Contesting Slavery: The Politics of Bondage and Freedom in the New American Nation

Index

Index abolition, 1, 108, 109, 126, 127, 248, 259, 267, 273, 281, 291–92; gradual, 2, 14, 61, 72, 85, 122, 143, 269, 293; Northern states and, 2, 11, 72, 121. See also British, and slavery; emancipation; Nullification Crisis abolitionists, 95, 97, 98, 103, 121, 178; African American, 73, 79; British, 53, 100; Congress and, 276, 279; petitions, 63, 72, 94, 214, 230, 272, 274, 279. See also Quakers Adams, Henry, 236 Adams, John, 98, 166, 195, 207, 215, 237 Adams, John Quincy, 25, 175, 176, 240, 248, 272, 273, 276, 280 African Americans. See free blacks; slaves Alabama, 251 Allen, Richard, 75 American Colonization Society (ACS), 168, 219, 252, 269, 271, 273, 274, 283. See also colonization of free blacks American Revolution, xiv, 16, 41, 98, 102, 118, 163; slavery, xi, xiii, 2, 11–12, 14, 18, 60, 64, 65, 78, 117, 121, 291–92, 297, 299 ‘‘American System,’’ 183, 247–48, 262, 279, 294, 301 anti-abolitionists, 273, 282, 284 anti-federalists, 124, 131 antislavery. See slavery, opposition to aristocracy, 231, 233 Articles of Confederation, 121 Atlantic slave trade. See under transatlantic Atlantic states, 139, 153 Atlantic world. See Atlantic states; transatlantic Aurora and General Advertiser (Philadelphia ), 149, 231, 240 Banneker, Benjamin, 69–70, 73–74, 79–82, 87–88, 298 Baptist, 230, 233 Bible, the, and slavery, 20, 73–74, 81, 84, 88, 97. See also Christianity Bishop, Abraham, 229, 232 Blount Conspiracy, 142 Bonaparte, Napoleon. See Revolution, French border states, 275, 279 Boston. See Massachusetts British, 118, 174; Loyalists, 64, 145; Parliament , 119–20, 122; and slavery, 15, 18, 53, 56, 62–63, 96, 97, 118–19, 187 British Empire, abolition in, 96, 187, 218 Brown, Christopher, 98 Brown, John (Virginia representative), 51 Calhoun, John, 95, 170, 191, 274–75 Calhounites, 95, 176 Carey, Matthew, 247–50, 252, 253, 259–63 Caribbean: commerce, 231, 234; slave rebellion , 95, 97, 98–101, 108–9, 166, 214, 215, 229, 231; slavery and slaves in, 108–9, 166–67. See also Saint-Domingue Charleston, 95, 104, 163, 191. See also South Carolina Cherokee, 191, 193 Chesapeake, 235 Chickasaw, 168, 191 Choctaw, 168, 191 Christianity, 13–14, 18–19, 26, 51, 97, 211, 217, 233. See also Bible, the citizenship, 247; and race, 49 Civil War, xvi, 162, 184, 187, 195 310 Index Claiborne, William C. C., 191 Clay, Henry, 130, 149, 171, 175, 176, 247–50, 251–60 Clinton, DeWitt, 238, 272 Clinton, George, 237 Clintonian Republicans. See DemocraticRepublicans colonization of free blacks, 169, 176, 186, 219, 252, 268, 271, 280. See also American Colonization Society (ACS) commerce, 248; domestic, 249, 255. See also slave trade, transatlantic compromises, political, 154–55, 188, 281. See also Missouri Controversy Confederation Congress, 62, 142 Congress (federal), 151, 185, 235; House of Representatives, 49, 94–95, 106, 131–32, 147, 151, 201, 230, 239, 270; Senate, 131– 32, 270; 1790 debate over slavery petitions , 49–51, 52, 63, 122. See also gag rule Constitution, U.S., 117, 121–22, 254; Convention , 126–27, 130, 162, 185, 191, 292; ratification, 124, 126; slavery and, 94–95, 117, 125, 127, 130, 220. See also slave representation , three-fifths clause and Continental Congress, 53, 58 Cooper, William, 37, 44 Cornwallis, Lord Charles, 51, 59–60 cotton: and commerce, 171–72, 178; cultivation of, 167, 251; and expansion, 167, 169 Crawford, William, 169, 272 Creek, 168, 189, 191 Declaration of Independence, xi, xv, 58, 73, 88, 117, 123 democracy, 4, 71, 96–97, 240, 248; Jacksonian , 240, 241; Jeffersonian, 227, 233, 241 Democratic Party, 108, 238, 240, 278, 293 Democratic-Republicans, 16–17, 25, 124, 139, 152, 167, 168, 210, 227–28, 231–33, 234, 272, 276 Denmark Vesey Conspiracy, 95, 96, 97, 105, 172, 191 Dexter Amendment, 207, 212 diffusion of slaves. See slave trade, domestic Deep South. See Lower South ‘‘doughfaces,’’ 236, 271 Douglas, Stephen, 117, 183 Duane, William, 40, 42, 43, 149, 228–29, 231, 239, 240 Dunmore, Lord John, 55, 56–57, 62, 78, 101 Dwight, Theodore, 211–12, 216 East-West sectionalism, 153–54, 272 elections: of 1800, 228, 230, 236; of 1812, 238; of 1824, 255, 272, 277; of 1828, 274, 279 emancipation: gradual, 2, 14, 61, 72, 85, 122, 143, 269, 293; in Northern States, 2, 11, 72, 121. See also abolition; abolitionists embargo: of foreign commerce, 22, 167, 237, 238; of Haiti, 231, 234 Enlightenment, xiv, 13, 63, 78 evangelicals, 89 expansion of slavery, xv, 154 federalism, 121–22, 124 Federalist Party, 2, 213, 219–20, 233...