Beyond the Century of the Child: Cultural History and Developmental Psychology

Index

Index accidental deaths of children, 29-33, 35, 38 adolescence: adulthood and, 10-11, 245 n.14; Aries on, 11, 32; cross-cultural differences and, 245 n.14; disappearance of, 10-11; Hall on, 11,245 n.14;Japanese industrial period, 125-26, 127; Japanese preindustrial period, 120-21, 122, 125, 127; medieval accident patterns and, 32-33; "storm and stress" view of, 11, 237, 245 n.14; trends in leisure/media and parental control, 108; twentiethcentur ~ 10-11,108,237,245 n.14; violence and, 11. See also adulthood Adolescence (Hall), 11, 214, 245 n.l4 adulthood: adolescence and, 10-11, 245 n.14; disappearance of, 10-13, 240-41; gap between childhood and, 166, 241; and Key on infantile regression, 162-64 Alberti, Leon Battista, 38 Alcoholics Anonymous, 215, 248 n.10 Alcott, William, 65, 75 Alexandre-Bidon, Daniele, 25-26 Alphen, Hieronymus van, 47 Amaya, U., 115 "The American Child and Other Cultural Inventions" (Kessen), 1 American childrearing patterns. See childrearing patterns in America; Victorian American childrearing Aries, Philippe: on adolescence, 11, 32; change hypothesis, 2-5, 17, 21, 24-26,45-46, 230-31, 243 n.3; and childhood/adolescence in Middie Ages, 21-33,40-42,44-46, 47-49; and children in paintings, 3-5,17,25-26,44-46,47-49,50, 243 n.3; and cultural context of childhood, 84, 85, 233; and disappearance of childhood, 11, 12, 241; discontinuity hypothesis, 2, 17, 21, 243 n.3; and Dutch pedagogics and developmental psychology , 244 n.13; historians' criticism of, 3-5, 21-33, 46, 48-49, 243 n.3; and infantilization, viii, 2, 4-5, 230-31; influence on study of history of childhood, 2-5, 9, 13, 41-42,84,225,227,230,233;and medieval imprecision oflanguage, 24, 28-29; and modern family life, 24,45-46, 47-49; on schooling, 46; and Whiggism, 22-24,40-41 Arnett, Jeffrey,]., 245 n.14 art: Aries on medieval paintings, 3-5, 17, 25-26,44-46,47-49, 50, 243 n.3; change hypothesis and, 3-5, 17, 25-26, 45-46; Dutch materials and historiography, 44-46, 47-49, 50; examples of tenderness toward children, 3; family portraits and image offamily, 45-46, 47-49; and medieval awareness of childhood, 25-26; and Renaissance interest in children, 38 attachment theory, 196-97 Attention Deficit Disorder, 99 Barker, Roger G., 204 Bartholomew Anglicus, 26 Basedow, Johan Bernard, 5, 6 Beecher, Catherine, 71, 74 280 Index behaviorism: and devaluation of parents' roles, 20 I, 229; in developmental psychology, 190-94, 229; psychoanalysis and, 193-94,201, 216; Watson and, 190-93, 194, 229 Bell, Rudolph M., 27 Benedict, Ruth, 238 Berkeley Growth Study, vii Biggs, John B., 142 A Biographical Sketch ofan Infant (Darwin), 186 Blankaart, Stephanus, 58 Blow, Susan, 208-9, 247 n.5 Boring, Edwin G., 219,220 Boswell, John, 36-37 Bower, T. G. R., 183-86 Bradley, Ben S., 185, 203 Bradley, Milton, 208 Breeuwsma, Gerrit, viii, 16, 226, 234, 238 Bremner, Robert, 210 Brezinka, Wolfgang, 169 Bryant, Peter, 15, Buchan, William, 63, 66, 68-69, 246 n.2 Buhler, Karl, 127 Burman, Erica, 203 Busch-Rossnagel, Nancy A., 199 Cadogan, William, 66, 68 Cahan, Emily, 221 Calvert, Karin, 100, 226, 230, 233, 238 Campbell, Donald, 219 Campe,Johan Heinrich, 5 Cats, Jacob, 43, 55-57 Centuries of Childhood (Aries), viii, 21, 84 The Century ofthe Child (Key), viii, 10, 124, 162,227-28 Chandler, Alfred D., Jr., 205 change hypothesis, Aries, 2-5, 17, 21, 24-26,45-46, 231, 243 n.3 Child Development Movement, 214, 215-17 Child Guidance Movement, 216 The Child in Seventeenth-Century Dutch Painting (Durantini), 48 Child Study Movement, ix, 187-89, 190, 198,200,214,228 childrearing manuals: and ambivalence toward parents, 202; American middle class and expansion of genre, 71; Dutch advice literature, 54-60; gender issues and, 109; Japanese preindustrial, 120, 129-30; medieval, 26; and twentieth-century childrearing, 99-101 childrearing patterns in America, 62-81, 226; adult intervention/molding, 63-65; ambulatory children, 65-67; baby swings and jumpers, 73; childrearing manuals and, 71, 99-101, 109, 202; and children as problems, 96-97, 99-104; children 's clothing, 68-69, 79-80, 90, 109; children's exposure to cold, 69; children's literature, 71, 77-78; children's rooms, 69-70, 74-75, 77-78; colonial childhood, 63-67; consumerism and, 104-8, Ill; cradles , 64-65, 69, 74; crawling and creeping, 65-66, 73...