That it’s revelation and inspiration!” he replied. “It doesn’t matter if you play your tambour,” the Bagman said, “for I’ve discovered that the servant only brought the complaint against you out of envy.” “Never!” said the Fāriyāq. “I’m going to play it to people who tell me, ‘More!’ and ‘Encore!’ and ‘well done!’ and ‘Allāh!’136 not to foreigners who only say God’s name when praying.” “You’re a trouble -maker and have gone too far!” said the man. “And you’ve let me down and haven’t treated me fair!” the Fāriyāq retorted. “You’re untrue!” he said. “And you’re a Jew!” he responded. Then he turned his back on him, head held high, eyes bulging with fury, and set off, and he rented a room, where he stowed his tambour and made his way to the Panegyricon. He had barely had time to take his seat before a messenger appeared before him with a piece of paper in his hand, on which were two lines of 2.12.1 2.12.2 [18.188.241.82] Project MUSE (2024-04-25 18:39 GMT) 162 162 ‫ه‬� ّ ‫ي‬ �� ِ ‫ر‬ ِ ‫��س‬ ‫ي‬ �‫ا‬�‫ي‬ �‫ب‬ ��‫ا‬ ‫ي‬ � � ‫ب‬ � � � ‫ب‬ � � �‫ك‬ � �� ‫و‬�� ‫م‬ � ‫ل‬ �� � ��‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫د‬��‫ب‬ � �‫ا‬� ‫ب‬ � � � * � � � � ‫ا‬�� ��‫ر‬ ‫ا‬�‫ب‬ ��‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬‫ر‬� ��‫ب‬ � �‫ا‬ � ‫ه‬�‫ب‬ ��‫و‬�‫ب‬ ‫ص‬‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ � �� � � �‫ب‬ ‫�ل‬‫ا‬ ‫ج‬ �‫م�م�د‬ � ‫ا‬� ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫�د‬‫ب‬ �� � ‫ب‬ � � ‫ى‬ � ‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬�‫م‬�� � � �‫�م‬‫ب‬ ‫ح‬ � ‫ر‬ � ‫ل‬ ‫ا‬�‫س‬ ‫ب‬ � � � ‫ا‬�‫ع‬ ��‫ك‬ � �� ‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ط‬ �� � ‫ت‬ ��‫م‬�‫ا‬ ‫ا‬�‫س‬ ‫ب‬�‫م‬� ‫ه‬�� �‫س‬� �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬�� �� �‫د‬‫ا‬‫و‬� ‫ب‬ � �‫ر‬�‫ع‬� � ‫ب‬ ‫ح‬ � ‫م‬ �‫و‬�� ‫ص‬‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ّ ‫ى‬ � �‫ر‬�‫ع‬���‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ �‫ك‬ � �� ‫ر‬ ‫ا‬�‫س‬ ‫ب‬ � � � ‫ا‬� ّ ‫ع‬ ‫ب‬ � � �‫ر‬ ‫ه‬�‫ع‬‫ب‬ �� ‫و‬��‫�د‬‫س‬‫ب‬ � �� ‫ل‬� ‫ا‬�‫س‬ ‫ب‬�‫ل‬��‫ك‬ � �� ‫ل‬��‫س‬‫ب‬ �� ‫س‬�� ‫ب‬ ‫ك‬ � � ‫ا‬‫ر‬ ‫و‬�� ‫ا‬ ‫ج‬ � ‫م‬� ‫ا‬‫ر‬ ‫ا‬�‫ب‬ ‫س‬� �‫ف‬ ‫ب‬ � � � ‫س‬��� ��‫ل‬� � ‫ب‬ ‫د‬‫ا‬ ‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬�‫م‬� � � ‫ش‬ ‫�س‬� ‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ب‬�‫س‬ �‫م‬ � ‫ا‬� ‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ل‬��‫ع‬ � ‫ب‬ � �� ‫ل‬�‫م‬� � � ‫ش‬ ‫��س‬� � ‫ا‬�‫م‬�‫ه‬�‫د‬��‫ب‬ � �‫و‬�� ‫ل‬���� � ‫ا‬ � ‫ل‬ � �‫ا‬�‫ب‬ �� ‫ب‬ ‫�س‬ ��� �� ��‫ب‬ �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫س‬� ‫ل‬ ‫ب‬ ‫���د‬ ‫ب‬ ‫�د‬‫ب‬ �� � ‫ب‬ � � ‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬ ‫ل‬�‫ب‬ �‫ل‬�‫ا‬� � � � � ‫ا‬�‫م‬�‫ل‬�� ‫ب‬ � � � ‫ا‬�� � ‫ل‬��‫م‬�‫ه‬ � � ‫���س‬� � ‫ى‬ � � �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ � �� �‫ا‬�‫ب‬ ��‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ � ‫ل‬ � �‫ا‬�‫ب‬ �� ‫و‬� ‫ش‬ ���‫ح‬ � ‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬ ‫م‬ �‫ع�د‬ � ‫ع‬ �‫س‬� * ‫ج‬ ‫ب‬ � َ‫ب‬ �� َ ��‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ل‬��‫ع‬ � ‫آ‬ ‫ا‬�� �‫س‬� ‫ا‬ � ‫ل‬ � � ‫ا‬ ‫و‬�� ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫�س‬ ��‫ب‬ � ‫ب‬ � � ‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ل‬��‫ع‬ � ‫ب‬ ‫س‬� �� �‫ب‬ �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬�‫م‬�‫ه‬� * ‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬� � � � �‫و‬�� ‫دا‬��‫ب‬ � � ‫ا‬�‫م‬�� �‫ب‬ �� ‫ب‬ � ‫ب‬ ‫ح‬ � ‫ع‬ � ‫ا‬� ‫ب‬ � � � * ‫ل‬�‫ل‬��‫ب‬ � � ‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫س‬‫م‬� ‫م‬�� � � ��‫ا‬�� �‫ب‬ ‫�ل‬‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ب‬ ‫ل‬ � � ‫ا‬�‫م‬� ‫ل��س�د‬� � ‫ا‬�‫ب‬ �‫ل‬� � �� ‫ب‬ ‫ع‬ � ‫آ‬ ‫ا‬‫ر‬‫ع‬ � ‫ش‬ ‫��س‬‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ � �� �‫ا‬�‫ب‬ ��‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ � ‫ه‬�‫ل‬�� ‫ب‬ ‫ط‬ �� �‫ا‬�� �‫س‬� ‫ا‬ � ‫ل‬ � � ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬�� �� � ‫ب‬ ‫ك‬ � � ‫ى‬ � �‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ � ‫ل‬ � � ‫ى‬ � ‫ب‬ ‫ل‬� ‫ا‬� ‫ب‬ � � � * � ‫ه‬�� �‫�م‬ ‫ب‬ � � ‫ع‬ �‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬ � ‫ه‬�‫م‬�‫ب‬ ‫ح‬ �‫ر‬ � ��‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ل‬��‫ع‬ � �� ‫ل‬� ‫ب‬ �� � ‫ب‬ ��� ‫ل‬� ‫ب‬ �‫ا‬�‫ب‬ �� ‫ب‬ �‫ا‬� ّ � ��‫ر‬‫ح‬ � ‫�د‬‫ب‬ �‫ع‬ � ‫ب‬ �‫ا‬�� �� ��‫ب‬ �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫ه‬ � � � ‫ش‬ ���‫ا‬ ‫ا‬�‫م‬ � ‫ا‬� ‫ه‬�‫ب‬��‫ا‬ ‫ر‬� �� ‫ب‬ ‫ع‬ � * ‫م‬�� � � ��‫د‬��‫ع‬ �‫و‬�� ‫م‬�� � ‫ع‬ � ‫�د‬ ‫ب‬ � � � ‫م‬ �‫و‬� � ��‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ � �‫د‬��‫ع‬ � � ‫ب‬ ‫���د‬ ‫ل‬��� �‫ل‬� � ‫ب‬ ‫س‬‫ل‬ � � �‫ل‬�� ‫و‬�� ‫ب‬ �‫و‬�� � � �� � ‫ب‬ ‫ك‬ � � � ‫ه‬� ‫ب‬ � � � ‫د‬‫ا‬‫ر‬ � ��‫م‬ � ‫ا‬� ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ � �� �‫ا‬�‫ب‬ ��‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ � ‫ل‬ � � ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫س‬‫م‬� ‫س‬�� ‫ب‬ ‫ك‬ � � ‫ا‬‫ر‬ ‫و‬�� ‫ا‬ ‫ج‬ � ‫م‬� ‫ا‬‫ر‬ ‫ه‬�‫ل‬� � ‫و‬� � ‫م‬ � � ‫ب‬ �‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫س‬� � � �‫ب‬ ‫ل‬� ‫ب‬ ‫س‬� �‫ر‬ � ��‫ع‬ � ‫ا‬ ‫�د‬� ��‫ب‬ �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ل‬����‫ا‬ * ‫ع‬ � ‫ب‬ � � �‫س‬�� ‫ك‬��‫ل‬� � ‫ب‬ ‫د‬ ‫ع‬ �‫س‬� ‫ه‬�� � ‫ب‬ ‫ك‬ � �‫و‬�� ‫ج‬ � ‫م‬� ‫ا‬‫ر‬ ‫و‬�� ‫ا‬ ‫ج‬ � ‫م‬� ‫ا‬�‫ب‬ � � ‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬�� ��� ‫ل‬� ‫ب‬ �‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ل‬�� ‫و‬�� ‫ا‬ � ‫ل‬ � �‫ا‬� ‫ب‬ � � � * ‫ا‬‫و‬� ‫ب‬ ��‫ل‬� � � ‫ه‬�� �‫ب‬ ‫�ل‬‫ا‬�‫ش‬ �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫و‬�� ‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ل‬�� ‫و‬�� ‫ا‬ � ‫ل‬ � � ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫د‬‫ا‬ ‫ج‬ � ‫م‬� ‫ر‬ ‫ب‬ ‫س‬‫م‬� ‫ل‬��‫ع‬ � ‫ا‬� ‫ب‬ � � � ‫م‬ � ���‫ا‬‫و‬�� ‫ب‬ �‫ا‬�‫ب‬��‫ر‬ � � � � ‫ه‬�‫ل‬� � ‫ر‬‫و‬�‫ش‬ ‫ص‬‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬�� � ‫ب‬ �‫م‬� � �‫ر‬� �� ‫ش‬ �‫ك‬ � �� ‫ى‬ � ‫ب‬ ‫ل‬� ‫ا‬�� �‫س‬� ‫ج‬ � ‫م‬� ‫ا‬‫ر‬ � ‫ه‬� ‫ب‬ ‫ط‬ �� �‫ب‬ ��‫ل‬��‫ل‬� � ‫ب‬ �‫ا‬�‫ب‬ �� ‫ب‬ �� � ‫ب‬ ‫ح‬ �‫ا‬‫و‬�� ‫ل‬� ‫ب‬ �� �‫م�د‬� ‫ه‬�‫ل‬� � ‫س‬��� ��‫ل‬� � ‫ر‬‫و‬�‫ش‬ ‫ص‬‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ �‫ا‬�‫ب‬ �� ّ ‫د‬ ُ ‫ور‬�� * ‫ع‬ �‫م‬ � ‫ا‬� � � � �‫ر‬‫ب‬ ��‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ج‬ � ‫م‬� ‫ور‬�� * ‫ج‬ � ‫م‬� ‫ر‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫د‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ا‬��� � ‫و‬�� ‫ا‬ ‫ج‬ � ‫م‬� ‫ر‬‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬�‫ب‬ �� ‫ب‬ ‫س‬�‫ع‬ �‫ل‬ ‫ط‬ �� � * ‫ب‬ � ‫ب‬ �‫ب‬ � �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ب‬ ‫ل‬ � � ‫ى‬ �‫ب‬ � ‫ب‬ ��� �‫م‬ � ‫ا‬� ‫ا‬ ‫ه‬�� �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ا‬�‫ش‬ ‫�س‬�‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ �‫ا‬‫و‬�� ‫ب‬ �‫ا‬‫ر‬� ��‫ش‬ �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ �‫ك‬ � �� ‫ر‬ � ‫ل‬ ‫ا‬ � ‫ل‬ � � ‫س‬��‫ا‬�‫ب‬ �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ �‫ا‬� ‫ب‬ � � � * ‫ه‬�� �‫ب‬ ‫�ل‬‫ر‬ � ‫ع‬�‫ب‬ ‫ل‬� ‫ا‬�‫ب‬ �‫�ع‬ * ‫ا‬�‫ب‬ �‫ع‬ � ‫ا‬�‫ط‬ �� � ‫ب‬ �‫و‬�� � � �� ‫ل‬ ‫ا‬ � ‫ل‬ � � ‫ب‬ �‫و‬�� � �� ‫ر‬‫�ص‬ � ‫ا‬� ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ � ‫ا‬ � ‫ل‬ � � * ‫م‬ �‫ا‬�� ��‫م‬ � ‫ا‬� ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ����‫ا‬�‫ب‬ �� ‫�ل‬ ‫ا‬ � ‫ل‬ � � ‫ب‬ ‫س‬� � ‫ا‬�‫ط‬ �� � ‫ى‬ � ‫ب‬�‫س‬ �‫م‬ �‫ب‬� ‫ل‬��‫ع‬ � ‫ا‬�‫ب‬ ��‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫م‬ � ���‫ا‬‫و‬�� � � � � ‫ا‬�� ��‫ر‬ ‫ا‬�‫ب‬ ��‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬�� ��‫ب‬ � � � ‫ب‬ �‫ا‬‫ر‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ح‬ �‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ �‫ا‬�� �� ��‫ب‬ �� ‫ا‬�� �� � ‫ب‬ ‫ك‬ � � � ‫ه‬�� �� � � �‫ر‬ ‫ه‬�� �‫س‬� ‫ب‬ �‫ا‬�‫ش‬ �� ‫ر‬� ��‫ش‬ ‫��س‬‫ب‬ � ‫ل‬�‫ب‬ �‫ل‬�‫ا‬�� ��‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫م‬ �‫و‬�� ‫ص‬‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ب‬ ‫ل‬ � � ‫د‬‫ور‬�� ‫م‬ � ‫ش‬ � �‫ر‬�‫ت‬� �‫ك‬ � � �‫ب‬ �� ‫�ل‬ ‫ب‬ ‫س‬‫م‬� ‫ب‬ �‫و‬� ‫ب‬ ‫�ص‬ �‫ر‬� ‫ا‬ � ‫ل‬ � � ‫ا‬ � � ‫ب‬ ‫ح‬ � � �‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ع‬ ‫ب‬ � � � ‫ه‬�‫ع‬ � �‫و‬� ‫ب‬ ‫تص‬�� � �� � ‫ا‬‫ر‬ ّ ‫ل‬ � � �‫ب‬ �‫ت‬�� ‫ى‬ � �‫ر‬�‫ت‬���‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫م‬ �‫ا‬�‫ع‬ � � � � �‫ور‬��‫ر‬�‫ت‬���‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬�� � ‫ن‬� � ‫ا‬�� � ‫ش‬ ‫�س‬� ‫ه‬�‫ت‬� �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ � � ّ ‫�د‬‫ع‬�� ‫ه‬��� � ��‫ا‬�‫ب‬ ‫س‬ ‫ش‬ ��� ‫ب‬ ‫س‬‫م‬� ‫س‬��‫م‬� ‫ش‬ ���‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � �‫ب‬ ‫د‬ ‫ى‬ � �‫ر‬ � ‫ل‬ ‫ا‬�‫م‬� َ ‫و‬�� َ ‫ا‬ ٣٫١٢٫٢ ٤٫١٢٫٢ 163 163 Poems for Princes verse that were to be translated, for after they had been presented to those translating into languages other than Arabic and delivered by them to the Grand Panjandrum of the Panegyricon, it was finally the Fāriyāq’s turn. He took up his pen and wrote, The prince this day rode the best of his steeds But would that he’d taken his seat on our backs! Among us there’s none that bucks or kicks (rāmiḥ aw rāfis)— Nay, through him, all of us are turned into hacks. when the Grand Panjandrum compared these verses to the original, he found that they encapsulated the meaning as the belly does the fetus or the intestines the duodenum, without at the same time stuffing it with the words that poets usually use to fill in the weak spots in their poems. Delighted, he said, “These verses are preferable to the translations made by the foreigners, in which I find only repetition. But maybe such is their way, so let us leave them to their own devices.” However, when the verses became known to the critics, some objected that rāmih and rāfis were synonymous, so either the first or the second had to be considered an error, and it would have been better if he’d written jāmiḥ (“bolts”) aw rāmiḥ, which, in addition, form a doublet. To this response was made that the word rāmiḥ has many meanings, among them “a bull with two horns,” and it may be used as the verbal adjective of ramaḥa meaning “to thrust with the lance (rumḥ)” or in the sense “he became armed with a lance”; there’s also ramaḥa l-barq meaning “the lightning flashed.” To this the riposte would be that there’s no way for a bull to get in there with his horns because people don’t ride bulls, even if al-Mutanabbī raises such a possibility in the ode of his known as Al-Ghabab (The Wattle),137 and that the...

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