Curious Unions: Mexican American Workers and Resistance in Oxnard, California, 1898–1961

Index

345 INDEX absc (American Beet Sugar Company), 1, 4, 44–46, 49–51, 59–62. See also Oxnard Beet Sugar Company accidents, industrial, 56 Aces baseball team, 126–27 aclu (American Civil Liberties Union), 155, 158 acwu (Agricultural and Citrus Workers Union), 166, 168–69, 171–73, 181–82, 183 Adame, Pedro Nares, 236 Adams, Olen, 53–54 adobe residences, 59–62, 92–93, 96–98, 289n73 African Americans, 63, 192–93, 310n83 Agricultural and Citrus Workers Union (acwu), 166, 168–69, 171–73, 181–82, 183 Alarcon, G. 155 alcohol, 72–73 Alianza De Trabajadores Mexicanos, 151–52 Alianza Hispano Americana, La, 173 Alien Land Laws, 57–58 Alinsky, Saul, 227–29 Almaguer, Tomás, 268n48 Alvarado, Juan Bautista, 21 Alvarez, Joseph, 155 American Beet Sugar Company (absc), 1, 4, 44–46, 49–51, 59–62. See also Oxnard Beet Sugar Company American Civil Liberties Union (aclu), 155, 158 American Federation of Labor (afl), 138–39, 184 Americanization, 115–16, 119–30 Andrade, Guillermo, 133 ’antap, 16 anti-Japanese hysteria, 56–58, 199–203 Arguello, Antonio, 66 Asian laborers and residents: baseball and, 127–28; celebrations of, 75–76; discrimination against, 56–58, 191– 92, 199–203; integration of, 86–90; and replacement of subordinated groups, 54, 66–67; safety of, 238–39; segregation of, 94–96; tensions among, 76–77; in Ventura County, 51–54 Asociación Mexicana de Baseball del Sur de California, La, 126–27, 147 Associated Farmers (af), 150, 159, 166, 297n68 Associated Farmers of Ventura County (afvc), 164–65, 167, 194 Ayres, Edward, 205 Baisia, José, 133 band, formation of Latin American, 114 Barajas, Josephine Hernandez, 181 Bard, Thomas, 44–45 Barflies Committee, 245–48 baseball, 125–28, 147 346 index Beach, Robert G., 59, 81, 114–15 Beardsley, Robert, 201–2 berdache, 16–17 Berthold, Simon, 142 Bess, Don, 181 betabeleros, 58–64, 71–74, 92–93, 96, 134–40, 148–55 Bird, Edwin A., 253 bootlegging, 72–73 Borchard, Johannes, 44–45 bounties, 37–38 boxing, 128–30 braceros and bracero program, 193–98; César Chávez on, 229–30; demonstrations against, 248–50; and displacement of domestic workers, 241–44; following César Chávez’s departure, 254–58; heightened controversy over, 252–54; investigation of, 250–52; Oxnard Barflies Committee and, 244–48; Public Law 78 and, 217–26; public opinion and press coverage of, 236–39; safety of braceros, 236, 238–39, 254 Bridges, Harry, 167 Bronner, George, 165 Brown, Joe, 254 Brown, Pat, 250 Buena Vista labor camp, 221 bullfights, 77–78 Bulosan, Carlos, 145–46, 294n35 Busby, Neal, 231 Cabelleria, Father, 105 Cabrillo, Juan Rodríguez, 17 Californios, 5, 24–30 Camarillo, Adolfo, 28, 84 Camarillo, Juan, 26–27 Camarillo, Juan Jr. “Dennis,” 86 Campos, R., 141 Cannery and Agricultural Workers Industrial Union (cawiu), 148–54, 156–58, 297n68 Cannon, Marion, 44 Carballo, Louis, 108–9 Carmona, Ignacio, 66, 203 Carr, John E., 250, 252–53 Carty, Ed, 192 Catholic Church, 97, 103–5, 111, 147 cattle, 23–24 cawiu (Cannery and Agricultural Workers Industrial Union), 148–54, 156–58, 297n68 celebrations, cultural, 75–80, 82–84, 86–90, 115, 146 Chávez, César, 3, 216–17; displaced domestic workers and, 240–41, 243– 44; guiding voter-registration drive, 231–34; Helstein Plan and, 229–30; leaving Oxnard, 255–58; Oxnard Barflies Committee and, 244–48; staging demonstrations, 248–50; working in sugar beet fields, 38 Chávez, Helen, 258 Chew, Ng Poon, 76 child labor, 53, 69–71 China Alley, 73, 94–96, 140–41 Chinese laborers and residents, 54, 66–67, 75–77, 94–96 Chumash, 13–21 Chumash Revolt (1824), 18–19 churches, 97, 103–5, 147, 230–31 cic (Colonia Improvement Company), 46 circuses, 64–65 Cisneros, Armando, 184–85 citrus industry, 74–75, 164–69, 226–27 index 347 citrus workers strike, 166–69; end of, 183–84; evictions during, 173–82; mobilization of, 170–73 Colmenero, Natalia, 212 Colonia Improvement Company (cic), 46 Comité Mexicano Pro-Huelga, El, 169 Commercial Federation of California, 145 Commission on Migratory Labor, 219 Communism, 153, 158–60, 167 community involvement, 111–18, 146, 185–86. See also recreational activities Community Service Organization (cso): Americanization and, 114–16; after César Chávez’s departure, 256–57; demonstrations for, 248–50; displaced domestic workers and, 240–44; Oxnard Barflies Committee and, 244–48; potential of, 225; separation...