Russian Jews Between the Reds and the Whites, 1917-1920

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Figure 1. Baron G. O. Gintsburg (sitting) and G. B. Sliozberg (1905 or 1906). From the collection of the Center “Petersburg Judaica.” Courtesy of the Center “Petersburg Judaica.” Figure 2. Young women Bundists: a group of students from the Minsk Trade School, summer 1914. RGASPI, fond Bunda (Russian State Archive of SocialPolitical History, Bund Collection). Figure 3. “A Bundist.” Postcard, 1917. Drawing by V. A. Taburin. Courtesy of V. E. Kelner. Figure 4. “Down with the Pale of Settlement.” Caricature, 1917. Courtesy of V. E. Kelner. The upper-left corner reads, “We are no longer bound by the Pale / We are free in the Russian lands / And now our garlic sausage / We can sell even in the Kremlin.” Figure 3. “A Bundist.” Postcard, 1917. Drawing by V. A. Taburin. Courtesy of V. E. Kelner. Figure 4. “Down with the Pale of Settlement.” Caricature, 1917. Courtesy of V. E. Kelner. The upper-left corner reads, “We are no longer bound by the Pale / We are free in the Russian lands / And now our garlic sausage / We can sell even in the Kremlin.” Figure 3. “A Bundist.” Postcard, 1917. Drawing by V. A. Taburin. Courtesy of V. E. Kelner. Figure 4. “Down with the Pale of Settlement.” Caricature, 1917. Courtesy of V. E. Kelner. The upper-left corner reads, “We are no longer bound by the Pale / We are free in the Russian lands / And now our garlic sausage / We can sell even in the Kremlin.” Figure 5. “Jewish societies during the holiday of the revolution.” Postcard, 1917. Courtesy of V. E. Kelner. The banner has the following slogans in Yiddish: “Long live the democratic republic!” “Long live the national autonomy of the peoples of Russia,” “Long live international socialism!” “Long live the Jewish Socialist Workers Party!” Figure 6. R. A. Abramovich-Rein, one of the Mensheviks and a Bund leader. Provided by RGASPI, fond Bunda (Russian State Archive of SocialPolitical History, Bund Collection). Figure 7. O. S. Minor, August 1917. Minor was chairman of the Moscow city council in 1917. Drawing by Iu. K. Artsybushev. Figure 8. L. D. Trotsky, December 1917–January 1918. Drawing by Iu. K. Artsybushev. Figure 9. Iu. O. Martov, the Mensheviks’ leader, December 1917–January 1918. Drawing by Iu. K. Artsybushev. Figure 10. S. M. Dimanshtein, Chairman of the central Bureau of Evsektsiia (Jewish Sections of the Communist Party), 1918–19. GARF, fond S. M. Dimanshteina (State Archive of Russian Federation, S. M. Dimanshtein Collection). Figure 11. Meeting of the Sovnarkom, October 17, 1918. Foreground, third from left: S. M. Dimanshtein. GARF, fond S. M. Dimanshteina (State Archive of Russian Federation, S. M. Dimanshtein Collection). Figure 12. S. M. Dimanshtein (fourth from right) with a group of German Communists mobilized to work in the countryside (i.e., to carry out collectivization), January 1, 1930. GARF, fond S. M. Dimanshteina (State Archive of Russian Federation, S. M. Dimanshtein Collection). Figure 13. M. M. Vinaver as a Deputy of the First State Duma. Postcard, 1906. Courtesy of V. E. Kelner. Figure 15. False travel document used by M. M. Vinaver to enter and exit Moscow and other cities of the RSFSR, 1918. GARF, fond M. M. Vinavera (State Archive of Russian Federation, M. M. Vinaver Collection). Figure 14. False travel document dated 1918. It was used by M. M. Vinaver to enter and exit Moscow and other cities of the RSFSR. GARF, fond M. M. Vinavera (State Archive of Russian Federation, M. M. Vinaver Collection). Figure 16. M. M. Vinaver as Minister of the Crimean government, 1919. GARF, fond M. M. Vinavera (State Archive of Russian Federation, M. M. Vinaver Collection). Figure 17 (above). M. M. Vinaver’s calling card as Minister of Foreign Relations for the Crimean government, 1919. GARF, fond M. M. Vinavera (State Archive of Russian Federation, M. M. Vinaver Collection). Figure 18. Grand Duke Nikolai Nikolayevich, Commander in Chief of the Russian Army, 1914–15. Photo taken at his estate near Paris in 1926. Courtesy of the Hoover Institution Archives. Figure 19. General M. V. Alekseev, founder of the Volunteer Army, August 1917. Drawing by Iu. K. Artsybushev. Figure 20. General A. I. Denikin at a parade in Kharkov, 1919. Photo provided by the Hoover Institution Archives. Courtesy of the Hoover Institution Archives. Figure 21. General Denikin and...