Characters of Blood: Black Heroism in the Transatlantic Imagination

Notes

375 ] notes preface 1. Qtd. in Holt, “Primitives.” 2. Pinder, “Our Father,” 227. 3. Hunton and Johnson, Two Colored, 233. 4. La Roche and Blakey, “Seizing,” 84. 5. Rothstein, “Burial.” 6. Higginson, Black, 165. 7. Powell, Cutting, 12. 8. Anon., “Fears,” 35. 9. Qtd. in Berlin, “After Nat,” 150. 10. Douglass, “Mission,” 4 11. Baraka, “Fearful Symmetry,” 37. 12. Ibid., 38. 13. Ibid. 14. Dial, I Am a Man, I Always Am (1994), http://www.artnet.com/ artwork/424459225/423841944/i-am-a -man-i-always-am.html. 15. hooks, Art, 4. introduction 1. Brown, “Visit,” 70. 2. Ibid., 70–71. 3. Ibid., 71. 4. Ibid., 71, 71–72. 5. Caulkins, Stone, 59–60. 6. Qtd. in Kaplan and Kaplan, Black, 56. Unfortunately, the authors provide no citation for the quotation. 7. Wood, Terrible. 8. Wood, Horrible, 126, 109. 9. Du Bois, Correspondence, 64. 10. Conrad, Harriet, v. 11. Foster, Witnessing, xxix. 12. Jacobs, Incidents, 317. 13. Bradford, Harriet, the Moses, 96. 14. Carby, Race Men, 129. 15. Carlyle, On Heroes, 3, 4. 16. Carlyle, “Occasional,” 308. 17. Emerson, “Heroism,” 228. 18. Ibid., 229. 19. Ibid., 234. 20. Emerson, “Character,” 774. 21. Carlyle, Chartism, 60. 22. Kaplan, “Black Heroes,” 34. 23. Abrahams, “Some Varieties,” 341. 24. Kaplan, “Black Heroes,” 34. 25. Bryant, Victims, 3. 26. Lambert, “Blood and Dream,” 353. 27. Ibid., 354. 28. Cubitt, introduction to Heroic Reputations, 2. 29. Ibid., 3. 30. Ibid., 7. 31. Roberts, Trickster, 1. 32. Van Deburg, New Day, 4 33. Moses, Black, xi. 34. Baldwin, To Make, 26. 35. See Cone, Martin & Malcolm. 36. As the diverse materials examined in this book demonstrate, eighteenthand nineteenth-century developments in print cultures and burgeoning forms of reproductive technologies were integral both to the marketing of these historical figures and to their experimental strategies of self-representation (see Lapsansky, “Graphic Discord”; Newman, “Writing”; DeLombard, “African American ”; and Wood, Blind; Wood, Exploding ; Wood, Terrible). 37. Quilts of Gee’s Bend Catalog. 38. Walker, Everyday. 376 ] notes to pages 25–59 39. Bernier, African American, 93ff. 40. Ibid., 2. 41. Douglass to Henry C. Wright, 189. 42. Hughes, “Need,” 225. 1. “i shed my blood” 1. Ellison, “Mister Toussan,” 26. 2. Ibid., 22. 3. Ibid., 25, 26. 4. Wood, Slavery, 257. 5. Belasco, “Harriet Martineau’s,” 175. 6. Forsdick, “Travelling,” 152. 7. Parkinson, Gilded, 71. 8. Kaplan, “Black Heroes,” 35, 36. 9. Ibid., 52–53. 10. Honour, Image, 106. 11. Pierrot, “Our Hero,” 584. 12. Wilson, Specters, 146; Ethiop, “Afric-American,” 87. 13. Ethiop, “Afric-American,” 87. 14. Reproduced in Daguillard, Enigmatic , 13, 22. 15. Ibid., 7. 16. Ibid., 9. 17. Ibid. 18. Ibid. 19. Aravamudan, Tropicopolitans, 303. 20. Daguillard, Enigmatic, 21. 21. Rainsford, Historical, 252–53. 22. Daguillard, Enigmatic, 21. 23. Powell, Cutting, 60. 24. Daguillard, Enigmatic, 21. 25. Ibid., 21, 15, 32. 26. Parkinson, Gilded, 71. 27. Daguillard, Enigmatic, 29, 49. 28. Hopkins, Daughter, 14. 29. Elliott, St. Domingo, 26. 30. Nesbitt, Toussaint, xxiii. 31. Beard, Life, 296–329. 32. Dubois, Avengers, 173. 33. Parkinson, Gilded, 61. 34.James,Black Jacobins(1938),129,168. 35. Jenson, “Kidnapping(s),” 162. 36. Desormeaux, “First,” 131. 37. Beard, Life, v, vi, 23, 136–37, 280. 38. Ibid., 295. 39. Ibid. 40. Ibid., 299. 41. Ibid., 209, 303, 308. 42. Ibid., 308, 309. 43. Ibid., 311, 314, 318. 44. Ibid., 319. 45. Rainsford, Historical, 216. 46. Beard, Life, 319. 47. Ibid., 320. 48. Ibid., 321. 49. Ibid., 323. 50. Ibid., 324, 324–25. 51. Ibid., 325. 52. Ibid., 328. 53. Desormeaux, “First,” 137. 54. Louverture, “Address,” 28; Louverture, “Letter,” 34–35. 55. “Frenchmen React to Toussaint,” in Tyson, Toussaint, 84. 56. Douglass, “Haiti.” 57. Douglass, “Toussaint”; see Bernier, “Emblems.” 58. Dash, Haiti, 5–6. 59. Clavin, “Second,” 145. 60. Dain, “Haiti,” 139–40. 61. Tyson, Toussaint, 137. 62. Kachun, “Antebellum,” 252. 63. Clavin, “Second,” 118, 119. 64. Brown, St. Domingo, 33, 3, 6. 65. Ibid., 12. 66. Ibid., 13. 67. Ibid., 16. 68. Ibid., 23, 32. 69. Ibid., 32. 70. Ibid., 36, 37, 38. 71. Holly, “Negro Race,” 296, 299. notes to pages 59–81 377 ] 72. Smith, “Toussaint.” 73. Langston, “World’s Anti-slavery.” 74. Clavin, “Second,” 118. 75. Phillips, “Toussaint.” 76. Ibid. 77. Ibid. 78. Ibid. 79. Ibid. 80. Emerson, “Character,” 330. 81. See Clavin, Toussaint, 2010. 82. Wood, Slavery, 286. 83. Beard, Life, vi. 84. Higginson, Army, 78. 85. Child, Appeal, 161–62. 86. Tufts, “American,” 54. 87. Hill, Toussaint, 7–8, 8. 88. Nesbett...