The Golden Triangle: Inside Southeast Asia's Drug Trade

Index

Index acetic anhydride, 221 Afghanistan, 1, 9, 53 Ahka, 106, 108, 109, 147 Aicheng, 21, 57, 64, 156 Ailun, 43, 80 amphetamine, 96 amphetamine-type stimulant (ATS). See methamphetamine Anti-Money Laundering Office, 214 Asian Forum for Human Rights and Development, 202 Asian Heroin Task Force, 214, 215 Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEA), 16, 246n7 Aung San, 10, 14 Aung San Suu Kyi, 3, 14, 15, 16, 24, 213, 235 Australian Crime Commission, 86 Baker, Chris, 203 Ball, Desmond, 225 Bangkang, 21, 22, 26, 27–30, 36, 38, 58 Bangkok, 105, 111, 197, 216 Bangsai, 208 Ban Yang, 109, 199 bao (bag), 132–33 Bao Aimen, 22, 37 Bao Huaqiang, 36, 214 Baoshan, 96, 180, 208 Bao Youhua, 36, 139, 214 Bao Youliang, 31, 36, 214 Bao Youxiang, 21, 24, 31, 32, 36, 38, 62, 145, 238; businesses owned by, 29; and the drug trade, 45, 89, 90, 99, 222; indictment of, 26, 214; relationship with Wei Xuegang, 141; words of, 101, 113, 139, 172, 188–89, 190, 223 Bao Youyi, 32–33, 36, 102, 113, 214 Bay of Bengal, 3 Belanger, Francis, 87, 105, 111 Belenko, Steven, 177 Black, David, 87, 122, 228 Bo Laikang, 18 Booth, Martin, 82, 87, 118, 177, 228 Boucaud, Andre, 87, 187 Boucaud, Louis, 87, 187 Bourgois, Philippe, 131, 177 Bresler, Fenton, 118, 228 Brookes, Stephen, 228 Bryant, Robert, 120, 122 buffer state, 3, 235 Bureau of International Narcotics Matters, 53 276 Index detoxification center, 182–83 Dikotter, Frank, 177, 205 Diqing, 96 Dobinson, Ian, 111, 122 Dongcheng, 97 Dong Sheng, 104, 213 drug: and the Burmese government, 225–27; businesspeople, 5; as commodity, 216–17, 218–19; courier, 115; demand, 220; enforcers, 5; and organized crime, 227–31; politics of, 3, 7, 234–39; supply, 220; trade, 45, 206–7, 221, 224. See also heroin; methamphetamine; opium drug control: 2003 drug war, 200–204; in Burma, 194–97; in China, 204–13; in Thailand, 198–200; in the Wa area, 188–93; international cooperation, 212–13; U.S. role, 213–15 Drug Control Bureau, 212 Drug Prevention through Migration. See forced migration drug use: in China, 114, 207; in the Golden Triangle, 185–86; in Thailand, 176. See also heroin use; methamphetamine use; opium use Dubro, James 122, 228 Dupont, Alan, 10, 88, 195, 225 Eads, Brian, 78 Elliott, Patricia, 10 ephedrine, 127, 145, 151, 210, 221 ethnic conflict, 217 Evans, Grant, 112 Fabre, Guilhem, 114, 217 Finckenauer, James, 118, 119, 187 Fink, Christina, 13, 14, 15, 24 Fiskesjo, Nils Magnus Geir, 20 forced migration, 32, 33–34, 193 Foreign Narcotics Kingpin Designation Act, 214 Friedman, Jonathan, 83, 238 Friendship Bridge, 199 Fusan, 103 Fuzhou, 213, 216 gambling, 26, 29, 129 Gaylord, Mark, 118 Gelbard, Robert, 8, 24, 78, 87, 90, 99 general election, 14–15 Gengma, 1 Gibson, Richard, 213, 227, 237 Gittings, John, 231 Burma, 245n1; 1962 coup in, 12–14; antiChinese movement in, 13; armed conflict in, 12, 14; colonization of, 10; economy of, 13, 15; ethnic minorities in, 10; location of, 10 Burman, 3, 10 Burma Socialist Programme Party (BSPP), 12 Burmese Way to Socialism, 12 caffeine, 221 Callahan, Mary, 11, 16 Cangyuan, 1, 208, 254n24 cease-fire agreements, 9, 14, 15, 24, 88, 129, 195, 214 Chalk, Peter, 111 Chang Chi-fu. See Khun Sa Chartchai Suthiklom, 127, 143, 144, 146, 176, 203 Chengdu, 210 Chen Longsheng, 22, 23, 59 Chepesiuk, Ron, 2 Chiang Mai, 216 Chiang Rai, 216 Chin, 10 Chin, Ko-lin, 2, 86, 87, 118, 119, 187, 229, 231, 240 China-Burma border, 4, 111–12 Chinese businessmen: in the drug trade, 2, 43, 46, 83–84, 94–95, 124, 152–53, 230–33; in the Wa area, 27, 192–93 Chiu Chau, 105, 114 Chongqing, 96, 211–12 Chouvy, Pierre-Arnaud, 8, 10, 86, 148, 187 Chu, Yiu-kong, 86, 87, 118, 231 Collignon, Stefan, 13 Colombian drug cartels, 122–23 Communist Party of Burma (CPB), 246n2; collapse of, 9, 14, 23–24, 44, 77, 88–89, 189, 238; insurgency of, 3, 12–13; in the Wa area, 21–23 controlled delivery, 210, 257n26 corrupt exchanges, 2–3, 6, 126, 245n5 Cowell, Adrian, 12, 14, 23 crack cocaine, 131, 186 crop-substitution program, 191 Cultural Revolution, 13, 112, 237 Dai. See Shan Dali, 208, 209 Davis, Anthony, 87, 88, 99, 152, 190, 222 Dehong, 206 Denge, 30, 52, 57, 64, 156 Deng Xiaoping, 238 Index 277 International...