The Flowering Plants: Flowering Rush to Rushes

Appendix: Additions and Changes to the First Edition

APPENDIX: ADDITIONS AND CHANGES TO THE FIRST EDITION Since the publication of the first edition of Flowering Rush to Rushes ill 1970, several additions to the flora of Illinois in the families covered by this book have bee1ll11ade, and many new distributional records have been added. Also, a large number ofnomenclatural revisions have taken place, resulting in numerous alterations in scientifie names. All of the changes are reflected in the entries below. Since the publication of the first edition of this work, a few new families ofmonocots have been added to the Illinois flora, and the names ofothers have changed. Anew key to the monocots ofIllinois is provided. An asterisk following the name ofthe family indicates that that family is treated in a separate volume ofThe Illustrated Flora ofTllinois series. An asterisk following the name ofa species indicates that there is no lmown specimen from Illinois. KEY TO THE FAMILIES OF MONOCOTS IN ILLINOIS I. Plants climbing or twining (iferect, then usually with a few weak tendrils from the upper axils); leaves net-veined; flowers unisexual. 2. Inflorescence umbellate; ovalY superior; fl.-uit a beny______Smilacaeeae' 2. Inflorescence glomerulate orpanicu~ate; OVaIY inferior; fruit a ...L"...._____ I. Plants erect 01' floating in water (tendrils never present); leaves mostly parallel -veined; flowers bisexual or unisexual. 3. Plants with I or 2 whorls ofleaves. 4. Flowers actinomorphic; ovalY superior; stamens 6. 5. Plants never more than 50 em tall; flower usually bome and Medeola in Liliaceae' 5. Plants more than 50 em tall; flowers usually more than _____.________ in Liliaceae' 4. Flowers zygomOlphic; ovary inferior; stamen I __Isotria in Orchidaceae' 3. Plants with leaves alternate, opposite, basal, or absent. 6. Flowers crowded together in a spadix. 7. Spathe at least partially sUlTounding the spadix_____ Araceae 7. Spathe absent, the spadix borne naked____________Aeol'aceae 256 I A P PEN D I X 6. Flowers not crowded into a spadix (in Ruppia, 2 flowers are bome in a spadixlike stmciure). 8. Plants thalloid, floating in water_________________Lemnaccae 8. Plants with roots, stems and usually leaves, aquatic or terrestrial. 9. Perianth absent or reduced to very minute scales (lodieules) or bristles. ro. Each flower subtended by 1 or more scales; plants generally not true aquatics. I I. Leaves 2-mnked; sheaths usually open; stems usually hollow with solid nodes, often terete; anthers attached above the base_ I I. Leaves (when present) 3-ranked; sheaths closed; stems solid with soft nodes, often 3-angled; anthers attached at the base__ IO. Flowers not subtended by individual scales; plants mostly aquatic. 12. Plants erect; inflorescencc terminal, spieate, thick; leaves vely long, linear, T'yphaceae 12. Plants not erect, free-floating or sometimes rooted in bottom mud; inflorescence axillary or terminal and slenderly spicate; leavcs not very long, usually not linear, usually not strap-shaped. I3. Leaves altemate; stamens 2 or 4; inflorescence spicate and usually terminal or with flowers bome in pairs in a spadixlike stmcture. 14. Stamens 2; flowers on a short spadixlike structure, concealed within the leafsheath; fmit stipitate, drupelike__ 14. Stamens 4; flowers in a spike or head; fruit sessile, appearing as an achene upon 13. Leaves opposite; stamen I; inflorescence not spicate, axillary. IS. Carpel I; fruit beakless_____________Najadaceae IS. Carpels 2'-4; ft'uit beaked_______Zannichelliaceae 9. Perianth present, composed ofeither calyx or corolla or both (plants with perianth reduccd to minute scales or bristles should be sought under the first 9). 16. Pistils simple, more than I, separate or slightly coherent at base. Additions and Changes to the First Edition / 257 I7. Calyx and corolla differentiated in color and texll1re. I8. Inflorescence umbellate; pistils 6, coherent at base; fruit a 18. Infloresccncc not umbellate; pistils IO or more, free to base; fruit an 17. Calyx and corolla not differentiated in color and texture. 19. Carpels usually 6, the axis between them slender________ I9. Cmvels 3, the axis between tilem broadly 3-winged___~_ I6. Pistil J, compound. 20. Ovary superior. 21. Calyx and corolla differentiated in color and texl1lre. 22. Flowers crowded together in adensc head; leaves basaL 22. Flowers bome in cymcs orumbcls; lcaves caulinc_____ 21. Calyx and corolla undifferentiated in color and texture. 23. Flowers unisexual. 24. Leaves net-veined; flowcrs in 24. Leaves parallel-veined; flowcrs in globose clusters, racemes, or panicles. 25. Perianth small, greenish; flowers aggregated in dense globose clusters; stamens 3.. . w • • • _ _ _ _ _ 25. Perianth usually conspicuous, greenish, yellowish , white, or bronze...