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315 Notes Introduction 1. Henry E. Sigerist, Civilization and Disease (1943; reprint, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1962), 1. 2. Erwin H. Ackerknecht, A Short History of Medicine, rev. ed. (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1982), 3. 3. Robert P. Hudson, Disease and Its Control: The Shaping of Modern Thought (Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1983), x. 4. Claudine Herzlich and Janine Pierret, Illness and Self in Society (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1987), xiii. 5. Roy Porter, Mind-forg’d Manacles: A History of Madness in England from the Restoration to the Regency (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1987), 2. 6. Donald F. Austin and S. Benson Werner, Epidemiology for the Health Sciences (Spring- field, Ill.: Charles C. Thomas, 1974), 60; Leon Gordis, Epidemiology (Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders, 1996), 17. 7. Charles E. Rosenberg, Explaining Epidemics and Other Studies in the History of Medicine (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992), 278–280; Gary D. Friedman, Primer of Epidemiology (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1974), 75. 8. William H. McNeill, Plagues and Peoples (Garden City, N.Y.: Anchor Press/Doubleday, 1976), 13. One The Western Inheritance 1. Mirko D. Grmek, Diseases in the Ancient Greek World, trans. Mireille Muellner and Leonard Muellner (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1989), 277. 2. Hippocratic Writings, ed. G.E.R Lloyd, trans. J. Chadwick and W. N. Mann (London: Penguin Books, 1978), 237. 3. Ibid., 214, 240–241. 4. Ibid., 262. 5. Ralph Jackson, Doctors and Diseases in the Roman Empire (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1988), 64. 6. Owsei Temkin, Galenism: Rise and Decline of a Medical Philosophy (Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1973). 7. G.E.R. Lloyd, Science, Folklore, and Ideology: Studies in the Life Sciences in Ancient Greece (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983), 214n30. 8. Erwin H. Ackerknecht, A Short History of Medicine, rev. ed. (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1982), 61. 9. Jackson, Doctors and Diseases, 138. 10. Joshua 22: 16–18. 11. Leviticus 13: 46. 12. Timothy S. Miller, The Birth of the Hospital in the Byzantine Empire (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1985), 41. 13. Peregrine Horden, “Saints and Doctors in the Early Byzantine Empire: The Case of Theodore of Sykeon,” in W. J. Sheils, ed., The Church and Healing (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1982), 6. 14. Aline Rousselle, “From Sanctuary to Miracle Worker: Healing in Fourth-Century Gaul,” in Robert Forster and Orest Ranum, eds., Ritual, Religion, and the Sacred (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1982), 95–127. (Originally published in French in Annales E.S.C. 31 [1976]: 1085–1107.) 15. Peter Brown, The Cult of the Saints: Its Rise and Function in Latin Christianity (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1981), 113–119. Two Medieval Diseases and Responses 1. Vilhelm Møller-Christensen, “Evidence of Leprosy in Earlier Peoples,” in Don Brothwell and A.T. Sandison, eds., Diseases in Antiquity (Springfield, Ill.: Charles C. Thomas, 1967), 295–306. 2. Peter Richards, The Medieval Leper and His Northern Heirs (Cambridge: D. S. Brewer, 1977), esp. 98–120; S. R. Ell, “Reconstructing the Epidemiology of Medieval Leprosy: Preliminary Efforts with Regard to Scandinavia,” Perspectives in Biology and Medicine 31 (1988): 496–506; Luke Demaitre, “The Description and Diagnosis of Leprosy by Fourteenth-Century Physicians,” Bulletin of the History of Medicine 59 (1985): 327–344. The most recent authoritative historical discussions are Luke Demaitre, Leprosy in Premodern Medicine: A Malady of the Whole Body (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2007), and Carole Rawcliffe, Leprosy in Medieval England (Woodbridge: Boydell Press, 2006). 3. E. V. Hulse, “The Nature of Biblical ‘Leprosy’ and the Use of Alternative Medical Terms in Modern Translations of the Bible,” Palestine Exploration Quarterly 107 (1975): 87–105. These arguments are well summarized in Richards, The Medieval Leper, 9. 4. Saul Nathaniel Brody, The Disease of the Soul: Leprosy in Medieval Literature (Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1974), 110–111. 5. Quoted in ibid, 66–67. Another (and longer) version is quoted in Richards, The Medieval Leper, 123–124. 6. Richards, The Medieval Leper, 54–56. 7. Brody, Disease of the Soul, esp. 51–53; Richard Palmer, “The Church, Leprosy and Plague in Medieval and Early Modern Europe,” in W. J. Sheils, ed., The Church and Healing (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1982), 79–99. 8. Demaitre, Leprosy, 172. 316 Notes to Pages 13–25 [44.205.5.65] Project MUSE (2024-03-28 23:49 GMT) 9. M. W. Dols, “Leprosy in Medieval Arabic Medicine,” Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences 34 (1979): 314–333...