Notes
Notes Introduction r. Doat 25 fols. nr-I4V. The case is discussed briefly inA. Murray, Suicide in the Middle Ages, vol. I, The ViolentAgainst Themselves (Oxford: Oxford University Press, I998), I87-88. There is nothing in the record to support Murray's description of Bernard as a "suspected Cathar Perfect?' 2. E. Muir and G. Ruggerio, "The Crime ofHistory," in Historyfrom Crime, ed. E. Muir and G. Ruggerio, trans. C. B. Curry (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, I994), vii. 3. For such a revision, see M. Benad, Domus und Religion in Montaillou: Katholische Kirche und Katharismus im Uberlebenskampfder Familie des Pfarreres Petrus Clerici amAnfang des I4. ]ahrhunderts (Ttibingen: Mohr, I990). 4· For an overview of Catharism, seeM. Lambert, The Cathars (Oxford: Blackwell , I998) and M. Barber, The Cathars: Dualist Heretics in Languedoc in the High Middle Ages (Harlow: Longman, 2000); on Languedoc, L. Paterson, The World ofthe Troubadours: Medieval Occitan Society, c. uoo-c. I300 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, I993), and J. H. Mundy, Society and Government at Toulouse in the Age ofthe Cathars (Toronto: Pontifical Institute ofMedieval Studies, I997). 5. C. Ginzburg, "The Inquisitor as Anthropologist;' in Clues, Myths, and the Historical Method, trans. J. and A. Tedeschi (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, I989), I57· 6. There have been a variety of excellent historiographical overviews of Catharism in recent years, among which see A. Borst, Les Cathares, trans. Ch. Roy (Paris: Payot, I984), 9-53; P. Martel, "Les Cathares et leurs historiens;' in Les Cathares en Occitanie, ed. R. Lafont (Paris: Fayard, I982), 409-83; and the essays inHistoriographie du catharisme, CdF I4 (I979). 7· For a relatively recent Catholic apologist account seeM. Bevenot, "The Inquisition and Its Antecedents;' Heythrop ]ournal7, 3 (I966): 257-68; no. 4 (I966): 38I-93; 8, I (I966): 52-69; no. 2 (I966): I52-68. 8. See R. Manselli, "Les Approches materialistes de l'histoire du catharisme;' CdF I4 (I979): 229-48; J.-L. Biget, "Mythographie du catharisme (I870-I960)," CdF I4 (I979): 27I-342; A. Vauchez, "Les Recherches frans Inner Demons: An Enquiry Inspired by the Great Witch-Hunt (London: Sussex University Press, I975), I6-22. 5. For a survey of medieval heresies, see M. Lambert, Medieval Heresy: Popular Movements from the Gregorian Reform to the Reformation, 2nd ed. (Oxford: Blackwell, I992). 6. J. B. Russell, "Interpretations on the Origins of Medieval Heresy;' Mediaeval Studies 25 (I963): 26-53; Stock, Implications, 92-IOI. On problems presented by the sources, seeR. Morghen, "Problemes sur l'origine de l'hen!sie au moyen age," in Heresies et sociites dans PEurope pri-industrielle, ue-18e si&cles, ed. J. Le Goff (Paris: Mouton, I968), 122. 7. R. I. Moore, The Origins ofEuropean Dissent (London: Allen Lane, I977), 45, 83, and passim; C. Thouzellier "Tradition et resurgence dans l'heresie medievale;' in Heresies et sociite, ed. Le Goff, I08. For a provocative view, that seeks to link various heresies together, see J.-P. Poly and E. Boumazel, The Feudal Transformation: 900-1200, trans. C. Higgitt (NewYork: Holmes &Meier, I99I), 272-308; fora rebuttal, seeR. I. Moore, "Heresy, Repression, and Social Change in the Age of Gregorian Reform;' in Christendom and Its Discontents: Exclusion, Persecution, and Rebellion, 1000-JSOO, ed. S. L. Waugh and P. D. Diehl (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, I996), I9-46. 8. H. Grundmann, Religious Movements in the Middle Ages, trans. S. Rowan (Notre Dame, Ind.: University ofNotre Dame Press, I995); Moore, Origins, 46-1 36; Thouzellier, "Tradition et resurgence;' 109. 9. Stock, Implications, 92-ISI; R. I. Moore, "New Sects and Secret Meetings: Association and Authority in the Eleventh andTwelfth Centuries;' SCH 23 (I986): 57. Io. Moore, Origins, I68-240; B. Hamilton, "The Cathar Council of St Felix Reconsidered;' in Monastic Reform, Catharism and the Crusades (900-I30o) (London: Variorum, I979), 23-53. Mark Pegg has recently presented strenuous arguments against this institutional picture of Catharism (and indeed, against using the name "Catharism") in M. Pegg, The Corruption ofAngels: The Great Inquisition of1245-1246 (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2001). As Chapter 4 will show, I have some sympathy with this position, although I would not extend the argument as far, or in quite the same way. I I. See G. Audisio, The Waldensian Dissent: Persecution and SurPi:val, c.II?O-C.1S70, trans. C. Davison (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, I999). I2. Moore, Formation, 9-Io, 13I and passim; B. Bolton, "Tradition andTemerity: Notes to Pages 25-27 Papal Attitudes to Deviants, 1159-I2I6;' SCH 9 (I972): 79 (similarly, see G. Leff, "Heresy and the Decline of...
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