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Index 267¡Abd al-RaÓ hmān III, 2¡Abd al-Razzāq, 91, 100, 217n.6, 217n.54 Abraham, 4, 55, 89 –91, 106 –7, 119, 122, 145, 154 –55, 158, 160, 162, 194n.63, 222n.21 and ittiÓ sāl, 32–34; and waÓ hy, 130 Action, 3, 7, 17, 18, 20, 51–52, 57, 87, 182n.7, 190n.22, 246n.62; attributes of, 16 Active Intellect, 8, 13, 23, 26, 28, 31, 39, 120, 136, 139, 140, 141, 142, 170, 188n.3, 190n.23, 190n.26, 191n.36, 193n.48, 223n.39, 226n.67, 239n.189, 240n.206 Adam, 74, 128, 130, 193n.51; capacity for ittiÓ sāl of, 30 –32, 160, 230n.98 Afterlife, 48–51, 147, 163, 164, 171 Altmann, Alexander, 222n.23¡Amr ilāhı̄ (the Divine), 7, 8, 9, 14, 15, 17, 26, 28, 40, 42, 44, 47–49, 59, 81–86, 121, 132, 142, 148, 176, 186n.32, 192n.41, 192 nn.43–44, 195n.74, 197n.84, 197n.94, 234n.126, 236n.152, 246n.62; received by Abraham, 33–34, 90 –91, 93; Ha-Levi’s definition of, 29 –30; and humility, 53; Shı̄¡ite definition of, 29; at Sinai, 97; suited to Adam’s descendants , 31–32 Anthropomorphism. See Prophecy, and anthropomorphic vision Aristotelian philosophy, 2, 7, 14, 46, 68, 96, 153, 163, 168, 188n.3, 209n.98, 224n.39, 239n.198; syllogism , 57, 90, 99, 153 Asceticism, 6, 7, 17, 45–48, 51–53, 149, 158, 163, 168, 199n.111, 245n.55; and ijtihād, 67, 164; and qiyās , 67, 78–80; as self-centered or arrogant, 52, 58; vs. waÓ hy, 130 al-Ash¡ari, 112 Asmakhta (support), 61–63, 204n.30, 204n.36 Avicenna, 4, 7, 26, 80, 191n.37, 216n.33, 217n.49, 230n.98, 232n.113, 244 nn.38–39, 244n.41; and ittiÓ sāl, 24, 40, 189n.14, 192– 93n.48, 221n.15, 239n.189, 240n.206; and mushāhada, 96, 101, 144; on prophecy, 125, 137–39, 141, 142, 239 nn. 189 –90; quoted in Kuzari, 9, 19, 129, 137–38, 170, 171, 219n.3, 238–39 nn. 179 –83 BaÓ hya ibn Paqūda, 4, 25, 42, 150, 160, 168–69, 189n.19, 206 –7n.74, 211n.124, 221n.18, 242n.8, 248 nn.19 –20, 248n.22; and asceticism, 45, 79, 168; and ittiÓ sāl, 25, 198n.98; and Sufism, 4, 25, 182–83n.11 Baneth, David, 7, 9, 68, 171, 182n.4, 195n.72, 249n.28, 250n.39 BaÓ sı̄ra (vision, insight), 8, 99, 100, 116 –17, 215n.28, 217n.51, 217n.54, 219n.3, 222n.24, 227n.77, 243n.19, 249n.29 Ben-Shammai, Haggai, 9, 122, 125, 230n.100, 232–33n.117–18, 234n.123 Birnbaum, Ellen, 245n.51 Brethren of Purity. See Ikhwān al-Ó safā’ Bulan (Khazar king), 2–3 Cairo Genizah, 2, 4, 9, 181n.2 Chosenness. See Safwa Commandments. See Mitsvot Connection. See IttiÓ sāl Covenant, 4, 22, 34, 37, 47; ittiÓ sāl and mutuality of, 35, 42–44, 146 –47, 154 Davidson, Herbert, 8, 170, 188n.7, 208n.92, 227n.74, 221n.113, 247n.6 Death, 48; and ittiÓ sāl, 51 Demonstration. See Istidlāl Devequt, 42–44, 148, 167, 168, 197– 98n.97, 198n.105, 198–99n.108, 243n.26, 245n.50, 248n.15 Dhawq (taste), 8, 26, 55, 87, 91, 92, 95, 97, 102, 106, 107, 151, 154, 155, 156, 161, 174, 175, 189n.18, 205n.52, 207n.79, 213n.6, 217n.54, 220n.8, 240n.209, 245n.50 Divine, the. See ‘Amr ilāhı̄ Efros, Israel, 8, 184n.21, 213n.6 Election. See Safwa Elisha ben Abuya, 118, 228n.86 Experience, religious, 1, 4, 36, 41, 49 – 50, 52, 73–74, 79, 85, 89, 145, 156, 165, 177, 194n.62; affective dimension of, 119; vs. cognitive knowledge, 23–24, 71, 73–75, 89 –92, 153, 155; directness and immediacy of, 96, 153, 208n.88; in prayer, 148, 150; as proof, 74 –75, 100 –102, 166 Eye, inner, 18, 103, 105, 108, 110, 111, 115, 116, 119, 139, 174 –76, 219 – 20 nn.2–4, 221 nn. 15–16, 224n.39, 224n.47, 240n.200, 249n.31; in HaLevi ’s poetry, 150 al-Fārābı̄, 26, 108–9, 124, 129, 136 – 37, 139, 141, 142, 170, 188n.7, 193n.48, 199n.118, 223n.29, 225– 26n.67, 232n.113, 235n.134, 239n.189, 239n.198, 240n.199 Fenton, Paul...

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