Heresy and Authority in Medieval Europe

Contents

CONTENTS Introduction: Heresy and Authority in Medieval Europe 1 I "THE HERETICS OF OLD": THE DEFINITION OF ORTHODOXY AND HERESY IN LATE ANTIQUITY AND THE EARLY MIDDLE AGES 13 1 Tertullian: An Injunction against Heretics 29 2 St. Augustine: On Manichaeism 32 3 Theodoret: The Rise of Arianism 38 4 Theodoret: Arius's Letter to Eusebius of Nicomedia 41 5 The Creed of Nicaea (325) and Constantinople (381) 41 6 Compelle lntrare: The Coercion of Heretics in the Theodosian Code, 438 42 7 st. Isidore of Seville: On the Church and the Sects 47 8 Alcuin: Against the Adoptionist Heresy of Felix 50 II THE PROBLEM OF REFORM, DISSENT, AND HERESY IN THE ELEVENTH AND TWELFTH CENTURIES 57 9 Paul of St. Pere de Chartres: Heretics at Orleans, 1022 66 10 Guibert of Nogent: Heretics at Soissons, 1114 72 11 William the Monk: The Debate with Henry of Le Mans 75 12 Otto of Freising: Arnold of Brescia in Rome, 1148-55 78 13 Peter Abelard at the Council of Soissons, 1121: The Historia Calamitatum 80 [v] [vi] Contents 14 St. Bernard to Pope Innocent II: Against Abelard, 1140 87 15 Everinus of Steinfeld: Letter to st. Bernard, 1143 91 16 St. Bernard: Sermon 65 on The Song of Songs, 1144 95 III THE CATHARS 103 17 The Sermon of Cosmas the Priest against Bogomilism 108 18 A Standoff at Lombers, 1165 117 19 The Cathar Council at Saint-Felix-de-Caraman, 1167 121 20 Pierre des Vaux de Cernay: The Historia Alhfgensis 123 21 Rainier Sacconi: A Thirteenth-Century Inquisitor on Catharism 125 22 Chroniclers and Cathars on Catharism: The Heretics of Lombardy 133 IV THE WALDENSIANS 139 23 Etienne de Bourbon: The Waldensians and Vernacular Scripture 144 24 Walter Map: On the Waldensians, 1179 144 25 Valdes's Profession of Faith 147 26 David of Augsburg: On the Waldensians of Bavaria, 1270 149 27 The Passau Anonymous: On the Origins of Heresy and the Sect of the Waldensians 150 V THE WAY OF CARITAS: PREACHING, PENITENCE, AND PASTORALISM 165 28 The Third Lateran Council, 1179: Heretics Are Anathema 168 29 Pope Lucius III: The Decretal Ad Abolendum, 1184 170 30 The Fourth Lateran Council, 1215: Credo and Confession, Canons 1,3,21 173 31 Pope Innocent Ill: The Decretal Cum ex officii nostri, 1207 178 32 Burchard of Ursperg: On the New Orders 178 33 St. Antony's Sermon to the Fish 180 Contents [vii] 34 St. Thomas Aquinas: Whether Heretics Should Be Tolerated 182 35 Pope Innocent III and Durand of Huesca, 1210 184 VI THE WAY OF POTESTAS: CRUSADE AND CRIMINAL SANCTIONS 189 36 Caesarius of Heisterbach: The Stake 193 37 The Council of Toulouse, 1229 194 38 Pope Gregory IX: The Decretal Ille humani generis, 1231 196 39 The Council of Tarragona, 1242 198 40 A Manual for Inquisitors at Carcasonne, 1248-49 200 41 The Liber Augustalis of Frederick II, 1231 207 42 The Schwabenspiegel: Concerning Heretics, 1235 209 43 Thirteenth-Century French Royal Legislation Against Heretics 210 44 The English Statute De haeretico comburendo, 1401 212 VII INTELLECTUAL POSITIONS CONDEMNED IN THE THIRTEENTH AND FOURTEENTH CENTURIES 217 45 Errors Condemned at the University of Paris, 1270 220 46 Faith and Philosophy in the Arts Faculty of Paris, 1272 221 47 The Condemnation of 219 Propositions at Paris, 1277 223 48 The Condemnation of Marsiglio of Padua and John of Jandun, 1327 230 49 Petrarch: On Some Fourteenth-Century Latin Averroists, 1364 231 VIII THE SPIRITUAL FRANCISCANS AND VOLUNTARY POVERTY 235 50 St. Bonaventure: On dominium and usus 240 51 Ubertino da Casale: Violations of dominium and usus 243 52 Pope John XXII: The Decretal Gloriosam ecclesiam, 1318, on the Errors of the Fraticelli 245 [viii] Contents 53 Pope John XXII: The Decretal Cum inter nonullas, 1323 247 54 James of the March: Against the Spirituals, ca. 1450 248 IX PEASANT CATHARS IN THE ARIEGE IN THE EARLY FOURTEENTH CENTURY 251 55 The Inquisitorial Register of Jacques Fournier 253 X THE AGE OF WYCLIF AND HUS 265 56 John Wyclif: On Indulgences 267 57 Pope Gregory XI to the Masters of Oxford: On Wyclif 271 58 Wyclif's Response to Pope Urban VI 273 59 The Council of Constance, 1415: The Condemnation of Wyclifism 274 60 The Lollard Conclusions, 1394 277 61 John Hus: On Simony 282 62 The Council of Constance, 1415: The Condemnation of Hus's Errors 286 63 Peter...