Coolies and Cane: Race, Labor, and Sugar in the Age of Emancipation

Index

Index Abbott, John S. C., 34 abolitionists: on coolie trade, 17, 20–22, 24, 32–33, 36; reporting on emancipation in Caribbean, during Civil War, 63–68 African American laborers: compared with Chinese laborers, 66–67, 84–87, 185, 202–3, 217; compared with white immigrants , 137, 142, 216; desertion of, 135–36, 158, 192, 200–202, 213–14; and desire for multiracial democracy, 108–9, 221–22, 224; gender relations among, 190, 205; legal restrictions on, 77; political activities of, 93–94; racial images of, 66–67, 101, 136, 139–43, 164–68, 216–17; recruitment of, 127–36, 152, 158–59, 198–200, 206, 213–14; relations with Chinese laborers, 185, 204–6; strike during Civil War, 50–54, 60; strike for higher wages, 94, 124, 128, 131, 160, 182–83, 214. See also Chinese laborers; coolies; emancipation; slavery; strike, labor; uprisings; wages; white immigrants Aime, Valcour, 150–51, 177 Alabama: recruitment of African American laborers from, 128; recruitment of Chinese laborers from, 196–98 Alabama and Chattanooga Railroad, 196–97 Algeria, 71 Ames, Oakes, 157 Arkansas River Valley Immigration Company, 99 Ascension Parish, 198–99, 202. See also Donaldsonville, Louisiana Asian American history, framing of, 1, 4–5, 9–10 Badger, A. S., 188 Banks, Nathaniel P., 58, 60, 80 Beauregard, Pierre G. T., 1, 48 Beechert, Edward D., 8 Black, J. S., 26 Black Codes, 77, 80, 86, 96, 174 Bouchereau, Louis, 94, 134, 178, 216, 218 Boutwell, George S., 111–14, 117–18 Boyle, Thomas M., 77 British Empire: abolition of slavery in, 14; American slaveholders’ criticism of, 28–32; coolie trade in, 14–17; defending African “immigration,” 15; regulating coolie trade, 15–17, 26–27, 34–35; sugar consumption in, 46–47. See also British Guiana; Caribbean; coolie trade; Mauritius ; Trinidad; West Indies, British British Guiana: Chinese residents in, 2–3; coolie trade to, 14–15; labor troubles in, 15, 205; plantations in, 16f British West Indies. See West Indies, British Bronson, T. J., 177, 179 Brulé plantation, 207–10, 209f. See also plantations, Louisiana Bryson, Lesley, 20–22 Buchanan, James, 35–36 Bureau of Immigration (Louisiana), 173–76, 217. See also immigration Bureau of Immigration (U.S.), 78–79, 173. See also immigration Page numbers followed by f refer to figures; page numbers followed by m refer to maps. Burlingame Treaty, 111–12. See also China Burnett, Henry C., 33, 36 Burnside, John, 86–87, 125, 157–58, 162, 199–200 Burwell, William M., 165, 179 Butler, Benjamin F., 56–57, 59, 160 Butler, L. L., 158, 192, 194 Caffery, Donelson, 183 California: anti-Chinese movement in, 113; and Asian American history, 5; Chinese laborers in, 75–76; recruitment of Chinese laborers from, 7, 92–98, 111–12, 119–20, 136, 153–63, 155f, 185. See also Chinese laborers; Louisiana Caribbean: coolie trade to, 13–17; criticism of coolies in, 67–68, 74–75, 85–86; defense of coolies in, 63–66; Louisiana’s connections to, 4, 40–44, 76–77; map of, 42m; planters in, 14–18; promoting coolieism, 17–18; reports of emancipation in, during Civil War, 63–68, 73–75. See also British Empire; British Guiana; coolie trade; Cuba; Martinique; Saint Domingue; West Indies, British Carolinas, recruitment of laborers from, 128, 131–32 Casey, James F., 111 Cass, Lewis, 26 Cedar Grove plantation, 189–90. See also plantations, Louisiana Central Pacific Railroad Company, 97 Chan Sing, 192 “A Chapter on the Coolie Trade” (Holden), 68–71, 69f, 70f Charles Auguste (ship), 123–24 Chee Sun, 192 Chicago, Illinois, recruitment of laborers from, 153, 161–62, 177–78 Child, Lydia Maria, 64 China: Burlingame Treaty with, 111–12; map of port cities of, 21m; recruitment of laborers from, 7, 88–89, 95–96, 103–4, 119–27, 153–54; regulating coolie trade in, 26–27. See also Chinese laborers; coolie trade Chinese Emigration Company, 156 Chinese exclusion, 5–7, 11–13, 113, 137, 222. See also naturalization Chinese Exclusion Act (1882), 6–7, 11–12, 38, 218 Chinese labor contractors, 97, 155–56, 159, 186–87, 196–202, 208. See also Chinese laborers; coolies Chinese laborers: from Alabama, 196–97, 198; from California, 7, 153–63, 185, 190; from China, 7, 120–23; compared with African American laborers, 109, 116, 133–34, 157–58, 185, 202–3; compared with white immigrants, 99–100, 114–16, 137–45, 163–75, 216; from Cuba, 3, 46, 81–89, 118, 153; desertion of, 189–90, 193–99; discontent with, 87, 185–97, 186f...