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Figures 1.1. Location of sites and subregions discussed in the text 2 1.2. Timeline of data discussed in chapters 2–15 10 2.1. Early–Middle Woodland sites and survey areas in Kentucky 21 3.1. Location of Evans and surrounding sites, Kentucky 46 3.2. Map of the Evans site, Kentucky 48 4.1. Woodland mounds in present-day cemeteries 58 4.2. Auvergne Mound, Kentucky 60 4.3. Auvergne Mound central burial 60 4.4. Artifact distribution in mound fill and off-mound area at Auvergne Mound 61 5.1. Western Escarpment, Upper Cumberland Plateau, Tennessee 73 5.2. Rim sherd from Eagle Drink Bluff Shelter, Tennessee 79 5.3. Biface use wear from Horn Dog Pictograph Site, Tennessee 84 6.1. Elkhorn Creek earthwork complex, Kentucky 92 6.2. Rafinesque’s 1820 map, “Monuments on North Elkhorn Creek” 94 6.3. The Mt. Horeb earthwork 95 6.4. Part of a 1952 aerial photo of the Winchester Farm earthwork 97 6.5. Various images of the Winchester Farm earthwork 98 6.6. Remote sensing images of the Winchester Farm earthwork 101 6.7. Areas of 171 small circular enclosures 103 6.8. Small square enclosures at Junction Group, Camargo, and Seal Township sites in Kentucky and Ohio 105 7.1. Aerial map of Garden Creek site, North Carolina 111 7.2. Structure 1 below Garden Creek Mound No. 2 113 7.3. Posthole patterns below Garden Creek Mound No. 2 117 8.1. Location of Biltmore Mound, North Carolina 123 8.2. Construction stages of Biltmore Mound 125 8.3. Biltmore Mound excavation plan 126 8.4. Profiles and features at Biltmore Mound 127 8.5. Map of Biltmore Mound, Mt. Mitchell, and Mt. Pisgah 130 8.6. Summer solstice sunrise over Mt. Mitchell 130 9.1. Map of the Leake site complex and environs, Georgia 139 9.2. Map of the Leake site 139 9.3. Features south of Mound B at the Leake site 145 9.4. Post alignments in the Swift Creek midden 147 9.5. Structures at the Leake site 150 10.1. Location of Jackson Landing site, Mississippi 155 10.2. Map of Jackson Landing site 156 10.3. Mound profile drawing from Jackson Landing 161 11.1. Location of the Armory site, Alabama 168 11.2. Map of mounds and occupation at the Armory site 169 11.3. Ceramic density across the Armory site 170 11.4. Location of Walthall’s (1985) Southern Appalachian aggregation centers 171 11.5. Ceramic seriation from Armory site vicinity 172 11.6. Distribution of check- and rocker-stamped pottery at the Armory site 173 11.7. Copper ear spool from the Armory site 176 12.1. Location of Kolomoki, Crystal River, and Fort Center 182 12.2. Map of the Fort Center site 185 12.3. Map of the Kolomoki site 186 12.4. Map of the Crystal River site 187 12.5. Calibrated radiocarbon dates from the Crystal River site 190 12.6. Calibrated radiocarbon dates from the Fort Center site 191 12.7. Calibrated radiocarbon dates from the Kolomoki site 192 13.1. Map of Tunacunnhee site and nearby regions 198 13.2. Ear spool from the Tunacunnhee site, Georgia 203 14.1. Swift Creek and Weeden Island sites 206 14.2. Paddle match connections with the Dent and Mayport mounds 213 14.3. Late Swift Creek Complicated Stamped vessel 216 15.1. The Inner and Outer Bluegrass regions of Kentucky 222 15.2. Adena subregions and sites in the Kentucky Bluegrass 223 15.3. Distribution of submound cremations 228 15.4. Distribution of submound architecture 228 15.5. Distribution of log tombs 229 15.6. Distribution of puddled-clay basins 229 x Figures ...

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