Ghosts of Jim Crow: Ending Racism in Post-Racial America

Contents

vii vii Contents Acknowledgments ix Preface 1 Introduction: Understanding the Racial Paradigm 25 Part I: Creating the Paradigm: Racial Hierarchy . Constructing Racial Categories from the Nation’s Founding to the Civil War 45 . Maintaining White Dominance during Reconstruction 63 . Preventing Black Excellence between Plessy and Brown 85 Part II: Sustaining the Paradigm: White Isolation and Black Separation and Subordination . Maintaining Racial Segregation in Schools and Neighborhoods from Brown to the 21st Century 119 . Victimizing Blacks in the 21st Century 141 Part III: Ending the Paradigm: Building a Post-Racial America . Black Empowerment and Self-Help 181 . Integration and Equality 201 Notes 223 Table of Cases 301 Index 305 About the Author 316 This page intentionally left blank ...