The Transatlantic Slave Trade: A History, Revised Edition

Notes

BOB — University of Nebraska Press / Page 375 / / The Transatlantic Slave Trade / James A. Rawley 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 [First Page] [375], (1) Lines: 0 to 47 ——— 10.91699pt PgVar ——— Normal Page PgEnds: TEX [375], (1) notes Introduction 1. D. A. Farnie, “The Commercial Empire of the Atlantic, 1607–1783,” EcHR, 2d ser., XV (1962), 210. Christopher Hill on T. S. Ashton in Stanley L. Engerman,“The Slave Trade and British Capital Formation in the Eighteenth Century: A Comment on the Williams Thesis.” Business History Review, XLVI (1972), 431. 2. C. R. Beazley, Prince Henry the Navigator (New York, 1895), 216–17. For a recent study of Prince Henry that supports Beazley’s contention, see Peter Russell, Prince Henry “the Navigator”: A Life (New Haven ct, 2000), 262–63. 3. Columbus’s letter may be conveniently read in Bradford Chambers, ed., Chronicles of Black Protest (New York, 1968), 24. S. E. Morison, Admiral of the Ocean Sea, 2 vols. (Boston, 1942), II, 169–70. 4. Richard Hakluyt, The Principal Navigations, Voyages, Traffiques & Discoveries of the English Nation, 12 vols. (Glasgow, 1903–1904), X, 7. 5. The deposition of William Fowler, taken from High Court of Admiralty, Examinations , vol. 17, is in Elizabeth Donnan, ed., Documents Illustrative of the History of the Slave Trade to America, 4 vols. (Washington dc, 1930–1935), I, 72. 6. Farnie, “Commercial Empire of the Atlantic.” Ralph Davis, The Rise of the Atlantic Economies (London, 1973). 7. Adam Smith, The Wealth of Nations, A. S. Skinner and W. B. Todd, eds., 2 vols. (Oxford, 1976), I, 389. 8. “Observations on the Trade to Africa and Angola by the Reverend Mr. Gordon,” Brydges ms, st 9, p. 50, Henry E. Huntington Library. 1. The Early Years of the Slave Trade 1. Noel Deerr, The History of Sugar, 2 vols. (London, 1949, 1950), passim. Philip D. Curtin, The Rise and Fall of the Plantation Complex: Essays in Atlantic History (Cambridge , 1990), 3–85. 2. Carlo M. Cipolla, Guns, Sails, and Empires: Technological Innovation and the Early Phases of European Expansion, 1400–1700 (New York, 1965). 3. J. D. Fage, and Roland Oliver, eds., The Cambridge History of Africa, 8 vols. (Cam- BOB — University of Nebraska Press / Page 376 / / The Transatlantic Slave Trade / James A. Rawley 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 [376], (2) Lines: 47 to 80 ——— 10.79999pt PgVar ——— Normal Page PgEnds: TEX [376], (2) bridge, England, 1975–1986), III, 463–566. Suzanne Miers and Igor Kopytoff, eds., Slavery in Africa (Madison wi, 1977), 3–78, quotation 358. 4. Winthrop D. Jordan,White over Black (Chapel Hill nc,1968),passim; quotation 35. C. R. Boxer,Four Centuries of Portuguese Expansion, 1415–1825 (Berkeley ca,1969 reprint of 1961 publication), 42–44. William B. Cohen, The French Encounter with Africans (Bloomington in, 1980), 29–33. 5. William M. Denevan,“Native American Populations in 1492: Recent Research and a Revised Hemispheric Estimate,” in William M. Denevan, ed., The Native Population of the Americas in 1492 (Madison wi, 1992), xxix. Noble David Cook, Born to Die: Disease and New World Conquest, 1492–1650 (New York, 1998). For a trenchant critique of the Indian“numbers game”and an extensive bibliography,see David Henige, Numbers from Nowhere: The American Indian Contact Population Debate (Norman ok, 1998). 6. French West Indian proverb quoted in David B. Davis, The Problem of Slavery in Western Culture (Ithaca ny, 1966), 174. 7. Philip D. Curtin,“Epidemiology and the Slave Trade,” PSQ, LXXXIII (1968), 190–216. Kenneth F. Kiple,The Caribbean Slave: A Biological History (Cambridge,1984),12–50. 8. Quoted in Basil Davidson, The African Slave Trade (Boston, 1961), 59. Curtin, “Epidemiology ,” 215–16; The Atlantic Slave Trade: A Census (Madison wi, 1969), 29–30. B. W. Higman, Slave Population and Economy in Jamaica, 1807–1834 (New York, 1976), 99–138. 9. Sir Arthur Helps, The Spanish Conquest in America and its Relation to Slavery, 4 vols., M. Oppenheim, ed. (London, 1900–1904), III, 149. Pierre Verger, Bahia and the West AfricanTrade,1549–1851 (Ibadan,Nigeria,1964),1. Richard N. Bean,The BritishTransAtlantic Slave Trade, 1650–1775 (New...