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>> 195 Appendix A Sample Protocol for Student Participants Interview Protocol: Current Phase Student (1988–2003) Segment One: Opening Narrative 1. Community Context Were you born in Shaker Heights? [if not, probe for where moved from and what year] How would you describe the community of Shaker Heights? 2. School Context What elementary school did you attend? How would you describe your elementary school? How would you describe Woodbury? [probe for dimensions of experience, such as favorite teachers, opportunities they accessed and those they did not, meaningful learning experiences, adult and peer relationships that facilitated their academic success, and those relationships and educational policies and practices that constrained educational opportunity] How would you describe the middle school? High School Context: Mapping the Social Landscape The remaining questions in this interview will deal with your high school experience. However, if you have an experience at the elementary school level or junior high school level that relates to any of these questions, please bring it up. It’s not a digression and it will likely contribute to the wide range of experiences you talk about during the interview. [Keep narrative moving—use materials to generate stories about self and other in the social landscape of high school.] 196 > 197 Relation of Self to Other Groups in School Think about your own experience in school. Are there groups of students already on this map that you had contact with and/or were socially affiliated with? Use these “sticky” notes labeled “self” and put these on the map near the groups you had contact with or with whom you socially affiliated. Are there additional groups of students, which are not already on this map, that you had contact with and/or were socially affiliated with? [Add groups.] [Place “self” label beside groups in relationship with self.] Group Influence In looking at this map of the high school, could you talk about what kind of influence you think some or all of these groups of students , educators, and parents had in the high school at the time you attended it? By influence I mean the strength of their voices or opinions in the decision making of the school. While all of these groups made up the school, some of them were likely to exert more influence in school activities, policy decisions, the way the school was presented to the larger public, and the overall direction of the school. Could you indicate from among these groups of students, which group or groups were the most influential: in terms of policy decisions and the activities/direction of the school? [red pipe cleaner] in terms of influencing their peers? [blue pipe cleaner] Racial Makeup of Groups In looking at this map of the high school, and the student groups that you have identified, what can you tell me about the racial makeup of these groups—were they predominantly African American? White? Racially mixed? [Apply stickers to circles to identify the groups’ racial makeup.] 3. Sense of Connection to Racial Ingroup (Self-Identified) Part of my interest is in the relationship between groups of people and how strongly connected people feel to each other. 198 > 199 Using this set of circles depicted on the previous page, what set of circles would you select that best represents the strength of your own sense of connection with _____________ [name other racial group]? Where in school are you most likely to share these connections? Segment Two: Questions of Greater Specificity Let’s talk a little more specifically about your experience as a student in the high school, class of __________. 5. Expectations Think about your parents’ expectations for you as a student in the high school. What goals do they expect you to have reached by the time you graduate? How much do you think that the high school shares the same expectations as your parents did for you? ☐ very much ☐ a good amount ☐ some ☐ a little ☐ none 6. Educational Opportunities I want to ask you about educational opportunities for you in the high school. Educational opportunities provide students with the kind of teaching , courses, and opportunities to study and discuss academic work with their peers that is necessary to prepare them, academically and socially, for college and a career. Educational opportunities include academic classes and extracurricular activities. How much have you benefited from the opportunities available in school? ☐ a great deal ☐ a good amount ☐ some ☐ a little ☐ none Could tell me what educational opportunities in particular you have benefited from and in...

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