Fenians, Freedmen, and Southern Whites: Race and Nationality in the Era of Reconstruction

Index

209 Index Abbeville Court House, S.C., 26 Aberdeen, Miss., 67 Adams, Charles Francis, 47 African Americans, 6, 136–37; and American nationalism, 142–45; and citizenship , 164–66; comparison to Irish Americans, 14–15; and emigration from the South, 122–24; and ethnic nationalism, 116–24; and foreign immigration, 110–11; and land, 90– 103; relations with Irish Americans, 15; and Republican Party, 20; on suffrage , 25, 155–58. See also Ogeechee uprising Akerman, Amos T., 174 Alabama, 21, 24, 26, 32, 33, 34, 36, 39, 40, 41, 58, 59, 61, 63, 68, 78, 79, 85, 90, 93, 122, 132, 134, 135, 142, 144, 145, 147, 156, 157, 158, 160, 162, 164, 165 Alabama claims, 45, 48, 162 Alamance, N.C., 24 Albany, N.Y., 66 Alexandria Gazette, 118 American Democratic Association, 53 American Revolution, 143, 176 Ancient Order of the Hibernians, 51 Anthony, Susan B., 15 Arkansas, 22, 30, 31, 33, 76, 109, 150 Arkansas Freeman, 111 Arkansas River Valley Immigration Company , 109 Arkansas State Gazette, 132 Athens, Ala., 156 Athens, Ga., 42 Athens, Tenn., 146 Athens Republican, 21, 148 Atlanta, Ga., 42, 61, 73 Atlantic Monthly, 70 Augusta, Ga., 119, 144, 166 Augusta Chronicle and Sentinel, 91, 105 Austin Daily State Gazette, 33, 34, 97, 134, 159 Barnes, Thomas, 67 Baton Rouge, La., 121 Battle of Eccles Hill, 171 Baxley, George, 103 Bayou La Batre, Ala., 154 Beaufort, S.C., 100 Becker, Carl, 176 Bellville Farmers Association, 103 Benning, Henry 24 Birth of a Nation, The, 174 Black Reconstruction in America, 1860– 1880, 84–85 Blairstown, Iowa, 151 Board of Publication, Philadelphia Union League, 57, 140 Booker, Colonel Alfred, 2 Boston, Mass., 52, 53, 64, 169 Boyd, James, 24 Bristow, Benjamin, 174 Brooklyn Academy of Music, 153 Brown, Albert Gallatin, 31 Brown, Thomas N., 137 Brownson, Orestes, 148 Bryant, John E., 29 Buffalo, N.Y., 65, 127 210 Index Bullock County, Ala., 3–5, 105 Burke, Richard, 39 Burnett, George P., 61 Burt, Armistead, 167 Butler, Benjamin, 155 Byrnes, T. A. 23 Caldwell, J. H., 40, 42 Campbell, George, 76 Campbell, James, 160 Campbell, Tunis, 103 Canada, 1–3, 171 Cape Elizabeth, Maine, 57 Carbonari, 55 Cardozo, Francis L., 58, 95, 97, 123, 137, 157 Carlin, David, 37 Catholic Church, 53, 77, 80, 86, 130, 131 Celtic language, 126–27 Celtic Literary Club, 127 Central and Auxiliary Constitutional Club, 36 Charleston, S.C., 27, 78, 144 Charleston Advocate, 90, 111 Charleston Daily Courier, 13, 32, 34 Charleston Daily News, 69, 166 Charleston Daily Republican, 23, 73, 95 Charleston Mercury, 105, 169 Charleston News and Courier, 35 Charlestown, Mass., 53 Chesnut, James, Jr., 13, 104 Chicago, Ill., 44, 127, 129 Chinese labor, 110, 114 Christy, John H., 42 Cincinnati, Ohio, 44 Citizen’s Association, 167 Citizen’s Reform Association, 168 Citizenship, 163–67: African American, 164–66; Irish American, 162–63. See also suffrage civic nationalism: among African Americans , 8, 142–45. See also nationalism Civil Rights Act of 1866, 8 Clan na Gael, 171 Clansman, The, 174 class: and Reconstruction historiography, 81; relationship to nationalism, 82–84 Clay Clubs, 35 Clayton, Powell, 33 Cleveland, 57, 65, 131, 151 Cleveland Morning Leader, 47, 48 Coleman, William, 84 Colfax, Schuyler, 44 Collins, Jerome J., 171 Colored American, 123, 133, 156, 166 Colored Tennessean, 111, 121, 123, 156 Columbus, Ga., 123 Columbus, Miss., 69 Condition, Elevation, Emigration and Destiny of the Colored People of the United States, The, 122 confiscation, 96–98, 139. See also land Conkling, Roscoe, 155 Connecticut, 150 Connor, Walker, 10, 112 Constitutional Club of Mobile, 36, 78, 132 Cook, Wilson, 118 Cooper Institute, 44, 151 Copperheads, 50. See also secret societies countersubversion, 77–80. See also secret societies Cox, George, 94, 156, 164 Cromwell, Oliver, 86 Crystal Springs, Miss., 30 Cub Lake, Miss., 74 Daily Austin Republican, 165 Daily New Era, 146 Daily Newbern Commercial, 91 Daily Press, 70 Danbury, Conn., 57 Davis, Benjamin, 103 Davis, David Brion, 51n3, 80 Davis, Jefferson, 103 Davis Bend, Miss., 103 Davitt, Michael, 172 Dawson, Francis W., 35 Index 211 Decatur, Ala., 157 Decatur, Ga., 68 Decatur, Miss., 69 Declaration of Independence, 144, 170 Deep River Union League, 21, 26, 57. See also Union Leagues. Dell, Valentine, 22 democracy, 166–69 Democratic Party, 34–35, 43, 46, 53, 57, 97, 136, 138, 154, 166, 167, 172, 173; and Reconstruction , 19. See also Pineville Democratic Club; Tammany Hall Democratic-Republican societies, 35 Demopolis, Ala., 165...