War or Peace?: Nationalism, Democracy, and American Foreign Policy in Post- Communist Europe

INDEX

I N D E X Abkhazia, 23-24, 193 Abkhazians, 16, 23-24, 25 Afghanistan, 1 0 Agenda for Peace, 207 Akashi, Yasushi, 111 Albania, 20-21, 65, 143-44; and partition , 147 Albanian General Party, 65 Albanians, 16, 60; in Kosovo, 20-21, 57, 143; in former Yugoslavia, 58-59 tables 2.1-2.2, 62 map 1 Alliance of Free Democrats (Hungary), 168 Alliance of Reform Forces , 161 Almond, Gabriel, 130 Antall, Jozsef, 16-1 7 Arafat, Yasir, 114 Armenia, 21-23 Armenians, 16, 21-23, 32 Arms embargo, 104 Asia, 183 Aspin, Les, 102, 202 Association of Slovak Workers, 20 Atlantic Cooperation Council, 207 Austria, 71, 72; and EU, 148; and NATO, 202; refugees in, 236 n. 65 Austro-Hungarian Empire , 16, 30 Authoritarianism, 11 , 40; renewed, 181 Autocracy, 30 Azerbaijan, 21-23, 24, 134 Azerbaijanis, 16 , 32; and nuclear weapons , 2 Badinter, Robert, 80, 212 Badinter Commission, 81, 82-83 Baker, James, 70, 78-79; and BosniaHerzegovina , 88, 89-90, 91 Balkans, 9, 186; and partition, 148 . See also under specific countries Baltic states, 6, 35-36, 143; and consociationalism , 154; and CSCE, 49-50; Russians in, 193. See also under specific republics Barry, Brian, 154 BBC (British Broadcasting Company), 239 n. 151 Belgium, 153 , 197 Belgrade, 40, 60, 61, 69, 70, 71, 83, 86, 91 Bihac, 115 Boban, Mate, 96-97 Bosnia, 20, 65, 118, 122-23, 145-46, 172, 222, 236 n. 61 "Bosniacs," 112 Bosnia-Herzegovina, 65, 69, 78, 121-22, 125, 145, 172, 221; and consociation alism , 154, 155; and EC, 81-82; electoral system in, 160-61 , 162; ethnic groups in, 58-59 tables 2.1-2.2, 6061 , 63 map 2, 134-36, 138; and ICFY, 96-119; independent statehood of , 82-94; national income in, 140; and NATO, 205-6; and nuclear weapons, 2; and partition, 146-48 , 171; Serbs in, 143, 19 3 Bosnian Croats, 96-97, 98 Bosnian Muslims, 16, 96-97, 122 Bosnian Serb army, 86, 236 n. 61 Bosnian Serb Assembly, 82 Bosnian Serbs, 96-97, 122-24, 206 Boutros-Ghali, Boutros, 92, 93 Bratislava, 193 Brioni Agreement, 74, 75-76, 84 Bucharest, 193 Budapest, 60, 168, 169, 188, 193 Bulgarians, 62 map 1 Bush, George, 91 Bush administration, 214, 222; and Bosnia -Herzegovina, 89, 93, 102; and Vance-Owen Plan, 101 ; and Yugoslavia , former, 67, 73 249 250 I Index Capitalism, 178 Carrington, Lord, 77-78, 83, 85; and Bosnia-Herzegovina, 91-92, 93 Carter, Jimmy, 115 Caucasus, 6, 9, 193, 212; economic assistance to, 176; ethnic violence in, 2127 , 143; and partition, 148 . See also under specific countries CDU. See Croatian Democratic Union Central Europe, 202-3 Central European University, 188 Charter of Paris for a New Europe, 48 Chechen, 16 , 25, 132 Chechnya, 6; conflict in, 24-25 Christian Democratic Party (Hungary), 168 Christian Democrats (Slovenia), 166 Christopher, Warren, 214; and BosniaHerzegovina , 103-4 , 104-5 Civic culture, 130 Civic Forum-Public against Violence, 171 Civil liberties, and ICFY, 95 Clinton, Bill, 101; and Bosnia-Herzegovina , 102-3; and Latvia, 35 Clinton administration, 214, 222; and Bosnia-Herzegovina, 109 , 111, 114, 116, 117, 205-6; and Vance-Owen Plan, 104-5; and Yugoslavia, former , 123 Coalition Party-Rural Union (Estonia) , 170 Cold War, 119,20 1 Coleman, James, 163-64 Committee of Senior Officials (CSO) , 48, 71, 208 Communications networks, 189-90 Conference on Yugoslavia (EC), 79, 80, 81,84, 122,21 3 Conflict. See Ethnic conflict Conflict Prevention Center, 48, 71 Congress of Estonia, 34 Consociationalism, 129 , 132, 150, 15357 Contact Group, 114, 115, 124-25, 146 Copenhagen conference, 29, 149 Copenhagen Document of the CSCE, 196, 198 Council of Europe, 51, 158, 204; admission to, 214; and human rights , 211 Council of Ministers, 149 Council of the CSCE Ministers of Foreign Affairs, 48 Crimea, 37-38, 148 Crimean Tatars, 38 Crisana-Maramures, 17 Croatia, 40, 64-66, 83, 84, 86, 121, 145 ; and Bosnia-Herzegovina, 85, 87, 89, 109, 116, 118; and consociationalism , 154; and EC, 81; election in, 170-72; ethnic groups in, 58-59 tables 2.12 .2; and exclusionary laws, 159; and human rights, 211; independent statehood of, 68-82; national income in, 140; and partition, 147-48 ; politics in, 169; refugees in, 167, 236 n. 65; Serbs in, 57, 126, 133-35, 193; violence in, 133-37, 139, 140 Croatian Democratic Union (CDU), 64, 65, 161, 170-72 Croatian irregular forces, 86, 236 n. 61 Croatian Krajina, 65, 143. See also Krajina Croatian-Serbian settlement, 76...