Constructing Boundaries: Jewish and Arab Workers in Mandatory Palestine

Notes

Notes Introduction I. Ya'acov Davidon, There Once Was a Haifa (Haifa: Mai Publication, n.d.) (Hebrew). 2. Quoted by Barnai Ya'acov, Historiography alld Nationalism (Jerusalem: Magnes Publication, 1995), p. 82 (Hebrew). 3. Ibid., 80-83. 4. Anita Shapira, "Politics and Collective Memory: The Debate over the 'New Historians' in Israel," History and Memory 7 (1995):25. 5. Ibid., 25-26. 6. Shlomo Swirsky, "Notes on the Historical Sociology of the Yis/zuv," Mahbarot le-Mehkar ll-le-Bikoret 2 1979:27 (Hebrew). 7. Ehrlich Avishai, "Israel: Conflict, War and Social Change," in C. Creighton and M. Show (eds.), The Sociology ofWar and Peace (Devonshire: Macmillan Press, 1987), pp. 121-142. 8. Ibid., 129. 9. Uri Ram, The Changing Agenda of Israeli Sociology (Albany: SUNY Press, 1995), p. 6; more generally, Ch. 9. 10. Baruch Kimmerling, "The Management of the Jewish-Arab Conflict and Processes of Nation Building in the Mandate Period," Medina, Mimshal veYekhasim Ben-Le'umi'im 9 (1976): 35-55 (Hebrew). II. Baruch Kimmerling, The Economic Interrelationships between the Arab and Jewish Communities in Mandatory Palestine (Cambridge: Center for International Studies, MIT, 1979); Kimmerling, Zionism and Territory: The Socioterritorial Dimensions of Zionist Politics (Berkeley: Institute of International Studies, University of California, 1983); Kimmerling, The Israeli State and Society, Boundaries and Frontiers (Albany: SUNY Press, 1989). 12. Gershon Shafir, Land, Labor and the Origins of the Israeli-Palestiniall Conflict, 1882-1914 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989). 13. Michael Shalev, Labour and the Political Economy in Israel (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1992). 14. See Uri Ram, "Memory and Identity: The Sociology of the Historians' Controversy in Israel," Te'oria u-Bikoret 8 (1996): 9-32 (Hebrew) as a presentation of the "post-Zionist" perspective, and Jacob Katz, "History and 222 NOTES Historians, New as Well as Old," Alpayim 12 (1996): 9-34 (Hebrew), Anita Shapira, "Politics and Collective Memory," as thoughtful, rather than above all polemical, replies. 15. One of the first and most controversial studies that called accepted notions and longtime taboos into question was Benny Morris's study of the origins of the Palestinian refugees during the 1948 war; see Benny Morris, The Birth of the Palestinian Refllgee Problem, 1947-1949 (Tel Aviv: Am Oved, 1991), pp. 65-71 (Hebrew). To mention only a number of important studies that have developed ideas put forward in the above controversy, in addition to Kimmerling, Shafir, and Shalev mentioned above, see Lev Luis Grinberg, "The Strike of the Jewish-Arab Drivers' Organization, 1931, A Contribution to the Critique of the Sociology of the National Conflict in Eretz Israel/Palestine," in Han Pappe (ed.), Jewish-Arab Relatio11s in Mandatory Palestine (Givat Haviva: Institute for Peace Studies, 1995), pp. 157-78 (Hebrew); Gershon Shafir, "Israel Society: A Counterview," Israel Studies 1 (1996): 189-213; Oren Yiftachel, "Power Disparities in the Planning of a Mixed Region: Arabs and Jews in the Galilee, Israel," Urban Studies 30 (1993):157-82; Juval Portugali, Implicate Relatiol1s, Society and Space in the Israeli Palestinimz Conflict (Tel Aviv: Hakibbutz Hameuchad, 1996) (Hebrew). A number of journals devoted much room, during the years 1994 to 1997, to articles concerning the new trends in Israeli historiography, among these Israel Studies, Te'oria ll-Bikoret (Hebrew), Zmanim (Hebrew) Alpayim (Hebrew), and History alld Memory. 16. For a recent article by a leading Israeli sociologist, which, I would contend, is primarily a polemical reprisal, see-Eliezer Ben-Rafael, "Critical Versus Non-critical Sociology: An Evaluation," Israel Studies 2 (1997):174-93, and his is not the only one. Much of the public debate took place in the daily press, replete with name calling and labeling. 17. Zachary Lockman, COlllrades alld Enemies, Arab and Jewish Workers in Palestille , 1906-1948 (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1996). I would also note a more specific study by Lev Grinberg of a joint Arab and Jewish strike, the "Drivers' Strike" of 1931, mentioned above. See Grinberg, "The Strike of the Jewish-Arab Drivers' Organization, 1931," in Pappe (ed.), Jewish-Arab Relations in Mandatory Palestine. 18. Beshara Doumani, "Rediscovering Ottoman Palestine: Writing Palestinians into History," Journal ofPalestine Studies 21 (1992):22. 19. Edna Bonacich, "A Theory of Ethnic Antagonism: The Split Labor Market ," American Sociological Rel'iew 37 (1972):547-59; Bonacich, "The Past, Present and Future of Split Labor Market Theory," Research in Race and Ethnic Relations 1 (1979):17-64; Bonacich, "Class Approaches to Ethnicity and Race," Insurgent Sociologist 1 (1980): 9-75. 20. Bonacich, "Class Approaches," 65. 21. Bonacich, "Past and Present,"35...