Diagnosis, Therapy, and Evidence: Conundrums in Modern American Medicine

Index

243 Index Abdominal Operations (Moynihan), 36 accidents, 85 acidity, 34 acquired immune deficiency syndrome. See AIDS Actonel, 195 adenoidectomy, 57, 72–73. See also tonsillectomy adenoids, 62 ADHD. See attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder adjustment disorders, 178 Adlington, Peter, 73 Advisory Committee on Schizophrenic, Paranoid, and Affective Disorders, 151 affective disorders, 121, 148, 152 African Americans: and peptic ulcer, 47–48; and cancer, 100 Agency for Health Care Policy and Research , 193 aging, 23–24; as a disease, 24 agoraphobia, 30, 114, 121, 130, 139, 154 AIDS, 10, 11 Alameda County study, 89 Albertsen, Peter C., 108 alcohol, 90 alendronate, 195 Alexander, Franz, 49–50 aluminum potassium sulfate, 41 Alvarez, Walter C., 46 AMA. See American Medical Association American Cancer Society, 99, 109 American College of Cardiology, 5, 6, 90 American College of Radiology, 5 American College of Rheumatology, 22 American Gastroenterological Society, 35 American Heart Association, 94 American Hospital Association, 5 American Legion, 170 American Medical Association, 20, 38, 40, 44, 94 American Medico-Psychological Association , 27 American Psychiatric Association, 27, 28; and DSM-I, 28; and DSM-III, 29–31 American Society for the Control of Cancer , 99 Anatomy of Melancholy (Burton), 113 Anderson, Odin W., 71 Andreasen, Nancy, 149, 165, 176–177 Angell, Marcia, 196 Angevine, D. Murray, 66 angina, 16; unstable, 90 antibiotics. See therapy, antibiotic anti-depressants, 153–156, 194 anxiety disorders, 30, 111–140, 153, 178; drug treatment, 134–135, 137–138; epidemiology of, 130–133; and Freud, 115–117; social, 139; and war, 113–114 Anxiety Disorders Task Force, 121 anxiety neurosis, 115 anxiolytics, 153 APA. See American Psychiatric Association aplastic anemia, 21 Appel, John, 171 appendectomy, 38, 41, 44 Aristotle, 143, 163 Arnold, Thomas, 120 arteriosclerosis, 61, 86–87, 97 arteriosclerotic heart disease, 86 arthritis, 44, 61 aspirin, 53 attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, 24 atypical anxiety disorder, 30 Aureomycin, 98 Australia, 3, 4 autism, 22–23 autointoxication, 59 Axid, 54 Aycock, W. Lloyd, 63 back pain expenditures, 6–7 244 Index back surgery, 193–194 Baconian science, 17 Badger, Theodore L., 79 Bailar, John C., III, 106, 109 Bakwin, Henry, 71–72 baldness, 24 Barker, David, 96–97 Barnes, Harry A., 61 Baron, J. H., 53 Barrenger, William A., 60 Beard, George, 114 Beaumont, William, 34 Beeson, Paul B., 13 Begg, Colin B., 105 belladonna, 41 benign prostatic hyperplasia. See BPH benzodiazepines, 155 Berkley, Henry J., 26 Berkman, Lisa F., 89 Bernard, Claude, 46 Bertillon, Jacques, 19 Bevan, Arthur Dean, 35, 45 biliousness, 34 Billings, Frank, 44 Billroth, Theodor, 35 bin Laden, Osama, 183 biological psychiatry, 128 bipolar disorders, 152 bismuth subcarbonite, 41 bismuth subnitrate, 41 Black, James, 54 bloodletting, 13 blood pressure, 9, 17, 24 Bloor, Michael, 78 Blum, Sanford, 62–63 Boies, Lawrence R., 69–70, 79–80; textbook , 80–81 Bolande, Robert P., 74 Boles, Russell S., 38–39, 51 Bowman, Marilyn, 185–186 BPH (benign prostatic hyperplasia), 108 breast cancer, 93 Breast Cancer Detection Demonstration Project, 109 Breslau, Naomi, 184 Breslow, Lester, 89 Brigham Hospital, 38 Bright, Richard, 16 Brinton, William, 33–34 Brown, Felix, 125 Brown, Thomas R., 46 Bunker, John, 76 Bureau of Child Hygiene of the New York City Department of Health, 62 Bureau of Narcotics, 136 Bureau of the Census, 27 Burton, Robert, 113 calcium carbonate, 41 calcium phosphate, 41 Canada, 3, 4 cancer, 9, 13, 84–85, 93, 99–100; breast, 102; bronchus, 102; cervical, 107; colon, 101, 105; epidemiology of, 100; esophageal , 102; etiological claims, 99–100; gastric, 103–104; liver, 102; lung, 101, 102, 103–104; lung and smoking, 104; in males, 102; mammography screening , 109–110; mortality rates, 84–85, 101–104; myeloma, 102; non-Hodgkin lymphoma, 102; ovarian, 102; pancreatic , 102; pathology, 100–101; prevention, 104–106; prostate screening, 107–109; prostate therapies, 107–108; risk factors , 15; role of diet and lifestyle, 104; screening, 106–110; urinary tract, 102; war on, 9 Cannon, Walter B., 35, 45–47 carbohydrates, increase in consumption, 94 carbolic acid, 41 carcinogens, 105 cardiology, and anxiety, 113–114 cardiovascular disease, management of, 12 castration, 118–119 Cecil, Russell L., 21, 46, 66 Celsus, 57 census: federal, 20; mortality (1850), 20; role in medicine, 18–20 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 22–23, 95 Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services , 5 cesarean deliveries, 7 CFS (chronic fatigue syndrome), 22, 192 Chadwick, Edwin, 20 Index 245 Chappel, W. Franklin, 58 Charcot, Jean-Martin, and trauma, 168 CHD (coronary heart...