207 Notes Abbreviations ALSC Abraham Lincoln Sesquicentennial Commission CW Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln GNMPL Gettysburg National Military Park Library Introduction 1. “‘Lincoln Is World-Wide Symbol of Freedom’ Declares Secretary of State,” Gettysburg (PA) Times, November 18, 1963, 1. 2. Curzon, Modern Parliamentary Eloquence, 73. 3. Simon, Gettysburg, 102; G. Garibaldi, M. Garibaldi, and N. Garibaldi, to Abraham Lincoln, August 6, 1863, in Holzer, Dear Mr. Lincoln, 130. Chapter 5 of the present work includes a discussion of the Italian commemoration of the speech during the Lincoln birth sesquicentennial of 1959. 4. “Constitution,” Journal Officiel de la Republique Français, October 5, 1958, 1. 5. Simon, Gettysburg, 97–99. 6. Wills, Lincoln at Gettysburg, 145, 38; Boritt, Gettysburg Gospel, 3, 175. A search of the keywords “Gettysburg Address” in the New York Times database shows that for every decade from 1900 through 1969, the speech appeared in the newspaper at least once a week on average and reached a rate of every other day from 1930 through 1969. Looking before 1900 is problematic, as the speech was rarely referred to as the Gettysburg Address. 7. Blight, “Theft of Lincoln,” 269–70; Donald, Lincoln Reconsidered, 18. 8. Boritt, Gettysburg Gospel, 161. 9. Nora, “General Introduction,” 7. 10. Kenny, “Freedom and Unity,” 164; De-min, “Standard,” 230–33. 1. The Final Resting Place: The Creation and Dedication of the Soldiers’ National Cemetery 1. Faust, This Republic of Suffering, 69, 247, 90. 2. David Wills to Andrew Curtin, July 24, 1863, in J. Bartlett, Soldiers’ National Cemetery, 1–2. 3. Hofstadter, American Political Tradition, 132. 4. Lincoln, “Annual Message to Congress, December 1, 1862,” in Lincoln, CW, 5:537. 5. Bradsby, 1886 History of Adams County, 375–76. Notes to Pages 8–15 208 6. Theodore Dimon to John F. Seymour, August 1, 1863, in Report of the General Agent, 60–61. 7. Georg, “‘This Grand National Enterprise’: The Origins of Gettysburg’s Soldiers’ National Cemetery & Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association,” unpublished MS, 1982, 7, 15–17, GNMPL. 8. Ibid., 31–33. 9. Revised Report, 9, 147. 10. Ibid., 167. 11. Warren,Lincoln’s Gettysburg Declaration,93–94; Ayers,“Their Unfailing Friend,”1. 12. Massachusetts Historical Society, Edward Everett, 1. 13. Boritt, Gettysburg Gospel, 40–41. 14. Carr, Lincoln at Gettysburg, 22–23; Barton, Lincoln at Gettysburg, 48; Kunhardt, New Birth of Freedom, 36–37. 15. Three recent works note that in October the press reported Lincoln would attend the ceremonies: George, “World Will Little Note,” 387; Boritt, Gettysburg Gospel, 38; and D. L. Wilson, Lincoln’s Sword, 208. 16. Andrew Curtin to Abraham Lincoln, September 4, 1863, Abraham Lincoln Papers, Library of Congress. 17. Miers, Lincoln Day by Day, 3:204–13. Michael Burlingame also posits that Curtin may have used this August meeting to ask Lincoln to speak in Gettysburg. Burlingame, Abraham Lincoln, 2:569. 18. David Wills to Andrew Curtin, November 7, 1863, Adams Sentinel (Gettysburg, Pennsylvania), November 10, 1863; Revised Report, 8, 14–15. 19. Harvey Sweney to Andrew Sweney, November 29, 1863, GNMPL. 20. “Dedication of the National Cemetery at Gettysburg,” Indianapolis (IN) Daily Journal, November 23, 1863. 21. Frothingham, Edward Everett, 414. 22. L. Warren, Lincoln’s Gettysburg Declaration, 65–66. 23. Hay, Inside Lincoln’s White House, 111–12. 24. J. Howard Wert, “Lincoln at Gettysburg,” Patriot (Harrisburg, Pennsylvania), February 12, 1909. 25. Boritt, Gettysburg Gospel, 74. John Hay said that Lincoln stood in the doorway . Hay, Inside Lincoln’s White House, 111–12. Junius Remensnyder recalled that Lincoln spoke from a balcony. Junius Remensnyder, “Lincoln’s Delivery of the Gettysburg Address as It Impressed This School Boy Spectator,” Washington Post, February 11, 1912, SM1. Gettysburg’s three local papers and the Associated Press account by Joseph Gilbert do not mention a location for the speech. The editor of Lincoln Day by Day asserts that this speech occurred around 10:00 p.m. in response to a serenade by the 5th New York band. If that is correct, then the speech likely came from the window of the second-floor bedroom Lincoln occupied for the evening. However, it is not entirely clear that the speech came before Lincoln retreated to the bedroom. Miers, Lincoln Day by Day, 3:221. 26. “The National Necropolis,” New York Herald, November 20, 1863. 27. “The Gettysburg Celebration,” Philadelphia (PA) Inquirer, November 21, 1863; Boritt, Gettysburg Gospel, 67. 28. “Consecration of the Soldiers’ National Cemetery,” Adams Sentinel (Gettysburg, Pennsylvania), November 24, 1863. [35.171.22.220] Project MUSE (2024-03-28...