Sergei Dovlatov and His Narrative Masks

Notes

213 CHAPTER 1 1. Arlen V. Bljum, ed., Zensur in der UdSSR. Archivdokumente 1917–1991: Tsenzura v SSSR. Dokumenty 1917–1991 (Bochum: Projekt Verlag, 1999), 375 (emphasis in the original). 2. I. Erenburg, “O rabote pisatelia,” Znamia 10 (1953). 3. V. Pomerantsev, “Ob iskrennosti v literature,” Novyi mir 12 (1953). 4. V. M. Piskunov, Chistyi ritm mnemoziny (Moscow: Al’fa-M, 2005), 446. 5. Vladimir Maramzin, “Uroki Nabokova. Leningrad, 60–e gody,” Zvezda 7 (2000): 202. 6. Boris Eikhenbaum, “O. Genri i teoriia novelly” (“O. Henry and the Theory of the Novella”), in Literatura: Teoriia, kritika, polemika (Chicago: Russian Language Specialties, 1969), 166. 7. Maurice Friedberg, A Decade of Euphoria: Western Literature in PostStalin Russia, 1954–1964 (Bloomington and London: Indiana University Press, 1977). 8. This is discussed in detail in Raisa Orlova, Kheminguei v Rossii (Hemingway in Russia) (Ann Arbor, Mich: Ardis, 1985). 9. Petr Vail’ and Aleksandr Genis, 60–e: Mir sovetskogo cheloveka (The Sixties: The World of Soviet Man) (Moscow: Novoe Literaturnoe Obozrenie, 1996), 280. 10. There was an open polemic in the Soviet Union against such a standpoint , as can be seen, for example, in Mikhail Sholokhov’s Sud’ba cheloveka (The Fate of a Man) which polemicizes with The Old Man and the Sea. In Viktor Nekrasov’s V okopakh Stalingrada (In the Trenches of Stalingrad) one of the stories is called Posviashchaetsia Khemingueiu (Dedicated to Hemingway). Iurii Kazakov in his Goluboe i zelenoe (Blue and Green) also pays tribute to the Hemingway theme. 11. Konstantin Chugunov, “Soviet Critics on J. D. Salinger’s Novel The Catcher in the Rye,” Soviet Literature 5 (1962). 12. Slobodanka Vladiv-Glover, “Rediscovery of the Other,” in Russian Notes 214 Notes to Pages 6–11 Postmodernism: New Perspectives on Post-Soviet Culture, ed. Mikhail Epstein , Alexander Genis, and Slobodanka Vladiv-Glover (New York and Oxford: Berghahn Books, 1999), 32. 13. Alexander Genis, “Paradigms of Contemporary Culture,” in Epstein, Genis, and Vladiv-Glover, Russian Postmodernism, 411. 14. Harvey Swados, “Must Writers Be Characters?” in J. D. Salinger: Reviews , Essays and Critiques of “The Catcher in the Rye” and Other Fiction, ed. M. Laser and N. Fruman (New York: Odyssey, 1963), 119–20. 15. Andrei Ar’ev, “Nasha malen’kaia zhizn’,” in Sergei Dovlatov, Sobranie prozy v trekh tomakh (St. Petersburg: Limbus, 1993), 1:16. 16. Aleksandr Genis, “Sad kamnei: Sergei Dovlatov,” Zvezda 7 (1997): 236. 17. Katerina Clark, The Soviet Novel: History as Ritual (Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana University Press, 2000), 189–234. 18. Benedikt Sarnov, Nash sovetskii novoiaz: Malen’kaia entsiklopediia real’nogo sotsializma (Moscow: Materik, 2002), 185–86. 19. B. I. Ivanov, “Evoliutsiia literaturnykh dvizhenii v piatidesiatyevos ’midesiatye gody,” in Istoriia leningradskoi nepodtsenzurnoi literatury: 1950– 1980–e gody, ed. B. I. Ivanov (St. Petersburg: Dean, 2000), 21–22. 20. R. Lachmann, Demontazh krasnorechiia: Ritoricheskaiia traditsiia i poniatie poeticheskogo (St. Petersburg: Akademicheskii proekt, 2001), translation from German; M. O. Chudakova, Literatura sovetskogo proshlogo (Moscow : Iazyki Russkoi Kul’tury, 2001); Evgenii Dobrenko, The Making of the Soviet State Reader: Social and Aesthetic Contexts of the Reception of Soviet Literature (Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1997). 21. Piskunov, Chistyi ritm mnemoziny, 464. 22. In his later writing Vasilii Aksenov experimented with the grotesque. Aksenov himself dates this change to a meeting between members of the Soviet intelligentsia and Khrushchev in December 1962, when apparently Khrushchev shouted at the writers and painters, “Eto pederastia v iskusstve, a ne iskusstvo” (Irada Zeinalova, “40 let nazad Khrushchev ustroil raznos avangardistam,” Vesti nedeli [December 14, 2002], http://www.vesti7.ru/news?id=1676). Aksenov left the Soviet Union in 1980 after the Metropol’ affair. 23. Deming Brown, The Last Years of Soviet Russian Literature (Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 1993), 60. 24. Sergei Dovlatov, “Literatura prodolzhaetsia,” Zvezda 3 (1994): 117, first published in Sintaksis 10 (1982), Paris. 25. Sergei Dovlatov, Skvoz’ dzhungli bezumnoi zhizni: Pis’ma k rodnym i druz’iam (St. Petersburg: Zvezda, 2003), 101. 26. “A spot of humanity is needed” (“Chelovechinka nuzhna”), says the editor to the protagonist in the story “An Interview.” Sergei Dovlatov, “Interv’iu,” Iunost’ 6 (1974): 42. 27. Igor’ Efimov, “Rasshiriaia granitsy vozmozhnogo: Interv’iu Alekseia Mi- 215 Notes to Pages 11–14 taeva,” Novyi bereg 10 (2005), http://magazines.russ.ru/bereg/2005/10/ef19-pr .html (accessed March 27, 2006). I am grateful to Aleksei Mitaev for pointing this interview out to me. 28. Sergei Dovlatov, . . . posledniaia kniga . . . (St. Petersburg: Azbukaklassika , 2001), 385. 29. Aleksei...