Revolutionary Backlash: Women and Politics in the Early American Republic

Notes

Notes Introduction 1. Maryland Gazette and Political Intelligencer (Annapolis), October 21, 1819; Judith Sargent Murray, The Gleaner, ed. Nina Baym (Schenectady, N.Y.: Union College Press, 1992 [orig. pub. 1798]), 702–3. See also Sheila Skemp, Judith Sargent Murray: A Brief Biography with Documents (Boston: Bedford Books, 1998). 2. Columbian Centinel/ Massachusetts Federalist (Boston), January 24, 1801; Hannah Adams, A Memoir of Miss Hannah Adams, Written by herself: With Additional Notices by a Friend (Boston: Gray & Bowen, 1832), 86. 3. Linda K. Kerber, Women of the Republic: Intellect and Ideology in Revolutionary America (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1980); Mary Beth Norton , Liberty’s Daughters: The Revolutionary Experience of American Women, 1750–1800 (Glenview, Ill.: Little, Brown, & Co., 1980). For the view that women had no revolution , see Joan Hoff-Wilson, ‘‘The Illusion of Change: Women and the American Revolution,’’ in The American Revolution: Explorations in the History of American Radicalism, ed. A. Young (DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 1976), 383– 445. 4. Joan Wallach Scott’s Gender and Politics of History (New York: Columbia University Press, 1996) provides a discussion of the theoretical framework for this approach. 5. Catherine Allgor, Parlor Politics in Which the Ladies of Washington Help Build a City and a Government (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 2000); Susan Branson, These Fiery Frenchified Dames: Women and Political Culture in Early National Philadelphia (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2001); Cynthia A. Kierner, Beyond the Household: Women’s Place in the Early South, 1700–1835 (Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1998); Simon P. Newman, Parades and the Politics of the Street: Festive Culture in the Early American Republic (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1997); David Waldstreicher, In the Midst of Perpetual Fetes: The Making of American Nationalism, 1776–1820 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1997); Jan Lewis, ‘‘‘Of Every Age Sex & Condition’: The Representation of Women in the Constitution,’’ Journal of the Early Republic 15 (Fall 1995): 359–87; Jan Lewis, ‘‘Politics and the Ambivalence of the Private Sphere: Women in Early Washington, D.C.,’’ in A Republic for the Ages: The United States Capitol and the Political Culture of the Early Republic, ed. Donald R. Kennon (Charlottesville : University Press of Virginia, 1999), 122–51. Other groundbreaking works relating to women and politics in this period include Paula Baker, ‘‘The Domestication of Politics: Women and American Political Society, 1780–1920,’’ American Historical Review 89 (1984): 620–47; and Ruth H. Bloch, ‘‘The Gendered Meanings of Virtue in Revolutionary America,’’ Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 13 (1987): 37–58. 188 Notes to Pages 3–11 6. Sean Wilentz, The Rise of American Democracy: Jefferson to Lincoln (New York: W. W. Norton, 2005). 7. Kerber, Women of the Republic, 269–88; Jan Lewis, ‘‘The Republican Wife: Virtue and Seduction in the Early Republic,’’ William & Mary Quarterly 3rd ser., 44 (October 1987): 689–721. Linda Kerber explores some of the contradictions in the trope of republican motherhood in ‘‘Making Republicanism Useful,’’ Yale Law Journal 97 (July 1988): 1663–72; and in ‘‘Separate Spheres, Female Worlds, Woman’s Place: The Rhetoric of Women’s History,’’ Journal of American History 75 (1988): 9–39. 8. Scott, Gender and the Politics of History, 26; Mary Kelley, Learning to Stand and Speak: Women, Education and Public Life in America’s Republic (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2006), 5; John L. Brooke, ‘‘Consent, Civil Society, and the Public Sphere in the Age of Revolution and the Early American Republic ,’’ in Beyond the Founders: New Approaches to the Political History of the Early American Republic, ed. Jeffrey L. Pasley, Andrew W. Robertson, and David Waldstreicher (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2004), 207–50. 9. Mary P. Ryan, Women in Public: Between Banners and Ballots, 1825–1880 (Baltimore : Johns Hopkins University Press, 1990), 19–57; Ronald Zboray and Mary Saracino Zboray, ‘‘Political News and Female Readership in Antebellum Boston and Its Region,’’ Journalism History 22 (Spring 1996): 2–14; Ronald Zboray and Mary Saracino Zboray, ‘‘Whig Women, Politics, and Culture in the Campaign of 1840: Three Perspectives from Massachusetts,’’ Journal of the Early Republic 17 (Summer 1997): 278–315; Janet L. Coryell, ‘‘Superseding Gender: The Role of the Woman Politico in Antebellum Partisan Politics,’’ in Women and the Unstable State in Nineteenth-Century America, ed. Alison M. Parker and Sarah Barringer Gordon (College Station: Texas A&M Press, 2000), 84–112; Elizabeth R. Varon, We Mean to Be Counted: White Women and Politics in Antebellum Virginia (Chapel Hill: University of...