Cusco: Urbanism and Archaeology in the Inka World

List of Figures

Figures 1.1. Tawantinsuyu, showing the location of Cusco and other major places / 2 1.2. The inka heartland / 3 1.3. The location of excavations in Cusco / 10 2.1. Small rectangular inka buildings / 22 2.2. Inka wall construction styles / 28 2.3. Inka wall features / 30 2.4. The kallanka at Huchuy Cusco / 36 2.5. Usnu platform with central staircase / 39 2.6. Typical urban kancha at Calca and Ollantaytambo Qosqo Ayllu / 44 2.7. The royal palace and large hall at Quispeguanca / 46 2.8. The inka royal palace, drawn by Guaman Poma de Ayala / 51 3.1. Inka Calca / 68 3.2. Inka Qosqo Ayllu, Ollantaytambo / 71 3.3. Isometric drawing of a Qosqo Ayllu kancha / 72 4.1. A hypothetical section of urban archaeological stratification in Cusco / 83 5.1. Cusco from Qolqampata (San Cristóbal) / 88 5.2. The street blocks (manzanas) of the old city / 91 5.3. Inka Cusco in 1533 / 93 5.4. The distribution of Spanish solares in October 1534 / 96 5.5. Cusco in the late sixteenth century / 101 5.6. A drawing of Cusco by Guaman Poma de Ayala / 103 5.7. Cusco in the mid-seventeenth century / 105 viii · Figures 5.8. Cusco in the late eighteenth century / 109 5.9. Cusco in the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century / 112 6.1. Inka streets and lanes / 118 6.2. Closed inka lanes / 120 6.3. The spatial distribution of wall construction styles / 122 6.4. Adobe gable-end with roof pegs, Casa Cartagena (mz12) / 125 6.5. Bas-relief serpents and a figure beneath a rainbow / 128 6.6. Plan analysis of inka Cusco / 136 7.1. Plan-seam A / 140 7.2. Excavations at the fountain in Hawkaypata, 1996 / 143 7.3. Line of four llama figurines at Hawkaypata usnu excavation / 144 7.4. Qasana palace facing the Plaza de Armas / 147 7.5. Qasana enclosure wall / 149 7.6. Amarukancha / 151 7.7. Triunfo church, the former large hall of Uchullo / 154 7.8. Terrace walls and double-jamb entrance and steps at Suecia #348 / 156 7.9. Excavations in Triunfo street / 157 7.10. The Hatunrumiyoq platform / 158 7.11. Plan-seam B / 161 7.12. Limaqpampa usnu platform / 163 7.13. The curved wall at Qorikancha / 165 7.14. The temple enclosure of Qorikancha / 166 7.15. Qorikancha buildings / 168 7.16. Location of the Qorikancha excavations, 1970–79 / 171 7.17. Qorikancha patio excavations / 173 7.18. Figurine and tupu arrangements from the Qorikancha patio / 174 7.19. Excavation trenches on the Qorikancha esplanade and terraces / 175 8.1. Plan-unit I / 180 8.2. Plan-unit II / 185 8.3. The Hatunkancha enclosure wall / 188 8.4. The Hatunkancha kallanka / 192 8.5. Remnant building walls and niches in Hatunkancha / 193 Figures · ix 8.6. Building corners, walls, and footings in Arequipa street / 195 8.7. Important inka urban compounds / 197 8.8. Original plans of excavations and architectural studies in Cusco / 201 8.9. Inka walls in parts of mz37 / 204 8.10. Excavated kancha, buildings, and lanes in Kusikancha / 206 8.11. The façade wall and portal of the colonial casona superimposed on inka structures at Maruri #340 / 208 8.12. Standard niches in adobe on top of rectangular wall, Kusikancha kancha #5 / 209 8.13. Remodeling of Kusikancha kancha 1 / 209 8.14. Plan-unit III / 211 8.15. Probable inka plan of mz12 / 215 8.16. Building footings and proposed killke period grid from excavations in mz36 and mz37 / 218 9.1. Kusikancha kitchens / 227 9.2. The distribution of burials and offerings in Kusikancha / 237 9.3. Grave #21 at Kusikancha / 240 9.4. Grave found in Casa Concha / 243 10.1. The suburban villages and terraces / 255 10.2. Qolqampata, a royal suburb / 256 10.3. Settlements and terracing in the Watanay valley / 265 10.4. Selected workers’ villages (llaqta) / 269 10.5. Excavations at Qhataqasapatallaqta / 278 10.6. Isolated kancha in the valley / 281 10.7. Sillkinchani A storerooms / 288 11.1. Ancestral houses, Sun temples, and figurines in the Watanay valley / 298 11.2. The ancestral house of Qalispukio and the Sun temple of Muyuqmarka / 304 11.3. The distribution of figurines in the city / 321 12.1. Puma plans of the city / 336 12.2. El Shincal de Quimivíl / 353 13.1. Processional routes...