Do Bats Drink Blood?: Fascinating Answers to Questions about Bats

Index

Index African bat Lyssavirus, 84 agave, 104 aggression, 81, 82 Amyotrophic Lateral Scherosis (ALS), 105–106 ants, 91 aphrodisiac, 105 armyworms, 99 assassin bugs, 91 Australian bat Lyssavirus, 83 avocados, 104 banana bat (Musonycteris harrisoni ), 40 bananas, 104 baobab tree, 104, 108 bat bites, 19, 21, 82, 84 bat detector, 116 bat hawk, 91 bat houses (boxes), 18, 92, 112, 118 Batman, 59, 60–62, 96 bees, 16, 104 beetles, 34, 35, 91, 99 big brown bat (Eptesicus fuscus), 5, 34, 40–42, 58, 76, 89, 111 big-eared bats: Allen’s big-eared (or lappet-browed) bat (Idionycteris phyllotis), 5, 78; Ozark bigeared bat (Corynorhinus townsendii ingens), 109; Rafinesque’s big-eared bat (Corynorhinus rafinesquii), 5, 42; Townsend’s big-eared bat (Corynorhinus townsendii), 5, 109; Virginia big-eared bat (Corynorhinus townsendii virginianus), 109 big-eared leaf-nosed bats: California leaf-nosed bat (Macrotis alifornicus), 3, 5 birds, 91, 104 birth, 47, 75 bobcats, 91 brain, 54, 76; inferior colliculus , 54; intelligence, 15–18; memory, 16–19, 51, 58, 63, 77 breadfruit, 104 brown fat, 52 bull-dog bats, 37, 39 butterflies, 16, 65 cacti, 100, 104; cardon cactus, 104; organ pipe cactus, 104 camouflage, 9, 10, 40–41 camp, 46 canyon bat (Parastrellus subflavus), 5, 10, 40, 45 carnivory, 3, 17, 37–38, 63–64, 91 caves, 4, 11, 39, 42, 48, 52, 83–84, 90, 92–93, 95–97, 107, 111, 113, 118 150 INDEX centipedes, 91 CF (constant frequency) calls, 55–57 chiropterophily, 103 circulation, 52, 69, 71 civets, 91 club-footed bats (Tyloncteris), 41 cochlea, 54 colony, 46–47, 72–73, 77, 79, 93, 97 communication, 15, 17–18, 31, 45, 53, 66–68, 77–78 conservation, 98–99, 102, 109, 117–118 corn earworms, 14–15, 99 courtship, 10, 45, 72 crickets, 65 crop pests, 99–100 dates, 104 defenses, 81 delayed fertilization, 76 development, 1, 7, 29, 40, 43, 50, 74–75, 77; delayed development 74 diet: carnivory, 3, 17, 37–38, 63– 64, 91; frugivory, 3, 4, 15, 17, 37, 44, 50–51, 63, 99, 101–102, 107; insectivory, 3, 14–15, 17, 29, 34–36, 44, 53, 55, 63–64, 89, 99- 100, 107; nectivory, 3, 4, 16–17, 37, 50–51, 63, 90, 99–104; piscivory, 37, 63; sanguivory , 19–21, 38, 63 digestion, 21, 27–29 diseases: Amyotrophic Lateral Scherosis (ALS), 105–106; diagnosis, 20; histoplasmosis, 85; Parkinsonism-Dementia Complex (PDC), 105–106; rabies, 21, 82–85; white nose syndrome, 89–90 disk-winged bats (Thyroptera), 39–40 diurnal bats, 82, 95 dolphins, 64 Doppler shift, 55–57 Duvenhage virus, 83 dwarf Epauleted bat (Micropteropus pussillus), 101 Dyak bat (Dyacopterus spadiceus), 79 ear, 3, 9–10, 53–54 eardrum, 54 echolocation, 3–4, 7–8, 16–17, 19, 31, 33, 44, 53–57, 63–64, 66, 77, 107; CF (constant frequency) calls, 55–57; Doppler shift, 55–57; feeding buzz, 54–55; FM (frequency modulated) calls, 55, 57; harmonics, 57; range, 57 encephalomyelitis, 83 endangered, 12, 48 endothermy, 1 entomophily, 103 Eocene era, 7 epauleted bat (Epomops buettikoferi ), 101 epauleted fruit bats: Wahlberg’s epauletted fruit bat (Epomophorus wahlbergi), 72 European bat Lyssavirus, 83 evening bat (Nycticeius humeralis), 5, 35 evolution, 7–9, 15, 43, 63 exclusion, 109–112 eyes, 3–4, 10, 63 false nipples, 77 false vampire bats, 63; African false vampire bat (Cardioderma cor), 31, 38, 72, 77, 79; Asian false vampire bat (Megaderma lyra), 38; Australian giant false vampire bat (Macroderma gigas), INDEX 151 9, 38; Linnaeus’s false vampire bat (Vampyrum spectrum), 79 feeding buzz, 54–55 fertilization, 74, 76, 100, 103, 107 fisherman bat (Noctilio leporinus), 37, 71 flight, 7–8, 12–14, 16, 22, 23, 24, 29, 43, 44, 57, 77, 79, 82, 107; altitude, 14; speed 13, 16 flying foxes, 41, 101; Bismark masked flying fox (Pteropus capistratus), 79; black-eared flying fox (Pteropus melantus), 44, 69; Caroline flying fox (Pteropus molossinus), 44; Chuuk flying fox (Pteropus insularis), 44; golden-crowned flying fox (Acerodon jubatus), 11–12; grey-headed flying fox (Pteropus poliocephalus), 69; Indian flying fox (Pteropus giganteus), 11–12; little mariannus flying fox (Pteropus tokudae), 105, 109; Livingston’s flying fox Pteropus livingstonii), 44; Mariannus flying fox (Pteropus mariannus ), 105, 109; Pacific flying fox (Pteropus tonganus), 44; Philippine flying fox (Pteropus vampyrus), 11–12; Rodrigues flying fox, (Pteropus rodricensis) 75; Samoan flying fox (Pteropus samoensis), 44; spectacled flying fox (Pteropus personatus), 10 FM (frequency modulated) calls, 55...