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116 116 ‫ع‬ �‫ب‬ ‫ل‬�‫ا‬�‫ع‬���‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬‫ل‬���� � ‫ف‬ ‫ب‬ ��‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫ص‬� � ‫م‬�� ‫ب‬ ��‫ق‬‫ع‬�� �‫و‬�� � � ‫ڡ‬ � � � �‫�د‬� �‫ع‬ �‫��س‬‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ � ‫ه‬�‫ب‬ �� ‫�ل‬‫م�د‬ � ‫ا‬� ‫ا‬ � ‫ب‬ ‫���د‬ ‫ب‬ ���� �‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � � �‫ح‬ � � �‫ا‬‫و‬��‫د‬��‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬‫و‬�� ‫م‬ � ‫ل‬ �� � ��‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫س‬� ‫ل‬‫ا‬� ‫ب‬ � � � * ‫ا‬‫ر‬‫ل‬ � ��‫ا‬�‫ش‬ ‫�س‬� ‫ه‬‫لل‬ ‫ا‬‫م�د‬�‫ا‬�� � � �‫�م‬ � ‫ل‬ � � ‫�د‬ � � � � ‫ا‬�� � ‫ل‬����‫ا‬ * ‫م‬ �‫ر‬‫ل‬ � � �‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬‫و‬�� ‫ل‬� ‫ب‬ ��� � ‫ب‬ ��‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ �‫��د‬ �‫س‬�‫و‬�� ‫ر‬� ��‫ب‬ � � ‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬ ‫د‬��‫ل‬��‫ب‬ ‫ل‬� ‫ا‬�� � ‫ب‬ �� ‫ا‬ � ‫ل‬ � � * ‫ا‬��� ‫آ‬ ‫ا‬‫ر‬ ‫ب‬ ‫س‬‫م‬� ‫ل‬��‫ك‬ � ��‫ب‬ ‫س‬‫م‬� ‫ج‬ �‫م�د‬ � ‫ا‬� ‫ا‬�‫ب‬ �� � �‫�ر‬ ‫ل‬‫د‬��‫ب‬ � � ‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫س‬� � ‫ب‬ ‫س‬� ‫ل‬‫ب‬ ‫ر‬� � ‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ب‬� ‫ب‬ ‫س‬ �� ‫ل‬� ‫ا‬�‫م‬� � ‫ه‬� � � � �‫ر‬‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫س‬‫م‬� ‫م‬�� � ‫م‬��� ‫ل‬�‫ك‬ � �� ‫ى‬ � ‫ب‬ ‫ل‬ � �‫و‬�� * ‫ب‬ � � ��‫ر‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ع‬ �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ �‫ا‬�‫س‬��‫ح‬ �‫ا‬‫و‬�� ‫ب‬ �‫د‬‫ا‬‫و‬�� ‫ب‬ ��‫ط‬ �� � �� � ‫و‬��‫و‬�� ‫ب‬ ‫د‬ ‫ك‬‫و‬��‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ب‬ �‫ا‬‫و‬�� * ‫ك‬‫و‬�‫م‬� ّ ‫ل‬��‫س‬�� ‫�د‬� ��‫ب‬ � � � ‫ك‬��� �‫ل‬��‫ع‬ � ‫ا‬‫و‬�‫م‬�‫ل‬��‫س‬�� ‫ب‬ �‫ا‬‫و‬�� * ‫ك‬‫و‬�� ‫ص‬� �‫ا‬ ‫�د‬� ��‫ب‬ � � � ‫ك‬‫و‬� ّ � ‫ص‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫د‬‫ا‬ * ‫ب‬ � � ��‫ر‬� �� �� �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ * ‫م‬�� ����‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬�‫ب‬ � � ‫م‬� ‫ب‬ ‫س‬� � �� ‫ل‬� ‫ب‬ �� � ‫ب‬ � � � ‫م‬ � ‫ع‬�‫ور‬��‫���د‬ � ‫ك‬��‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬‫و‬�� � �‫س‬�� ‫ب‬ ‫ك‬ � � ‫م‬�� � � ��‫ر‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ب‬ �‫ا‬‫و‬�� * ‫م‬�� � � �� ‫�ل‬‫و‬��‫ر‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬� � � � �‫و‬� ‫ش‬ ��� ‫ك‬‫و‬��‫د‬‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ر‬ ‫م‬�� �‫ب‬ �� * � � � � ‫ا‬� ‫ب‬ � � �‫و‬�� ‫م‬ � ‫ع‬�‫ا‬‫و‬���� ‫ب‬ ‫س‬‫م‬�‫ر‬ ‫ب‬ � � ‫ب‬ � � � � �‫ا‬� ‫ب‬ � � �‫و‬�� * � � � � ‫ا‬� ‫ب‬ � � � ‫ا‬ � ‫ل‬ � � ‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ب‬ ‫ل‬ � � ‫ر‬ ‫ش‬ ‫��ص‬ � ��‫ب‬��‫ا‬ ‫�د‬ � � � � ‫م‬�� � � �‫م�د‬� ‫ب‬ �‫ا‬� ‫ب‬ � � � ‫ا‬���‫و‬�� ‫ا‬�‫م‬�‫ل‬��‫ع‬ � ‫ا‬�‫م‬�‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ب‬ ‫ل‬ � � � ‫ه‬�‫ب‬ � �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬�‫ب‬ �‫م‬ � ‫ا‬� ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫س‬‫ل‬ � � �‫�م‬� � ‫ا‬ � ‫ل‬ � � ‫ا‬�‫م‬� ‫ه‬�‫ب‬ � �‫و‬��� � ‫ا‬ � ‫ه‬�‫ش‬ ‫�س‬�‫ا‬�‫ش‬ ‫��س‬‫ب‬�‫و‬�� ‫ج‬ �‫ا‬�‫ب‬ � ‫ب‬ � � ‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫س‬� �‫ب‬ �� ‫ب‬ ‫ح‬ �‫و‬�� ‫ع‬ � ‫ب‬ �� �� � �� � ‫ا‬ � ‫ه‬� � � � �‫ور‬�� ‫ب‬ �‫ب‬��‫ا‬�‫ب‬ � � ‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫�س‬ ��‫ل‬� � ‫ب‬ ‫س‬‫م‬� ‫و‬�� ‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � �‫ر‬ ‫ا‬��� �‫ب‬ �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫س‬‫م‬� ‫ب‬ �‫ا‬�‫ك‬ � ��‫آ‬ ‫ا‬‫و‬���� ‫ه‬�‫ب‬ �� � � �� ‫ص‬‫ل‬��� ‫ل‬� ‫م‬ �‫ا‬‫ر‬‫ل‬ � �� ‫ا‬ ‫م‬ � ‫ع‬�‫�د‬‫ب‬ �‫ع‬ � ‫س‬��‫ا‬�‫ب‬ �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫س‬‫م‬� ‫ع‬ ‫و‬� ‫ب‬ �� ‫ل‬��‫ك‬ � � �‫ل‬�� ‫و‬�� * ‫ه‬�‫ئ‬ ��‫ا‬‫ر‬� �� �‫ا‬ ‫م‬�� � � �� �� � �� � ‫ا‬�‫ب‬ � � ‫م‬� ‫و‬�� ‫م‬�� � � ��‫ر‬ ‫ا‬�� �� ‫ب‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ب‬ ‫س‬‫م‬� ‫ب‬ �‫و‬� ‫ب‬ ��‫ل‬ � � �‫ب‬� � ��‫س‬��� � ‫ا‬ � ‫ل‬ � � ‫و‬�� ‫ى‬ � �‫�د‬� ‫��س‬�‫ا‬�� �� ‫م‬�� � �� � ‫و‬� � ��‫ب‬ ‫ل‬� ‫م‬ � ‫ع‬� ‫و‬� ‫ب‬ ‫�ص‬ �� �‫ا‬�‫ب‬ � � ‫ا‬�‫م‬�‫ب‬ �‫ور‬�� * ‫م‬ � ‫ع‬�‫ر‬� �� ‫ب‬ ‫ع‬ � ‫ى‬ � ‫ل‬��‫ع‬ � ‫ل‬� ‫ب‬ ��� � ‫ب‬ ��‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫م‬�� � �� � ‫ك‬��‫ل‬� � ‫ب‬ ‫�د‬‫ب‬ ��‫و‬�� * � ‫ه‬�� �‫م‬�‫ا‬�‫ش‬ ‫��س‬‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ا‬�� ��‫د‬��‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ب‬ ‫ل‬ � � ‫ب‬ ‫�س‬ ��‫م‬�‫ل‬��‫س‬��‫م‬ � ‫ا‬� ‫ا‬ � �‫د‬‫ا‬�� �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬� ‫ب‬ � � � �� ‫ل‬�‫ب‬ � � ‫م‬�� � � ��‫ر‬ ‫ش‬ ‫��ص‬‫ا‬�� �‫س‬�‫و‬�� ‫ل‬����‫ا‬ ‫ع‬ �� �‫�م‬‫ب‬ ‫ح‬ � ‫ى‬ � ‫ب‬ ‫ل‬ � � ‫ب‬ ‫ر‬‫و‬�� � �� ‫ر‬‫ص‬�‫ر‬‫ص‬�‫ا‬ ‫ع‬ � ‫ب‬ �� �� � �� � ‫ا‬ � ‫ه‬� � � � �‫ور‬�� � � � ‫ل‬��‫ب‬ � � ‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫س‬‫��س‬‫ح‬ � ‫ى‬ � ‫ع‬�‫و‬�� � ‫ه‬� � ��‫ب‬ ‫ر‬‫�ص‬ � ‫ا‬� ‫ا‬ � ‫ب‬ ‫���د‬ ّ‫ب‬ �‫ا‬�‫ك‬ � �� ‫و‬�� * ‫م‬ � ‫ع‬�‫ر‬� �� ‫ب‬ ‫ع‬ � ‫ع‬ � � ‫ل‬�‫ر‬‫��ص‬ ‫م‬ ��� ‫ل‬�‫ك‬ � � �‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫س‬ ّ � ��‫ب‬ �� � ‫ه‬�‫ب‬ � � ‫ه‬�‫ل‬��‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬ ‫ج‬ �� �‫س‬�� � ‫ب‬ � � � ‫م‬�� � ‫ل‬��‫ك‬ � �� ‫و‬�� * � ‫ه‬�‫ل‬��‫م‬�‫ا‬�‫ب‬ � � ‫م‬� ‫و‬�� � ‫ه‬�� ��‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬�‫ب‬ � � ‫م‬� ‫ا‬� ‫ب‬ �� �� ��‫ا‬ ‫م‬�� � � �‫م‬�‫ا‬�� �‫ل‬� � ‫ب‬ �‫ا‬� ‫ب‬ � � � *‫ر‬‫�ص‬ � ‫م‬� ‫ه‬�‫ب‬��‫و‬�‫م‬����� � ‫ى‬ � �‫ب‬ ‫د‬��‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ع‬ ‫و‬�‫ب‬ ‫ص‬‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫���د‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬ ‫ل‬�� ��‫�م‬� � ‫م‬ � ‫ع‬�‫ر‬ ‫ش‬ ��� � �� ‫ا‬‫و‬�� * � ‫ه‬�� �‫ر‬ ‫ا‬�‫ط‬ �� � ‫م‬ � ‫ا‬� ‫ا‬‫و‬�� � ‫ه‬�� � � � ��‫ا‬�‫ب‬ ��‫م‬ � ‫ا‬� ‫ا‬ ‫و‬�‫ل‬��� � * ‫ب‬ �‫ا‬‫و‬� ‫ب‬ � � ‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬ * ‫ى‬ �‫ب‬ ‫ح‬ �‫ا‬�� � ‫ا‬ � ‫ل‬ � �‫ا‬�‫ب‬ �� ‫ه‬�‫ب‬ ‫س‬ ‫ش‬ ���‫ا‬‫و‬�‫ه‬�‫و‬�� ‫ب‬ �‫ا‬�‫ب‬ ‫���س‬‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ه‬�‫ب‬ ‫س‬ ‫ش‬ ��� � � � ‫ه‬�� � � � ��‫ا‬�‫ب‬ ��‫س‬� ‫ى‬ � ‫ع‬�‫و‬�� � �‫ر‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ا‬�‫ب‬ � � ‫م‬ � � ‫ا‬ ‫ه‬�‫ب‬��‫ا‬�‫ك‬ � �� ‫و‬�� * � �� �‫ا‬�� ��‫ب‬ ‫ل‬� ‫ا‬ � ‫ل‬ � � ‫ا‬ * ‫ا‬‫ر‬� � ‫ا‬�‫ش‬ ‫�س‬� ‫ب‬ ‫س‬‫ل‬ � � �� ‫ل‬ ‫ب‬ �‫ا‬‫و‬�� ‫ا‬�� ‫س‬ ‫ش‬ ��� ‫ه‬�‫ب‬ �‫م‬� ‫م‬�� � ‫ب‬ ��� ‫ل‬� ‫ب‬ �‫ا‬ ‫ه‬�‫ب‬ �‫ك‬ � � �‫�م‬� � ‫ا‬ � ‫ل‬ � � ‫ه‬�� � ‫ب‬ ‫ك‬ � � ‫ب‬ � ّ ‫ر‬‫�د‬� �� ‫�د‬ � � � � ‫ب‬ ‫س‬‫ل‬ � � �� ‫ل‬ ‫م‬ � � ‫ا‬� ‫ب‬ ‫س‬‫م‬� ‫ب‬ �‫ا‬� ‫ب‬ � � � ١٫٧٫٢ ٢٫٧٫٢ 117 117 Chapter 7 A Description of Cairo I am risen to my feet once more, praising and thanking God. Now, where are my pen and inkwell, that I may describe this happy city, which deserves the eulogies of all who behold it, for it is the home of good things, the motherlodeofbountyandmagnanimity ?Itspeoplearerefined,cultured,andkindto the stranger, and there’s such amiability in their speech that the grief-struck of getting any sadder need never be in danger. when they hail you, they regale you. when they salute you, they save you. After they’ve visited you, you can’t wait to see them once more, and when you visit them, they open to you their hearts, to say nothing of their door. As for their scholars, praise of them has spread to every quarter, leaving the rest dead in the water. In fact, their geniality, natural delicacy, modesty, and welcoming mien cannot be over-extolled, while, for every condition of men among them, there is an appropriate respectful salute, be they Christians or others. The latter address the former as “My Master,” and have no aversion to visiting them, mixing with them, or keeping company with them, in contrast with the custom of the Muslims of the Levant, and this a virtue to be credited to their account as against others. It seems that these traits, of high moral character and natural delicacy, are things ingrained in all the people of Cairo, for their common folk too are good-natured and courteous. All of them are eloquent and articulate, quickthinking and good at pleasant joking and joshing. Most have a liking for the kind of jokes they call anqāṭ, which are something like mujārazah, which is “a kind of joking back and forth that resembles mutual abuse,”95 and are almost a kind of puzzle, for anyone not trained in them will find it impossible to understand the slightest thing about them, even if he’s a poet. 2.7.1 2.7.2 [52.14.224.197] Project MUSE (2024-04-25 02:36 GMT) 118 118 ‫ر‬‫�ص‬ � ‫م‬� ‫ف‬ ��‫ص‬� �‫و‬�� ‫ي‬ � � ‫ف‬ � � � ‫ه‬� َ‫ب‬ ��َ ‫ل‬� �َ ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫س‬ َ ‫م‬َ � ‫ا‬� ‫ب‬ ‫س‬‫ل‬ � � �‫�م‬� � �� ‫ل‬� ‫ب‬ � � � * ‫ب‬ �‫و‬�� � � �� ‫ل‬ ‫ا‬�‫م‬� ‫ى‬ �‫ب‬ � � ‫ش‬ �‫س‬�� ‫ا‬ ‫م‬ � ‫ع‬�‫و‬�� ‫ا‬�‫ب‬ � ‫ب‬ ‫ع‬ �‫و‬�� � ‫ه‬�‫ع‬ � �� ‫ل‬�‫ب‬ � � ‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬‫و‬�� ‫و‬�‫ه‬ � ‫ل‬��‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬‫و‬�� ‫ع‬ ‫ا‬�‫م‬����‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ �‫ح‬ �� � ‫م‬�� � ‫ل‬��‫ك‬ � �� ‫و‬�� ‫ا‬�� � ‫�م‬ ‫ب‬ �‫ط‬ �� � � � ‫ا‬‫و‬�� * ‫ا‬�� �‫ب‬ �� ‫ب‬ � � �‫ب‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ا‬�� �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫س‬� � � � � ‫ط‬ �� �‫ب‬ �� ‫�ل‬ ‫د‬‫ا‬�‫ك‬ � � �� ‫ل‬ ‫ا‬�� � ‫ب‬ ��‫ا‬� ‫ب‬ � � � ‫م‬�� � � �� ‫ا‬ � ‫ل‬ � �‫آ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ك‬��‫ل‬� � ‫ب‬ ‫د‬�‫ل‬ � �� ‫و‬�� * �‫ر‬� ��‫ب‬ � �‫ب‬ ‫ل‬� ‫ب‬ �‫ر‬� �� �� �� ‫ب‬ �‫ا‬ ‫د‬‫ا‬�‫ك‬ � � �� ‫ل‬ ‫ب‬ �‫و‬�‫ب‬ ‫ص‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ك‬ � �‫و‬�� � � � �‫ر‬� �� � ‫د‬‫و‬���‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ �‫ر‬ ‫ب‬ ‫�ص‬ � ‫ى‬ � ‫ب‬ ‫ل‬ � � ‫م‬�� � �� � ‫و‬�� * ‫ى‬ � �‫ا‬�‫ب‬ �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬�‫ب‬ �� ‫م‬ � ‫ع‬�‫و‬�� ‫آ‬ ‫ا‬�‫ب‬ ‫س‬� �‫ع‬ � ‫ا‬ ّ ‫ل‬� � �� � �‫و‬�� ‫د‬‫و‬���‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬‫و‬�‫ه‬� ‫م‬ � ‫ع‬�‫�د‬‫ب‬ �‫ع‬ � � ‫ه‬� ‫ب‬ ‫ط‬ �� �‫ب‬ ��‫ل‬� � ‫ر‬� ‫ل‬‫ر‬‫ل‬ � � �� ‫ل‬ ‫و‬�‫ه‬�‫و‬�� * ‫دا‬��� �‫ا‬‫و‬�� ‫ا‬�� ‫س‬ ‫ش‬ ��� ‫م‬�� � ‫ئ‬ ��‫ا‬�‫ب‬ � ‫ب‬ ‫ع‬ � ‫ب‬ ‫س‬‫م‬� ّ ‫م‬ � ‫ب‬ ‫د‬ ُ ‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ب‬ ‫ل‬� ‫ا‬ ‫ر‬� �� ‫ب‬ ‫ع‬ � * � �‫ا‬�‫ب‬ ‫س‬ ّ � �‫ب‬ � �‫م‬ � ‫ا‬� ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫س‬‫م‬� ‫ب‬ �‫و‬�� � � �� ‫ل‬ * ‫م‬ ��� ‫ل‬�‫ك‬ � � �‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ب‬�‫س‬ �‫س‬� � � ‫ب‬ ‫د‬��‫ل‬� � ‫ع‬ �‫س‬�‫ا‬�‫س‬��‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫�د‬� �� ‫ب‬ ��� ‫ل‬� ‫ى‬ � � �‫ح‬ � � �‫��دد‬ �� �‫م‬� ‫ا‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ر‬‫ص‬� ‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ّ ‫و‬�‫م‬� ‫و‬�� ‫ا‬ � �� ��‫ب‬ �� ‫ب‬ ‫س‬‫م‬� � �‫د‬��� �‫ا‬‫و‬�� ‫س‬�� ‫ب‬ �‫و‬� � �� ‫ل‬����‫ا‬ � ‫ه‬�� �� � ‫ل‬�‫ر‬� �� � ‫ك‬��‫ل‬� � ‫ب‬ ‫د‬ ‫س‬��‫ك‬ � � �‫س‬ �‫ب‬ ‫ل‬�‫و‬�� * ‫ب‬ ‫س‬ ‫ب‬ �‫ع‬�‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ل‬��‫ع‬ � ‫ب‬ ‫�س‬ ��‫ل‬�� ّ‫ب‬ ��‫ط‬ �� �� �‫م‬ � ‫ا‬� ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫س‬‫م‬� ‫ك‬��‫ل‬� � ‫ب‬ ‫د‬ ‫ب‬ �‫و‬�� � � �� ‫ل‬ ‫ا‬�‫م‬� ‫ر‬ ‫ش‬ ��� � �� ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫س‬‫ل‬ � � �‫ل‬�� ‫و‬�� * ‫س‬��‫ل‬� � ‫�د‬‫ب‬�� ‫ا‬ � ‫ل‬ � � ‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ب‬ ‫ل‬ � � ‫ب‬ �‫ر‬‫ع‬ �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ � ‫ه‬�� �� � ‫ل‬�‫ر‬� �� � � �‫ب‬��‫ا‬�‫ك‬ � ��‫ا‬�� � ‫ب‬ ��‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ �‫و‬�‫م‬�� �‫ب‬ ‫�ر‬ ‫ل‬ ‫م‬ � ‫ع‬�‫و‬�� * ‫ل‬�� ��� ‫�ل‬‫ر‬ � ��‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬�‫ب‬ �� ‫ه‬�‫ب‬ ‫س‬ ‫ش‬ ���‫ا‬ ‫م‬ � ‫ع‬� ‫آ‬ ‫ا‬�‫ب‬ � ‫ب‬ ‫ع‬ � ‫ب‬ �‫ا‬� ‫ب‬ � � � ‫ج‬ ‫ب‬ � ‫ه‬� ‫ب‬ �‫م‬� ‫ب‬ ‫�س‬ ��‫ب‬ � � ‫ع‬� ‫ا‬�‫ب‬ �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫م‬ ��� ‫ل‬�‫س‬�� ‫ا‬ � ‫ل‬ � � ‫ا‬ ‫د‬�� ‫ل‬�‫ب‬ �� ‫ى‬ � ‫ب‬ ‫ل‬ � � ‫ب‬ ‫س‬� ‫ل‬‫د‬‫و‬��� � ‫و‬�‫م‬ � ‫ا‬� ‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � �‫ر‬ ‫ا‬��� �‫ب‬ �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ �‫ا‬ ‫ا‬�‫ب‬ �‫�ع‬ ‫ر‬‫ل‬ � ��‫ب‬ ‫�د‬� �� ‫ب‬ �‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ب‬ ‫ع‬ � ‫ب‬ � ‫ب‬ ��� �� ‫ا‬�‫م‬�‫م‬� ‫و‬�� ‫ل‬� � �� ‫م‬�‫ب‬ ‫ح‬ � ‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬‫و‬�� ‫ب‬ �‫د‬ ‫ا‬ � ‫ل‬ � � ‫ا‬‫و‬�� � ‫ه‬�� �‫ا‬��� � ‫ب‬ ��‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ب‬ ‫ل‬ � � ‫م‬�� � ‫ب‬ ��‫و‬��‫د‬ ‫ا‬‫�د‬‫ب‬ ��‫ا‬ ‫م‬ � ‫ع‬� � � � � �� ‫ل‬�‫ب‬ � � ‫ا‬ � ‫ل‬ � � ‫ا‬‫و‬�� � �‫ا‬‫د‬‫ا‬�� �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ب‬ ‫ل‬ � � ‫ب‬ ‫�س‬ ��‫م‬�‫ل‬��‫س‬��‫م‬ � ‫ا‬� ‫ا‬ ‫ع‬ �‫ئ‬ ‫ل‬�‫ا‬�‫ب‬ ‫��س‬ � �� � ‫ا‬‫و‬�� � �‫ر‬ ‫ا‬�‫ب‬ � � � �‫ل‬‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬‫و‬�� ‫ر‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ع‬�‫س‬��‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ل‬��‫ع‬ � ‫م‬�� � ‫ب‬ �‫م‬� � �� � ‫ش‬ ‫م‬�� ‫ب‬ �‫ا‬ ‫م‬�� � ‫ب‬ ��‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ � ‫ل‬ � � ‫ا‬ * � ‫ه‬� ‫ب‬ � � � ‫ا‬� ‫ب‬ ‫ط‬ �� �‫ب‬ �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬‫و‬�� � ‫ه‬� ‫ب‬ � � � ‫ا‬‫ر‬ ‫ب‬ � �� � �� � ‫ا‬‫و‬�� � ‫ه‬�‫س‬��‫ا‬�� �‫ل‬ � � �‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬‫و‬�� � ‫ه‬�‫ع‬ � ‫ا‬�‫ب‬ � � ‫ك‬ � � ‫ل‬����‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫�س‬ ��‫م‬�‫ل‬��‫س‬��‫م‬ � ‫ا‬� ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ �‫ا‬ ‫ك‬��‫ل‬� � ‫ب‬ ‫د‬‫و‬�� * � ‫ه‬� � � � � ‫ا‬�‫ش‬ ‫��س‬‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬�‫م‬�� � ‫ا‬ � ‫ل‬ � � ‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ط‬ �� �‫ا‬�� �� ‫ل‬� ‫ى‬ � ‫ل‬��‫ع‬ � ‫ا‬‫د‬�� َ ‫ل‬�� َ ‫ب‬ � �‫و‬�� ‫ا‬�‫م‬�‫ا‬‫�د‬ � � � � ‫ا‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ش‬ ��� � �� ‫ا‬‫و‬�� * � ‫ه‬�‫ب‬ ‫س‬� � ‫ب‬ ‫ح‬ � ‫ب‬ �‫ل‬‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬ ‫ل‬�� ��‫ب‬ � � ‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬ � ‫ه‬�� ‫س‬‫ب‬ � � ‫ك‬ � �‫و‬�� * � ‫ه‬�‫ب‬ ‫س‬� �‫ح‬ �‫ر‬‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ا‬�� ��‫د‬��‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫د‬‫ا‬�‫ب‬ � � � � ‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬ ‫م‬ �� � ‫ب‬ � �� � � � �‫ر‬ ‫ش‬ ‫��ص‬ ‫ى‬ � �‫ر‬ ‫ا‬��� �‫ب‬ �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ب‬ ‫ل‬ � �‫و‬�� ‫���د‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ور‬�� ‫ب‬ ‫س‬� ��‫ل‬� � ‫و‬�‫م‬� � �‫م‬ � � ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫س‬‫م‬� ‫ى‬ � ‫ب‬ ‫ل‬� ‫ا‬‫ر‬‫�ص‬ � ‫ب‬ �� ‫ر‬‫ا‬‫د‬ � �‫ل‬��‫ب‬ � �‫د‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫د‬‫ا‬� ‫ب‬ � � � * ‫ا‬�� � �� � ّ ‫د‬��� � ‫ا‬ � ‫ل‬ � � ‫ر‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ح‬ �‫ا‬�‫ب‬ ��‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ع‬ ‫ا‬�� �‫م‬ � ‫ا‬� ‫ا‬‫و‬�� � ‫ه‬�� ‫���س‬ ‫ب‬ ��‫ب‬ �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬‫ر‬‫ع‬�‫ا‬‫و‬� ‫ب‬ � � ‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬‫و‬�� ‫ا‬�‫م‬� ‫ى‬ � ‫ل‬�� ‫ب‬ ‫ع‬ � ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫س‬‫م‬� ‫ب‬ ‫ع‬ � ‫ب‬ ‫س‬� �‫ل‬��‫ل‬� � � ‫ه‬�‫ب‬ ‫��س‬ � � � � � ‫ب‬ ‫س‬� ‫ل‬‫ر‬ ‫ش‬ ‫ع��ص‬ � ‫و‬�� � ‫ب‬ �‫و‬�� ‫ب‬ ‫�س‬ ��‫م‬�‫د‬‫ا‬�‫ب‬ � �‫و‬�� ‫م‬ �‫د‬‫ا‬‫و‬� ‫ب‬ � � � �‫ع�د‬ � �‫�د‬‫ب‬ �‫ع‬ � � �� ��‫ا‬‫ر‬ ‫ر‬‫�ص‬ � ‫�م‬‫ب‬� ‫ب‬ ‫س‬‫��س‬‫ح‬ �‫ا‬�‫ب‬ �� � �‫ا‬�‫ش‬ ‫�س‬�‫و‬��‫ر‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ع‬�‫س‬� � �‫ا‬� ‫ب‬ � � �‫ر‬ ‫ب‬ � � 1‫ش‬ �‫ل‬��‫ش‬ ‫ل‬�‫و‬�� * � ‫ه‬�‫ب‬ ‫س‬� �‫م‬� ‫ش‬ �‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬ ‫ل‬�� ��‫ل‬ � ���‫ا‬‫ر‬ ‫ا‬ � ‫ل‬ � � ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫س‬‫م‬� ‫ا‬�� � ‫ب‬ ���� � ‫ب‬ �� ‫ر‬‫�د‬ � � � �‫و‬�� * ‫ب‬ �‫و‬�� � � �� ‫ل‬ � ‫ه‬�� �‫ل‬� � ��‫ع‬ � � �‫ر‬‫��ص‬‫ا‬‫و‬�� * � ‫ه‬�� � ‫ئ‬ � ‫ا‬‫ر‬‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬‫و‬�� ‫ب‬ �‫ا‬‫ر‬ ‫ش‬ ‫��ص‬‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬‫و‬�� ‫م‬ �‫ا‬�� �‫ل‬ ‫ط‬ �� � ‫ل‬��‫ل‬� � � ‫ه‬� ‫ب‬ �� � ‫ب‬ � � � � ‫ه‬�� �‫ب‬ ‫�ل‬ ‫آ‬ ‫ا‬‫و‬�� * ‫ش‬ ‫س‬��‫ا‬�‫م‬� � ��‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫س‬‫م‬� ‫ب‬ �‫و‬�� � � �� ‫ل‬ ‫ا‬�‫م‬� ‫ا‬�� ��‫ر‬ � ��‫ش‬ ‫��س‬‫م‬� ‫ب‬ �‫ا‬‫و‬��� � ‫و‬�� * ‫ا‬�‫ب‬ ��‫ا‬� � �‫ل‬ � ����‫�د‬‫ب‬ �‫ع‬ � ‫د‬��‫ب‬ � � � � �� ‫ل‬� ‫ب‬ � � � ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫���د‬ ‫ع‬ �‫س‬�‫و‬�� * ‫ك‬��‫ل‬� � ‫ب‬ ‫د‬ ‫ر‬� �� ‫ب‬ ‫ع‬ �‫و‬�� � �‫ر‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ح‬ �‫ا‬� ‫ب‬ � � � ‫ا‬�‫ب‬ ��‫ا‬�� �‫ش‬ ‫�ل‬‫و‬�� � ‫ه‬�‫ئ‬ ‫س‬� �� �� �‫و‬�� ‫ع‬ �‫ب‬ ‫ل‬�‫بر‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ب‬ ‫ل‬� ‫ا‬‫ر‬‫�ص‬ �‫ب‬ �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ � ‫ه‬�‫ع‬ � ‫ا‬� ‫ب‬ �� �‫ب‬ �� ‫ب‬ ‫س‬‫م‬� ‫س‬� � ‫ب‬ � �‫ر‬‫ا‬ �‫ر‬‫ع‬ �‫�س‬� ‫د‬��‫ب‬ � �‫و‬��� � ‫م‬ � ‫ل‬ ��‫س‬��‫م‬� ‫ر‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ح‬ �‫ا‬�� �� ‫ب‬ ‫س‬‫م‬� ‫ا‬�� ‫س‬ ‫ش‬ ��� ‫ى‬ � �‫ر‬ � ��‫ش‬ ‫��س‬� � ‫ب‬ �‫ا‬ ‫ء‬‫ا‬�‫ش‬ ‫�س‬� * ‫آ‬ ‫ا‬� ‫ب‬ ��‫ر‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ع‬ �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � �‫ر‬ ‫ا‬��� �‫ب‬ �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫�د‬‫ب‬ �‫ع‬ � ‫ب‬ �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬�‫ب‬ � �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ب‬ ‫ل‬ � � ‫و‬�‫ه‬� ‫ا‬�‫م‬� ‫ب‬ �‫ا‬ � ‫ه‬���‫ا‬‫ر‬ ‫ش‬ ‫��ص‬‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ � ‫ب‬ ‫���د‬ ‫د‬‫و‬� ‫ب‬ � �‫و‬�� ‫ب‬ ‫س‬‫ل‬ � � �‫ل‬�� ‫و‬�� * ‫ب‬ ‫س‬‫�م‬ ‫ش‬ �‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬ ‫ر‬‫�ص‬ � ‫م‬� � ‫ه‬�‫ل‬� � ‫و‬��‫د‬ ‫ا‬�‫م‬�‫ا‬ * ‫م‬�� � ‫ب‬ �‫م‬�‫ر‬ ‫ب‬ � � � �‫س‬‫م‬ � � ‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ط‬ �� �‫ا‬�� �� ‫ل‬� ‫ب‬ ‫س‬‫م‬� ّ ‫ل‬� � �� � �‫و‬�� * ‫ب‬ ‫�س‬ ��‫م‬�‫ل‬��‫س‬��‫م‬ � ‫ا‬� ‫ا‬�‫ب‬ �� ‫ه‬�‫ب‬ ‫س‬ ‫ش‬ ���‫ا‬ ‫م‬�� � ‫ب‬ ��‫ا‬� ‫ب‬ � � � � �� �‫ب‬ � � ‫ع‬�‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬�‫م‬�‫ا‬� ‫ب‬ � � � * ‫د‬��‫ب‬ � � ‫م‬ � � ‫ا‬ ‫و‬�� ‫م‬ �‫ر‬‫ل‬ � � �‫ل‬�� ‫ا‬‫و‬�� ‫ر‬ ‫ب‬ � � ‫ب‬ ����� ‫ا‬ ‫و‬�� ّ‫ب‬ ‫ر‬‫ع‬ �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬‫و‬�� � ‫ه‬�� �‫ب‬ �� ‫ا‬ � ‫ل‬ � � ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫س‬‫م‬� ‫ا‬�� �‫ل‬��� �‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ � �‫و‬��‫ر‬ ‫ب‬ ‫د‬��‫ل‬� � ‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ � ‫ب‬ ‫ل‬ � � � �‫ب‬��‫ا‬�‫ك‬ � ��‫ا‬�� � ‫ب‬ ��‫ا‬� ‫ب‬ � � � ‫ك‬‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫د‬ ‫ب‬ ‫د‬‫ا‬ . ‫ي‬ ��‫ل‬��‫ش‬ � :1855 1 ٣٫٧٫٢ ٤٫٧٫٢ ٥٫٧٫٢ 119 119 A Description of Cairo (2) All of them love music, amusements, and license, and their singing is the most tuneful possible; anyone who gets used to it finds that no other can move him. Similarly, their instruments seem almost to give tongue to the one who plays them, the most important being the lute, while they pay scant attention to the reed flute. They have methods and styles of playing the lute that seem almost to belong to the world of the divine mysteries. I would criticize their singing for one thing only, which is that they repeat a single word of a line of verse or a mawwāl so many times that the listener loses the pleasure of the meaning. However, this is mostly to be found among those who merely sponge off the art. At the opposite pole you have the method of the people of Tunis, whose singing is closer to chant; they claim that this was the way of the Arabs of al-Andalus. It has to be stated here that the Christians native to the Islamic lands, who follow the Muslims in their customs and morality, are always inferior to them in the chasteness of their language, in literature, in aesthetics, in intelligence, in sophistication, and in cleanliness. They are, however, more active than them in travel, trading, and manufacturing, and bolder and more steadfast in taking on difficult tasks. This is because Muslims are a nation of self-denial and abnegation while Christians have an insatiable appetite for territorial expansion, not to mention the acquisition of pure-bred horses, precious gems, and luxury goods. If you enter the house of a wealthy Christian in Cairo, you’ll find he has both serving women and serving men, around twenty tobacco pipes of the most expensive kind (half of them valuable waterpipes), three rooms upholstered in the best materials, silver vessels for eating and drinking, along with smooth, high beds, luxurious clothes, and so forth, and yet, for all that, not a single book. Also, if someone wants to buy something from a Muslim trader, he’ll find it costs him twenty-five percent less than the Christian’s goods. This avarice is, however, found, for the most part, only among foreign Christians. The Copts are more like the Muslims, and few of them practice trade. As...

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