Wages of Evil: Dostoevsky and Punishment

Index

225 acquittals: and death penalty, 26; Dostoevsky ’s critique of, 9, 52–54, 57, 62–64, 107; and guilt vs. culpability, 207n27; Kairova’s, 62–63, 67, 157, 188n1; Kornilova’s, 12–13, 64–69, 75–77, 79, 189n9; Kronenberg’s, 62–63, 162; rates of in Russia vs. West, 186n44; Zasulich’s, 64, 67. See also under attorneys; court; defendants; juries; trials Adams, Bruce, 4, 181n31, 183n42, 191n10, 193n25, 193n30 adjudication, 16, 145, 147, 152–54, 156. See also judges; judgment affect: in Brothers Karamazov, 66, 189n11; and Kairova case, 189n11; and Kornilova case, 66, 68, 72–73, 75; Nekliudov on, 72. See also insanity; pregnancy Aikhenval’d, Iulii, 53, 186n45 Akhsharumov, N., 210n10 Alexander I (Emperor of Russia), 39 Alexander II (Emperor of Russia), 28, 39, 181n31 Alexander III (Emperor of Russia), 28, 207n30 alienation, 13, 44, 91, 97, 194n41 Alyosha Karamazov (in The Brothers Karamazov), 36, 95, 96, 112; and affirmative memory, 137–38; and retribution, 19; and Zosima, 109 ambiguity, 14, 71, 99–103, 196n70. See also ambivalence; hesitation ambivalence, 6, 11, 174; in Brothers Karamazov, 112; vs. confidence, 14, 104–7; in House of the Dead, 13–14, 80, 92, 97–98, 100, 103–5, 108, 143; and Kornilova case, 65, 79; and lichnost’, 205n4. See also ambiguity; hesitation anthropology. See criminal anthropology Aristov, N. Ia., 129 associationist psychology, 116–17, 199nn3–4. See also empiricist psychology attorneys: in Brothers Karamazov, 161–67; cause gratuitous acquittals, 62–64, 67– 68, 162, 188n1; Dostoevsky’s novels as models for, 16, 151, 154, 161, 166; and judgment by conscience, 153–54; and Kornilova case, 66–68; novelistic techniques of, 146, 161–67, 204n3. See also acquittals; Fetiukovich; trials Atwell, John W., Jr., 186n44 Auburn penitentiary (New York), 192n19 Bakhtin, Mikhail, 5, 102; on unfinalizable self, 160; on Zosima’s narrative, 109, 113, 198n84, 198n92 bandits, 129 banishment, 25, 57. See also excommunication Barry, Jeanne Bécu, comtesse du (“Madame du”), 22 Beccaria, Cesare, 7, 50, 60, 147, 180n14, 185n30; consequentialism of, 48, 49, 58– 59; on death penalty, 24–25; Essay on Crimes and Punishments, 24, 43, 45–48; on inequality of punishment, 43, 45–46; influences Catherine the Great, 45; on literal application of law, 46–47; Russian translations of, 43, 45, 184n11. See also social harm Becker, Elisa M., 207n25, 207n27 Belinsky, Vissarion, 172–73, 192n18, 209n9 Belknap, Robert, 7 Bender, John, 199n9, 202n46 Benkendorf, Alexander K., 193n23 Index Index 226 Bentham, Jeremy, 50, 115, 119, 120, 121, 199n9; on local vs. universal jurisprudence , 182n41; on panopticon, 117–18, 124; on proportion between punishments and offenses, 185n30 Berdiaev, Nikolai, 50–51, 52, 173, 209n10 Berkeley, George, 199n4 Bernard, Claude, 69 bezlichnost’ (facelessness), 148. See also face Bhat, Girish N., 153, 190n14, 206n17, 207nn26–27 Bible, 85, 96, 110; and childhood memories , 138; and Christ’s injunction to adulteress , 64; and God as only judge, 150; and grace, 77; and lex talionis, 49 Blank, Ksana, 191n33, 197n80 Bludov, Count D. N., 83, 192n14 Boguslavsky sisters, 58 Botkin, V. P., 172, 173 Brothers Karamazov (Dostoevsky), 11, 14, 52, 67, 79, 80, 209n65; “affect” mocked in, 66, 189n11; and affirmative memory, 137–38; church and state discussion in, 29, 129–31, 170–73; courtroom defense in, 161–68; vs. Crime and Punishment , 110–11, 113, 198n89; flogging condemned in, 35–37; and intention, 157–58; Mysterious Visitor’s and peasant woman’s confessions in, 109–13, 198nn89–90; and retribution, 19; Richard ’s story in, 27, 96–97; and universal reconciliation, 150; Western prisons critiqued in, 95–97. See also Alyosha Karamazov; Fetiukovich; Fyodor Karamazov ; Ivan Karamazov; Zosima Burnham, William, 206n17 Canuel, Mark, 187n54 capital punishment. See death penalty “Case That Is Not as Simple as It Seems” (Dostoevsky), 69, 189n9 Cassedy, Steven, 7 casuistry, 60–61, 65, 158 Catherine II, the Great (Empress of Russia ), 33, 35, 39, 83; Instruction to the Legislative Commission (Nakaz), 45, 184n11 cellular prison system (solitary confinement ): defined, 84; Dickens critiques, 94–95; Dostoevsky’s experience of, 11, 93; Gorianchikov condemns, 56, 93, 95, 97; history of in Russia and West, 84– 89, 192n19; as inappropriate to Russian communal mentality, 87–89; Nicholas I favors, 86; and theories of self, 118, 196n69. See also isolation; silent prison system; solitude character. See interiority; personality; self; soul Charter to the Nobility, 39 Chekhov, Anton, 82; Sakhalin Island, 98– 99, 182n40 Chernyshevsky, Nikolai, 7, 123, 124, 147, 200n17; “Anthropological Principle in Philosophy” (“Antropologicheskii printsip v filosofii”), 120–21; Dostoevsky on, 200n20, 200n24; on nature of...