And the Witnesses Were Silent: The Confessing Church and the Persecution of the Jews

Contents

contents Preface vii Translator’s Note xi Introduction 1 Part 1: The Defamation of the Jews, 1933–35 9 1. Church Responses to Early Anti-Jewish Measures 12 2. Early Church Statements 20 3. Dietrich Bonhoeffer 25 4. Gutachten and Synodal Resolutions 30 5. The Pastors’ Emergency League 45 6. Ecumenical Developments 49 7. The Aryan Paragraph and the Protestant Press 64 8. Early Confessional Synods 69 Part 2: The Isolation of the Jews, 1935–38 87 9. The Nuremberg Laws 89 10. A Divided Confessing Church 93 11. The Jewish Question after Steglitz 100 12. The Evangelical Church and Its Non-Aryan Members 114 13. Ecumenical Responses 130 Part 3: The ‘‘Elimination’’ of the Jews, 1938–45 139 14. Reactions to the November Pogrom 143 15. Relief Work 154 16. The ‘‘Godesberg Declaration’’ 176 17. The Aryan Certificate for Theologians 186 18. The Final Solution and the End of the Church Struggle 192 Part 4: The Legacy of the Church Struggle, 1945–50 221 19. Confessions of Guilt 223 20. The Confessing Church’s Record under Nazism 230 Notes 237 Glossary 287 Note on Sources 291 Index 295 ...