Index Abler, Thomas S., 268n22 Adair, James, 268n22 Adlum, John, 225 Adondarechaa, 120, 123 African Americans, 51, 173, 201, 240; slave trade and, 99– 100, 142 Ajacán, 19–22. See also Chesapeake Bay Albany, 42, 45, 101, 106, 109, 114– 32; fur trade at, 44, 48, 101; Indian wars and, 82, 83, 85– 87; map of, 70; Native trading at, 77, 78, 83, 102, 105, 187–88 Albany Congress, 161, 168, 173, 186 alcohol, 26, 38, 213; Indian trade and, 55, 178, 180, 182, 187, 195, 228, 237, 238; Quakers and, 241, 242 Algonquians, 14, 64– 65, 159; kinship terms of, 16, 19; wars of, 78– 80, 106– 7, 116. See also individual nations Algonquins, 75 Allerton, Isaac, 111 Amherst, Jeffrey, 3, 174, 180– 83, 188, 196; por‑ trait of, 181 Andrews, William, 94, 96 Andros, Edmund, 82– 83, 106, 116, 120, 123, 131, 146 Appomattoc, Queen of, 29 Aquendero, 88–89, 126–30 Aradgi, 129–30 Archer, Gabriel, 25– 26, 257n42 Arendaronons, 79 Argall, Samuel, 40 Arrohateck, 25, 27 Atkin, Edmund, 183 Atlee, Samuel J., 211, 213– 14 Attignawantans, 79 Augusta, Treaty of, 196 Austenaco, 66 Axtell, James, 28, 54– 55, 251n1 Bacon’s Rebellion, 99, 106– 8, 111, 116, 145, 146 Bancker, Evert, 117, 128 Banner, Stuart, 144 Bartoli, F., 215 Bartram, John, 93 beads, 16, 259n74; glass, 36– 37, 37, 40–41, 55–58, 61, 65; shell, 3, 50, 100– 105, 103, 107, 112. See also prestige goods beaver wars, 78– 83, 90 Becker, Carl Lotus, 175– 76 Bellomont, Earl of, 87– 89, 128– 29, 272n90 Berkeley, William, 99– 100, 108, 111 Beverwyck. See Albany Birch, William, 203 Black-Rogers, Mary, 246–47 Blome, Richard, 110 Boxer, C. R., 97 Braddock, Edward, 155– 57, 169– 70, 173, 176 Bradford, William, 137– 40 Bragdon, Kathleen, 64 Brainerd, John, 173 Brant, Joseph, 212, 218, 220, 296n32 Brébeuf, Jean de, 63 Breen, T. H., 53, 251n1 Bridenbaugh, Carl, 19 Brodhead, Daniel, 207 Bruyas, Jacques, 105– 6 burial practices, 36, 59, 72, 75– 76, 81, 232, 238 Burnet, William, 92 Butler, Richard, 211– 12, 216, 218– 21, 223 Cahokia, 64 Callière, Louis- Hector de, 87, 89, 90 Canandaigua, Treaty of, 300n76 Canasatego, 167–68 cannibalism, 74, 75, 81, 268n22 captives, 6, 19, 72– 75, 73, 79– 81, 85– 86, 96; adoption of, 73, 77, 80; torture of, 73– 74, 81 Carleton, Guy, 187, 198 Carolinas, 21– 22, 95, 188; constitution of, 143; Creeks of, 178; justice system in, 192, 196 308 Index Carrera, Juan de la, 22 Catawbas, 95, 196 Cattaraugus, 207, 218, 219 Cayugas, 130; territory of, 70; wars of, 82, 88, 91. See also Iroquois Céloron de Blainville, Pierre- Joseph, 156, 169 Champlain, Samuel de, 77 Chaplin, Joyce, 233 Charles I, 151 Charles II, 121, 142– 46, 150, 284n24 Charles Town, S.C., 56, 188 Cherokees, 196; leaders of, 62, 66; after Revolu‑ tionary War, 218; wars of, 174– 75, 188 Chesapeake Bay, 6, 110; Jamestown and, 27– 41, 61, 62, 137; Penn on, 285n43; Spanish explo‑ ration of, 14, 19– 22. See also Tsenacomoco Chickahominies, 256n21 Chickasaws, 196 Chippewas, 182, 212 Choctaws, 196 Christianity, 48– 52, 69; Native conversions to, 21, 80, 88– 89, 94, 171; pietist, 44, 46. See also Jesuit missionaries; Moravians; Quakers “civilizing mission,” 233– 35, 239– 40, 248– 50 Claeson, Jacob, 109 Claeson, Lawrence, 92 Claiborne, William, 108 Clarke, George, 67 Clinton, James, 207 Colden, Cadwallader, 71, 131, 192 Conestoga Indians, 133, 141; massacre of, 175, 191 Connecticut land claims, 161, 162, 186, 206 Connecticut River, 42, 43, 70, 100–101 Conojocular War, 161– 62, 165 Conoy Indians, 159 conquest theory, 8, 210– 14 Cooper, Anthony Ashley, 143 Cope, Walter, 257n42 copper goods, 28, 30– 35, 31, 40– 41, 58– 59, 61, 65. See also prestige goods Corlaer, Arent, 120, 294n8. See also van Curler, Arent Cornbury, Lord, 131 Cornplanter, 207, 212– 25, 296n32, 297n44; portrait of, 215 council titles, 205– 6, 294n8 Covenant Chain, 67– 68, 113– 16, 121– 23, 131, 141, 162–63, 199, 245–46 Crashaw, William, 140 Creek Indians, 178, 191, 196, 204 Cresap’s War, 161– 62, 165 Croghan, George, 182, 197 Cromwell, Oliver, 143 Cushman, Robert, 140, 144 Cuyler, Johannes, 117 Dale, Thomas, 38– 40 Danckaerts, Jasper, 44– 46, 49, 51– 52 Declaration of Independence, 156. See also Revolutionary War De La Noy, Peter, 86 Delaware (colony), land claims of, 145, 150– 53, 154 Delaware Indians. See Lenapes Delaware River, 41, 42, 104; maps of, 43, 70, 110, 149, 156, 161; Penn’s land...