Representation: Elections and Beyond

Contents

C O N T E N T S Introduction. The Multiplying Challenges of Modern Representation Rogers M. Smith and Jack H. Nagel 1 I. REPRESENTATION THROUGH ELECTIONS 13 Chapter 1. Evaluating U.S. Electoral Institutions in Comparative Perspective André Blais 15 Chapter 2. Are American Elections Sufficiently Democratic? Dennis F. Thompson 26 Chapter 3. Barriers to Voting in the Twenty-First Century Alexander Keyssar 39 Chapter 4. Uneven Democracy: Turnout, Minority Interests, and Local Government Spending Zoltan Hajnal and Jessica Trounstine 59 Chapter 5. Fairness and Bias in Electoral Systems Anthony McGann 90 Chapter 6. Political Party Organizations, Civic Representation, and Participation Georgia Kernell 114 II. REPRESENTATION BEYOND ELECTIONS 137 Chapter 7. The Paradox of Voting—for Republicans: Economic Inequality, Political Organization, and the American Voter Jacob S. Hacker and Paul Pierson 139 vi Contents Chapter 8. A Democratic Balance: Bureaucracy, Political Parties, and Political Representation Pradeep Chhibber and Susan L. Ostermann 166 Chapter 9. The Closing of the Frontier: Political Blogs, the 2008 Election, and the Online Public Sphere Matthew Hindman 192 Chapter 10. The Technological Basis of Organizational Membership: Representation of Interests in the New Media Age Dave Karpf 215 Chapter 11. The Principle of Affected Interests: An Interpretation and Defense Archon Fung 236 Chapter 12. Citizen Representatives Mark E. Warren 269 Notes 295 List of Contributors 315 Index 319 Acknowledgments 339 Representation This page intentionally left blank ...