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adat Custom; and later adatrecht, codified customary law. alam Realm, oikoumene (e.g., Alam Minangkabau, the Minangkabau World). biliak Sleeping chamber in a rumah gadang. controleur Title of the most localized Dutch colonial officials who had the closest dealings with Minangkabau people. datuk Hereditary chief; a Minangkabau adat title, given to some men, usually panghulu and usually after marriage. kampung Village; a complex of houses and fields but not an administration (see also nagari). kaum An ideological group (e.g., Kaum Muda, young group, reformists, modernists; Kaum Tua or Kaum Kuno, old group, traditionalists). kemadjoean (kemajuan) Progress (from maju, to go forward). kweekschool Teachers’ training college (Dutch language). Kweekschool Fort de Kock, also called the Sekolah Radja, was the flagship “native” school in West Sumatra. lapau Coffeehouse. laras The two laras are the Minangkabau cultural traditions of Bodi-Caniago and Koto-Piliang. These were interpreted as political units by the Dutch, and the laras then became administrative divisions. See tuanku laras. luhak Three regional divisions of the darek, the Minangkabau highlands: Agam, Tanah Datar, and Lima Puluh (50) Koto. madrasah Islamic school; usually implies a modernist, regional school (as opposed to a surau). mamak Maternal uncle. merantau See rantau. Glossary Minangkabau Both the principal ethnic group in West Sumatra and the territory it occupies . moderen Modern, a combination of Islamic (often Egyptian) reformist ideas and European fashions. The modernists called themselves the Kaum Muda (young group). nagari Minangkabau village confederacy; the indigenous political unit. panghulu (penghulu) Male village leader. perantau See rantau. pergerakan Movement; various political movements of the 1910s and 1920s (from gerak, to move). rantau Migration, place of migration (merantau, to out-migrate; perantau, one who out-migrates). resident Title of the highest-ranking Dutch colonial official in a particular region. rumah (roemah) house. rumah gadang Minangkabau longhouse. rumah tangga Household (literally “house and ladder”). schoolschriften Nineteenth-century Dutch examination booklets containing Minangkabau texts. Silungkang uprising The communist uprising of December 1926, sparked by civil servants in the town of Silungkang and the Ombilin coal mine. songket Minangkabau cloth with golden weft. suku Matrilineal clan. Sumatra’s Westkust Sumatra’s Westcoast, the colonial administrative unit. surau Village prayerhouse, Islamic school, and boys’ boarding house. syarak Shariah, Islamic law. tambo Traditional historical account of the Alam Minangkabau. tarekat (tariqa) Sufi association. tuanku laras Dutch-created adat title for a native administrative head. Also called kepala laras; in Dutch larashoofd. ulama Scholars learned in Islamic law (sg. alim). Glossary 200 ...

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