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Adair, James, comments by, about: agriculture, 15; clans, 29, 188n37; the council house, 14; methods of social control, 86; regionalism, 18, 186n18; town autonomy, 11; warfare, 57, 65, 102, 106, 111, 114–15, 118, 183n2; the warrior population, 205n34 Amherst, Jeffery, 119–20, 126 Atkin, Edmond, 99–100, 104 —comments by, about: British colonists, 106; the council house, 14; the deerskin trade, 50, 53; Lower Cherokee refugees, 60; regionalism, 22, 212n17; Settlement Indians, 65–67, 194n17; traveling in Cherokee country, 21; warfare, 57, 61; warrior demands for goods, 99 Attakullakulla (Little Carpenter): and the Anglo-Cherokee War, 112, 115–16, 118, 120–26, 141; authority of, 12, 129, 202n4; and the crisis in Virginia, 96, 102–3, 108; and the deerskin trade, 13, 131–34; and diplomacy, 139–40, 149; and the preeminence of Chota, 28, 83; and the Tellico Affair, 89, 91–92; and the Treaty of 1730, 48; and the Treaty of Lochaber , 131; as a warrior, 12, 137–38; and women, 112, 121–22 Augusta, Congress of (1763), 132–36, 141 Ball play, 2, 16, 52, 156 Beamer, James: and Thomas Beamer, 102, 104; and the Cherokee-Creek War, Index 59–60; and Creek attacks against Little Estatoe, 124; and concerns about the French, 78; and the deerskin trade, 50, 187n23; as an interpreter for the Lower Cherokees, 23, 63; and the Lower Cherokee warrior population, 74; and Northward Indians, 63–64 Bedford County (Virginia), 102, 105–6, 113 Beloved towns, 24–27. See also Chota; Kituhwa; Nequassee; Noyowee; Tellico; Tenasee; Tugaloo Bloody Fellow, 172–73 Blount, William, 166–68, 171–74 Braddock’s Defeat, 75, 90, 97 Byrd, William, 50, 109, 120, 124, 126–27 Caesar, 38 Cameron, Alexander, 137, 150, 158 Canuga (and Neowi), 125, 128 Captives/captivity: and the AngloCherokee War, 114, 119, 123–24; and the Cherokee-Creek War, 69; and French captives, 78, 99; and the imprisonment of Shawnee warriors in Charlestown, 71–72; and Northward Indians, 58, 138; Catawbas: and the Congress of Augusta, 132; decline of, 181; and language, 29; and Lower Cherokee refugees, 60; and Northward Indians, 58, 66–67, 70, 97; and Settlement Indians, 66; and smallpox , 115, 117 228 · Index Chatooga River, 41, 74 Chattahoochee River, 41, 74, 153, 161, 175 Chatuga, 76–77, 80, 82, 84, 86–88, 122 Chickamauga Towns (Lower, Five Lower Towns): and connections to the Upper Towns, 166–70, 172–74, 178, 181; and regional formation, 8–9, 19, 153, 155, 162–63, 176; and war with the United States, 165, 167–69, 172, 175. See also Lookout Mountain Town; Nickajack; Running Water; Willstown Chickamauga Towns, headmen. See Bloody Fellow; Dragging Canoe; Watts, John Chickasaws: and the Anglo-Cherokee War, 129; and the Cherokee-Creek War, 44–46, 190n22, 193n15; and the Congress of Augusta, 132; and language, 29; and the Savannah Chickasaws, 66, 115; and threats against Cherokees, 67 Chicken, George, 18, 33, 40–43, 46–48 Chilhowee, 1–2, 39, 122, 138, 140, 157, 162, 165 Choatehee of Tellico, 47–48 Chota: and the Anglo-Cherokee War, 121–22, 124; ascendancy of, 58, 76, 83; as a beloved town, 24, 27; challenges to, 90–91, 191n29; decline of, 155, 164, 179; and the French, 75, 81; and Mortar of Okchai, 147, 210n40; as a national council seat, 27–28; and Northward Indians , 65, 72; and pan-Indianism, 150, 156–57; and its proximity to Knoxville, 213n33; and the Tellico Affair, 75, 81–85, 87, 91; and its townhouse, 14; and the Virginia fort, 96 Clan revenge: and its challenge to the authority of headmen, 89, 122–23, 135, 180; and the Cherokee-Creek War, 60; description of, 2, 29; and liability for Cherokee security, 44, 180–81; and Virginia, 102, 104–6, 139, 207–8n22 Clans: and Cherokee headmen, 10, 51–52; and Cherokee identity, 3–5, 28–29; and localism, 15–16; obligations of, 185–86n14, 188n37; and Tellico, 77 Congarees, 37–38, 68, 113–14, 189n4 Conjuror of Tugaloo (Charity Hagey), 34, 37, 41, 189n5 Coosa River, 107, 153, 161–63, 166, 168, 171, 174–77 Cowee, 1–2, 38–39, 139 Coweta, 44–45, 65, 68–70, 134–35, 156, 160 Coyatee, 165, 171–72 Coytmore, Richard, 109, 113, 115–18, 121 Creeks: and the American Revolution, 159–60, 171, 174–75; and the Battle of Taliwa, 195n27; and borderlands with Cherokees, 8, 22, 37, 39, 41, 146, 161; Cherokee hostility toward, 27, 40, 134, 136–37; and language, 29; and Northward Indians, 7, 57–58, 61...

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