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Index Abas (assistant teacher), 106–7 Abdoellah Ahmad, Haji, 101–2, 101n53 Abdullah, Taufik. See Taufik Abdullah Abdul Latief, 121 Abdul Muis, 113n4, 159 Abdul Rahman, 121 Abdul Rivai, 99 abortion, 50, 58, 67–68, 68n24 Aceh (Sumatra), 3, 20, 26, 94, 127, 151 Adabiyah School (Padang), 99, 101–2, 111, 160 adat (custom), Minangkabau, 5–6; colonial legal system and, 73, 136n78; communism and, 173–75; elite class, 52–57; Imam Bondjol’s compromise with, 27–29; legal codification of, 45–46, 71–75, 75–76n47, 171–72; longhouse designs and, 37, 44–47; orations, 116; persistence of, 171–72, 172n41, 179; revision of, 116–17; shariah as interdependent with, 29, 29n25, 33; shariah vs., 7–8, 7n18, 27–28, 171; titles ( galar), passage of, 61–62; women and, 159, 169–72 adat basandi syarak (Islamic law as basis for custom ), 27–28 Adriyetti Amir, 31n28 adultery, 75n47, 172 afterbirth, mummifying of, 59–61, 63 Agama dan Perempoean (Hamka), 134 Agam people, 37, 37n11 Agam Publishing House (Fort de Kock), 150n47 Agus Salim, Haji, 1, 87–88, 111, 117, 180 Ahmadiyyah, 144, 144n21, 164n25 Ahmad Khatib, 8, 20–21, 158, 171 gAisyiyah, 164–65, 168 Alahan Panjang (Sumatra), 25, 29, 73 Alam Melayu (Malay World), 113 alam Minangkabau, 148, 148n36, 154, 171, 175 alcohol, 173n44 Alfian (historian), 101 Alimah (teacher), 151 Alim, Encik, 162–63 Ali Usman Datuak Buruak, 32n33 “A. M. B. M.” (Tijdschrift letter-writer), 52–54 Ambon, 30 Amrullah, Abdul Karim. See Rasul, Haji Amrullah, Abdul Malik Karim. See Hamka (theologian ) Amrullah, Jusuf, 164, 165 anak Deli (child of Deli), 152–53 anak negeri (child of the state), 142 anarchist groups, 151 Andaya, Leonard, 12 animism, 19, 107 Anti-Sin Laws, 178–79 Anti-Tax Rebellion (1908), 13, 13n29, 57, 143, 156, 157 Arab merchants, 3 arms manufacture, penalties for, 72 Asjraq (women’s journal), 129, 143, 157, 161, 162. See also Soeara Kaoem Iboe Soematera Association of Sumatran Mothers, Grand Meeting of (1929), 162–63, 168 automobiles, 152, 152n54 Ayudhya (Thailand), 11 Azis, Rangkayo Seri Kiam, 162 Azyumardi Azra, 19 balah boeboeëng house form, 52 Balai Pustaka publishing house, 90, 93, 148– 49n39 Balatentara Nafsu (Rasul), 113–14 Bandaharo, Datuk, 25–26 banishment, 62n11 Bareno, Datuk nan, 164, 164n25 Barisan Mountains, 3, 141 202 Index Bastian, Adolf, 32n32 Batak cultures: conversion to Islam, 26; ethnoregional scholarship on, 127; European missionaries and, 41; Minangkabau culture and, 4–5; trade/publishing leaders from, 150n47; trade systems of, 3–4, 3n6 Batavia ( Java), 144 Bataviaasch Genootschap ( journal), 121 Batusangkar (Sumatra), 24 Batu Tebal (Sumatra), 20 Bengkulu, 41, 42, 149 Bickmore, Albert, 50–51, 90n10 Biegman, G. J. F., 98 Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land-, en Volkenkunde ( journal), 122 Bildungsroman, 108 biliak gadang (large chamber), 40, 40n14 biliak kacieh (small chamber), 40n14 Binnenlandsch Bestuur, 128 Bintang Tiong Hoa (newspaper), 101n53 birth control, 68 birth practices, 63 birth records, 62, 62n9 Blackwood, Evelyn, 6 Boas, Franz, 32n32 Bodi (suku), 65 Bodi-Caniago (adat cluster), 65–66 Bodi-Caniago house form, 37n11, 66 Bonjol (Sumatra), 17, 24, 26, 29, 30, 93; Tuanku Imam of (see Imam Bondjol, Tuanku) Bossche, J. F. R. S. van den, 73 Boven Digul (prison camp), 169n36; establishment of, 105n65, 143; pergerakan and, 105, 142, 143, 175; political discourse and, 169 Bowen, John R., 7n18 Boys’ Religious School (Padang Panjang), 141 British colonialism, 177 British East India Company, 41 Buddhism, 19, 119 Bugis people, trade systems of, 3–4 Bukit Barisan mountains, 141 Bukittinggi (Sumatra), 105, 164–65 Bukittinggi Normaalschool, 121 Bukittinggi Sekolah Raja, 72; educational system consolidation and, 94; establishment of, 92; Eurocentric rantau consciousness at, 96–97; facilities at, 96; female students not accepted at, 108; fiftieth anniversary celebrations, 159; first female student at, 94–95; graduates of, 97; Malay-language primers of, 95; native vaccinators trained at, 69, 70, 71 Bundo Kanduang (Minangkabau Ur-mother), 62, 158–59, 158n8 bunian (mythical creature), 106n69 Burma, 11 Buys, Marius, 54, 54n59 cadastral surveys, 67 Caniago (suku), 65, 130n59 Caniago, Naali Sutan. See Naali Sutan Caniago cassia, foreign demand for, 19 Central Sumatra Expedition, 51–52, 54nn59, 61 Chijs, Jacobus Anne van der, 121 Childhood Experiences (Iskandar), 89–91 children: beliefs of, 106–7, 106n69; divorce and custody of, 136, 136n78; inoculation of, 58, 68–71; as paternalistic metaphor, 142–44; schools and, 88 Chinese emigrants, 40n15 Chinese merchants, 3 Chronicle of the Kings of Pasai, 11–12 cinnamon, 90 civil service, 127–28 coeducation, dangers of, 110 coffee: foreign demand for...

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