In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:

Index alternative treatments, 64–71; androgens, 67– 68; phytoestrogens, 66–67, 128–29; SERMs, 64–65, 145–48, 151–53; tibolone, 65–66; for vasomotor symptoms of menopause, 158 Alzheimer disease (AD): gender demographics , 117; preclinical data, 9, 10, 15, 18, 26; statistics, 1–4, 116–17 Alzheimer-related dementia, 16, 34 Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging, 49 ␤-amyloid, 15 Cache County Study, 18, 34, 49 chapters, overview of, 5–7 cholinesterase inhibitors, treatment in women with AD, 63–64 cognitive decline, risk factors for: ovariectomy, 59; surgical menopause, 59 conjugated equine estrogens (CEE): effects on verbal memory test, 10, 35, 58; plus medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), 10, 32–35, 52, 54 Dienogest, 55 estradiol (E2): bolus injection treatment with, 58; effects of, 56, 57; and Ts65D mice, 15 estrogen: and activation of calcium signaling in neurons, 119–22; HT, AD, and, 118–19; mechanisms of effects on cognitive performance , 18–19; as protection against AD, 50–51 estrogen deficiency, risk for AD, 50 estrogen levels, men, 50 estrogen monotherapy, effects on mood: during perimenopause, 104–7; during postmenopause , 104–7 estrogen receptors, 23–24, 27; in cortex, 122; effect on cognition, 148–50; genetics of, 148–50; in hippocampus, 122; SERMs, the central nervous system, and, 151–53 estrogen therapy, effects on: age-related cognitive decline (AD), 15–18; basal forebrain cholinergic neurons, 25–30; brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), 99; CA1 plasticity , 19–20; cholinergic afferents and hippocampal function, 30–31; cognitive function , cognitive performance, 10–15; cortex, 123; cyclic AMP response element binding protein (CREB), 23–25; dendritic spine density , 20, 32; estrogen-mediated effects in the hippocampus, 23–25; GABA, 23–25, 29–30; hippocampus, 19–23, 123; inhibitory postsynaptic currents (IPSCs), 24; long-term potentiation (LTP), 19–20, 24; mood disorders, 96–98; mood during menopause/postmenopause , 102–4; mood during perimenopause , 102–4; N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, 19–21, 24, 31; phosphokinase A (PKA), 23; physiology and behavior , 9; postpartum depression, 100–101; premenstrual dysphoric disorder, 99–100; premenstrual syndrome, 99–100; risk of developing AD, 144–45; risk of developing other dementias, 144–45; spine density, 20, 22–24, 31–32; women genetically at risk for AD, 60–62; women with severe menopausal symptoms, 59–60 estrogen treatments, different types, 55–58 estrone (E1), 57 functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), 79, 85; in healthy aging adults, 86; in healthy premenopausal women, 85; and HT in postmenopausal women, 86–87; and SERMs, 92 gonadal hormone therapy, 9 Heart and Estrogen/Progestin Replacement Study (HERS), 54 hormone therapy (HT): in animal studies, 10–33, 46; assessing risks and benefits, 4; characteristics of women treated with, 58; communicating risks and benefits, 4; history of guidelines, 1–4; implications for future research on, 166; and lifelong exposure to estrogens, 62–63; lifestyle variables, 62–63; positive associations on cognitive function, 48; preventing AD, 125–28; and socioeconomic status, 62–63; studies, characteristics of women treated in, 69–70; use of, in reducing risk for AD, 47; and window of opportunity, 16, 18, 33–34, 37, 58–59 menopause: average age of onset, 9; definition of, 101 mood: during menopause/postmenopause, 102–4; perimenopause, 102–4 mood disorders: and estrogen add-on treatment in perimenopausal women, 107–10; and estrogen add-on treatment in postmenopausal women, 107–10; and relationship with estrogen changes, 99; use of estrogen for, 98–99; use of HT for, 95–111; use of norepinephrine for, 98–99 MRI and estrogen replacement therapy in postmenopausal women, 87–88 NeuroSERMs, development of, for prevention of neurodegenerative disease, 131–32 observational studies and AD, confounds for: healthy-use bias, 48–49; publication bias, 48; recall and prescription bias, 47–48; SES and education, 47–48, 49–50 observational studies, effects on: cholinergic function, 50; dendridic growth, 49–50; education, 49; nerve growth factors, 50 ovariectomy, effects on cognitive function, 59 perimenopause, definition of, 101 positron emission tomography (PET), 79–92; in healthy aging adults, 85; in healthy premenopausal women, 79–85; and pathological aging in postmenopausal women, 88–92 postmenopause, definition of, 101 postpartum depression, 100–101; treatment of, 101–2 Premarin, effects on dementia, 57 premenstrual dysphoric disorder, 99–100 premenstrual syndrome, 99–100 PREPARE, 54 progestagens, effects on estrogen-inducible responses of brain, 124–25 progesterone therapy: clinical implications, 125; effects on cognitive performance, 31–33 raloxifene, 130–31 selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs): and brain function in women, 156–58; and cognition in women, 153–56...

Share