Lives in the Balance: Asylum Adjudication by the Department of Homeland Security

Index

>> 269 Index age. See applicants; asylum officers; filing deadline applicants age, 22, 24 countries of origin, 19–22 dependents, 22, 24, 121–124 entered without inspection, 25–26 gender, 21, 23, 124–125 gender and dependents, 125 gender and religion, 125–127 inspected, 25–26 inspected v. uninspected, 127–133 region of origin, 18–19 religion, 22, 23 representation, 22, 25, 133–142 application process, 7–15 asylum eras, 101–120 asylum officers, 9–10 age, 27, 28 born abroad, 29 dependents, 29 education, 28, 32–33 ethnicity, 27, 30, 31 gender, 27, 30 grant rate variations within offices, 163–175 grant rates and ethnicity, 180–184 grant rates and gender, 178–179 grant rates and legal education, 184–188 grant rates and number of cases previously decided, 189–192 grant rates and prior government service, 179–180 languages other than English, 29 length of service, 30–31 marital status, 27 marital status and grant rates, 192–193 prior experience, 29 state of birth and grant rates, 192, 194–196 asylum offices, 9 catchment areas, ii, 225–226 Chicago, 164–165 dependents, 162 grant rate variations, 143–144 grant rate variations and 2001 terrorist attacks, 158–160 grant rate variations and applicant selfselection , 155–156 grant rate variations and caseloads, 154 grant rate variations and circuit courts of appeal, 154–155 grant rate variations and fraud, 156–158 grant rate variations and human rights, 145–146 grantratevariationsandnationality,147–153 grant rate variations and preparers, 156 grant rate variations and representation, 160–162 grant rate variations and supervisory directives, 153–154 New York office, 164–165 Newark office, 165–167 Cameroonian asylum applicants, asylum offices, 147–148, 151 Chinese asylum applicants, asylum offices, 171–173 Colombian asylum applicants, asylum offices, 149, 151 databases, 17 asylum officers, 30, 177 denials credibility, 37 officers’ perceived reliability of evidence, 37–39 dependents. See applicants; asylum officers; asylum offices Ethiopian asylum applicants Arlington asylum office, 169–171 asylum offices, 148, 151 filing deadline, 41–48 age, 62–64 asylum offices, 66–68 enactment, 41–43 entered without inspection, 52–53 270 << index filing deadline (continued) estimate of bona fide refugees rejected, 93–99 gender, 60–63 how late, 52 inspected v. uninspected, 64–66 magnitude of lateness, 49–51, 76–77 nationality, 54–60 officers’ reasons for exceptions, 72–73 officers’ role in developing exceptions, 71 outcome by fiscal year, 73–75 percentage late, 50–51 rejected, 69–99 rejection rate disparities within asylum offices, 91–93 rejection rates, 73–92 rejection rates by age, 76, 78 rejection rates by asylum offices, 89–91 rejection rates by dependents, 78 rejection rates by fiscal year, 75–76 rejection rates by gender, 76 rejection rates by nationality, 82–86 rejection rates by region of origin, 80–82 rejection rates by religion, 86–89 rejection rates by representation, 78–80 representation, 53–54 future research, 192–193 gender. See applicants; asylum officers; filing deadline grant rates, 101–120 by fiscal year, 102–103 by fiscal year and gender, 110–113 by historical era, 105–106 by historical era and human rights, 107–108 impact of 2001 terrorist attacks, 113–117 impact of REAL ID Act, 117–120 grounds for asylum, officers’ estimates of claims granted, 33–34 Haitian asylum applicants, Miami asylum office, 171 Indian asylum applicants, San Francisco asylum office, 170–171 Indonesian asylum applicants, asylum offices, 150–152 inspected entry. See applicants persecution, officers’ estimates of past persecution , 35–36 persecutors, officers’ estimates of government persecution, 35 REAL ID Act, 117–120 recommendations allow officers more time to make decisions , 217–218 eliminate the filing deadline, 198–206, 213–215 increase opportunities for officer interaction , 218–219 keep additional statistics, 219–223 provide free legal services for indigent applicants, 216–217 require law degree for new officers, 215–216 region of origin. See applicants rejection rates. See filing deadline religion. See applicants representation. See applicants; asylum offices Russian asylum applicants, asylum offices, 150–151 Somali asylum applicants, asylum offices, 149, 151 terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, 113–117 asylum offices, 158–160 A companion website for this book at http://www.law.georgetown.edu/ humanrightsinstitute/LivesInTheBalance includes the original data sets on which the studies in this book were based, a Methodological Appendix to the book, and other supplemental materials. ...