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INDEX
- Rutgers University Press
- Chapter
- Additional Information
209 absorption: of simple sugars, ; surface area and, absorptive state, ACE. See angiotensin-converting enzyme acetaminophen (Tylenol): in heart tissue, ; for high-altitude headache, –; MPTP protected by, ; muscle experiments with, – acetylcholine (ACh), , , acid/base homeostasis, acidosis, ; clinically significant, , t; metabolic, t, ; and osmotic diuresis, ; respiratory, , t acromegaly, , actin: cross-bridge with myosin of, ; and muscle hypertrophy, actin-myosin complexes, formation of permanent, action potentials, ; and cardiovascular control centers, ; depolarizations and repolarizations, activators, in control systems, adenohyophysis, adenosine, , adenosine diphosphate (ADP), in muscle contraction, adenosine triphosphate (ATP): in muscle contraction, ; regulation of, adenylate cyclase, ADH. See antidiuretic hormone adrenal cortex, adrenal glands: and growth, –; regulation of, adrenal hormones, – adrenal medulla, adrenocorticoids, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), agglutination, Agre, Peter, air-exchange system, composition of, akinesia, of Parkinson’s disease, Alan test, of collateral perfusion, – albumin to globulin ratio (A/G ratio), aldosterone, , alkalosis: clinically significant, , t; metabolic, t; respiratory, , t allergies, seasonality of, , alpha amylase, altitude, and partial pressure of oxygen, Alton Giant, alveolar ventilation, estimating, alveoli, ; cells of, ; function of, t; and minute ventilation, ; structures of, t; and tidal volume, American Heart Association, , American Physiological Society, amino acid hormones, –, t amino acids, anatomy: defined, ; and physiology, androgen actions, impaired, t androgens, , , , ; functions of, t; before puberty, androstenedione, anemias, anesthesia, and menstrual cycles, angiogenesis, –, angiogenic growth factors (AGFs), angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), –, angiotensin I (AI), angiotensin II (AII), angiotensinogen, ANP. See atrial natriuretic peptide ANS. See autonomic nervous system antibodies: immune functions of, , ; in immune system, antidiuretic hormone (ADH), ; function of, ; in hypotensive crisis, ; and overhydration, ; in renal physiology, antral fluid, , antrum, stomach, aorta, aortic bodies, apical membrane, apneustic center, –, t aquaporins, – arginine vasopressin (AVP), , , . See also antidiuretic hormone arterial blood, pH of, arterial blood pressure: and general health, ; renal, arteries, ; distributing, , t; properties of, –; resistance in, arterioles, , t asthma, INDEX atherosclerosis, , athletes, bradycardia in conditioned, atmospheric pressure, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), , t atrioventricular (AV) node, auditory cortex, primary, Auerbach’s plexus, , autocrines, ; and hormones, ; and target cells, , f autonomic innervation, of muscle, autonomic nervous system (ANS), , ; activators of, ; divisions of, , f; effect on heart of, ; functions of, t; neurotransmitters in, , ; thoracolumbar, autoregulation, pressure-flow, –, f AVP. See arginine vasopressin axons, ; myelinated vs. nonmyelinated, . See also neurons back pain, – Bainbridge reflex, Banting, Frederick, barometric pressure, , baroreceptor reflex, , ; and cardiac output, –; in hypotensive crisis, Barrett’s disease, basement membrane, of glomerular filtration barrier, basolateral membrane, basophils, , Belloni, ducts of, bench pressing, and muscle function, Best, Charles, , bicarbonate ions, bile, enterohepatic recirculation of, bile acids, , biogenic amines, blastocyst, blood: acidity of, ; health of, –, ; osmolality of, ; purpose of, ; volume of, – blood clots, blood flow: cerebral, , f, ; of coronary reactive hyperemia, , f; during hypotension, ; measurements of, –; renal, blood loss: blood flow in, ; and hypotension, ; physiology of, blood pressure: carotid, ; direct vs. indirect measurement of, ; and equilibrium, ; homeostasis of, –; inside capillaries, ; and justaglomerular apparatus, ; and kidney function, ; long-term regulation of, ; measuring arterial, ; and physiological gradients, ; recording, –, t, f; regulation of, –; and renal physiology, , blood sink, blood sugar. See glucose blood-testis barrier, blood vessels, types of, – blood volume: estimating, ; homeostasis of, ; regulation of, B-lymphocytes, functions of, t body temperature, body weight, maintenance of, bowel movements, , ; and composition of meal, ; with healthy diet, ; and ISI, – bowel regularity, and behavioral changes, Bowman’s capsule, f, , ; pressure inside of, ; and renal plasma flow, ; ultrafiltrate in, , Boyle’s law, – brachiocephalic arteries, , bradycardia, brain, health of, brain stem, , Broca’s area, Brody disease, , bronchi: bifurcation of, ; structures of, , t bronchioles: bifurcation of, ; functions of, ; structures of, , t bronchitis, chronic, Brown, Michael, buffy coat, , f bundle of His, calcium, , ; and excitation-contraction coupling in muscle, f, ; intracellular, calcium/troponin-C complex, calories, and homeostasis, , cankers, Cannon, Walter B., capacitation, capillaries, , –, t; glomerular, ; lymphatic, ; properties of, ; pulmonary, , ; in respiratory gas exchange, t capillary colloid osmotic pressure, capillary hydrostatic pressure, , , – capillary oncotic pressure, – carbohydrates, digestion and absorption of, , – carbon dioxide: hydration of, ; partial pressure of, , ; and physiological gradients, ; in respiration, carbonic acid, production of, carboxypeptidases, cardia, of stomach, cardiac cycle, phases of, –, t cardiac muscle, , cardiac output, , ; determination of, ; in hypotensive crisis, ; in hypovolemia, cardioacceleratory center, cardiotonic centers, – cardiovascular disease, cardiovascular reflexes, in hypotensive crisis, INDEX 210 [44.212.39.149] Project MUSE (2024-03-28 13:35 GMT) cardiovascular system: components of, ; control system for, ; health of, –, –; regulation of blood pressure in, – carotid baroreceptor, location of, – carotid bodies, cell body, cells, and homeostasis, central core disease, , central nervous system (CNS), ; components of, ; functions of, t cerebral blood flow: increasing, ; regional, , f, cerebral hemispheres: regions of, f; specialization of, cervical cancer, incidence of, – chemoattractants...