Early New World Monumentality

Index

Index Page numbers in italics refer to illustrations Abrams, Elliot, 9, 144, 379 Acatlán, Mex., 183 Acre, Ecuador, 279, 281 Agriculture: adaptations of, 153; calendars for, 212, 313, 321; and climate, 92, 153, 154, 319, 321, 403; cotton cultivation, 305, 319, 330, 367, 389; gourd cultivation, 305, 367, 389; grains/cereals cultivation, 151, 459–60; grasses cultivation, 441, 448; intensive, 16, 112, 113, 132, 152, 257, 258, 261, 264, 321; irrigation, 365, 366, 367, 368, 388, 399, 403, 420, 461; maize cultivation, 78, 84, 129, 151, 152–53, 154, 161, 270, 278, 279, 441; modern, 150, 153, 330, 436; and ocean currents, 319; and population levels, 84, 403; rituals related to, 410; and settlement patterns, 129, 152–53, 190, 258, 261, 269; and sociopolitical organization , 129, 151–52, 153, 155, 159, 193, 255, 257, 258, 278, 291; and soil quality, 153, 154, 261, 262; techniques and locations for, 141, 143, 144, 146, 154, 161, 202, 275, 279, 280, 281, 319, 431. See also Diet Alaka culture, 256, 264 Alenquer, Brazil, 273 Alexander Spring, 68 Altar de Sacrificios site, 199, 201, 202 Alva, Walter, 314, 325 Amacuzac River, 177, 182 Amazonia: agriculture in, 261, 264, 279, 281; architecture in, 55, 264–69, 275; art in, 261, 262–64, 278, 280, 281; cosmology in, 270; diet in, 260–61, 262, 264, 267–68, 270–71, 279; exchange with, 280, 281; feasting in, 264; foraging in, 281; horticulture in, 270, 281; interaction with, 272; maps of, 256; and migration , 263–64; modern, 267–68, 270, 271; monumentality in, 261, 262, 272, 278–79, 281; ritual activities in, 281; settlement patterns in, 261, 265, 278, 281; sociopolitical organization in, 261–62, 270, 280, 281 Amazonian Indians, 268, 275 Amazon River, 256, 271, 272–73, 278, 279 Amenhotep, 347 Amuco Abelina, 177, 188, 192 Amuco de la Reforma, 175, 176, 188–90 Ananatuba phase, 272, 273–75 Anatolia, 459–60, 462 Anchucaya, Peru, 404, 405, 417 Anderson, David G., 88 Andes: agriculture in, 322, 367, 436; architecture in, 290–91, 303, 308, 322, 367, 386, 4 61; art in, 268, 444; central, 231, 236; children in, 322; climate in, 319; cosmology in, 318, 323, 346, 350, 353, 425; cultural development in, 299; diet in, 319, 322; exchange in, 367; feasting in, 305; health in, 321; interaction with, 443; labor in, 305, 411; public art in, 322; religion in, 314, 322; settlement patterns and population in, 303, 322; sites in, 268, 291–92 Andes Mountains, 401 Animals: vertebrates, 59, 61, 63, 64, 65, 70. See also Diet; Fish and shellfish; Iconography Anita Grande, Costa Rica, 240 Arauquinoid phase/Tradition, 142, 271 Arboriculture, 152, 441, 448. See also Agriculture Arc de Triomphe, 6 Arcelia, Mex., 188 Archaic period: agriculture during, 267; architecture from, 54, 70, 83, 114, 257, 264–67, 275; art from, 268; ceramics from, 267, 268; cultural patterns during, 233, 272; economy and diet during, 43–45, 262, 264, 267, 268, 271; group aggregation and interaction during , 95; maps of sites from, 79; monumentality during, 8, 16, 54, 95; settlement patterns during, 42–43, 95, 217, 278; sites from, 26, 42–45, 79, 83; sociopolitical organization and status during, 8, 83, 84, 269. See also Late Preceramic Architecture. See Mounds; Mounds, earthen; Mounds, shapes and types of; Mounds, shell; Patios; Plazas; Pyramids; Temples; Terraces 472 · Index Architecture, mortuary. See Burials, cemetaries , and mortuary architecture Architecture, square-room-unit, 382–84, 385, 390 Arco, Lee J., 144 Arguedas, José María, 411 Arkansas, 31, 34, 40–41, 80 Arkansas River, 39, 41, 43 Arnold, Philip J., III, 161 Art, public, 313. See also Paintings; Sculpture Artifacts: art, 268, 269; bannerstones, 30, 69; beads, 30, 31, 32, 37, 69, 392, 443; biface reductions, 37; bronze, 443; carvings, 276; and cosmology, 213–14; decoration on, 339; earrings, 182; earspools, 123, 124; firedearthen objects, 30, 32, 43; fishhooks and netting, 368, 389; gold, 443, 444; gourds, 339; gravel, 34; green stone, 123, 124, 182; imported, 123; Inca, 424; jade, 200, 207, 213, 214, 217, 218; jewelry, 269, 392, 424, 443; lithic fragments, 303; metal sheets, 424; mica, 182; mirrors, 182; nonceramic figures and figurines, 444; obsidian, 217; ornaments , 182, 267, 268, 392; paleofeces, 59, 70; petroglyphs, 238; plaques, 182; points, 30, 31, 37, 42, 43, 389, 446, 448; pollen, 92; ritual by-products and paraphenalia, 406, 444; serpentine, 182; shaped bone, 268; shells and shell fragments, 303, 424, 444; silver, 444; skeletons, 207, 260, 261, 270, 271, 307, 321, 336, 403, 408, 441–42; and sociopolitical organization, 123...