Appalachian Health and Well-Being

List of Illustrations

ix Illustrations Figures 2.1. Total age-adjusted mortality per 100,000 by county group, 1979–2005 57 4.1. Chronic disease overview 92 4.2. Appalachian health outcomes are the product of multiple factors 95 7.1. State obesity rates for the thirteen Appalachian states and the nation, 2008 151 15.1. Average prevalence of chronic physical health conditions for white, first-generation Appalachians and white non-Appalachians, 1999–2005 319 Maps I.1. Subregions in Appalachia 9 I.2. County economic status in the Appalachian region 10 I.3. Population density in the Appalachian region 11 1.1. Number of genetics specialists in the Appalachian region 39 12.1. Appalachian high-intensity drug trafficking area (HIDTA) 256 Tables 2.1. Behavioral, socioeconomic, and health care disparities in Appalachia compared with the rest of the nation 49 2.2. Behavioral, socioeconomic, and health care disparities between Appalachian counties with and without coal mining and compared with the rest of the nation 55 3.1. Risk factor prevalence in Appalachian and non-Appalachian regions of the ARC-designated Appalachian states, 1993 73 5.1. Risk factors for heart disease 113 5.2. Prevalence of risk factors for Appalachians and non-Appalachians with heart disease 119 5.3. Prevalence of risk factors among Appalachians with and without heart disease 120 x Illustrations 5.4. Prevalence of risk factors among Appalachians and non-Appalachians without heart disease 120 5.5. Logistic regression results for heart disease risk factors 121 7.1. Average obesity rates by Appalachian county status, economic status, and subregion 151 7.2. Adult obesity status in Greater Cincinnati 153 7.3. Respondents with low or very low food security 155 7.4. Prevalence of supermarkets, grocery stores, and convenience stores by Appalachian county economic status 156 7.5. Responses to: “The food that I bought just didn’t last, and I didn’t have money to get more” 157 8.1. Average annual (2002–2006), age-adjusted incidence of selected invasive cancers per 100,000 persons in Appalachian versus nonAppalachian parts of six states participating in the Appalachian Community Cancer Network 169 8.2. Average annual (2002–2006), age-adjusted mortality rates for selected invasive cancers per 100,000 persons in Appalachian versus non-Appalachian parts of six states participating in the Appalachian Community Cancer Network 169 8.3. Proportions of late-stage diagnoses of selected cancers in Appalachian versus non-Appalachian parts of five states participating in the Appalachian Community Cancer Network, 2002–2006 171 8.4. Prevalence of selected cancer screening tests in Appalachian versus non-Appalachian parts of five states participating in the Appalachian Community Cancer Network, based on data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System 173 10.1. State death rates for motor vehicle collisions in Appalachian versus non-Appalachian counties 211 12.1. Appalachian HIDTA drug seizures (in kilograms), 2007 257 14.1. Percentage agreement among identification methods 303 14.2. Estimated number of Appalachians by identification method 304 14.3. Demographic characteristics of respondents by identification method 305 14.4. Health status of respondents by identification method 307 15.1. Percentage of Appalachian and non-Appalachian children with behavioral and emotional problems by age and year 328 ...