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Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, 65 adaptation, 3, 27, 29, 31n. 4, 37, 38–39, 45, 65, 66, 77, 78, 81, 91, 99, 103, 108, 109, 110, 112, 114n. 2, 127–28, 204, 205, 209, 257, 274, 275, 277, 279, 285, 290, 298, 310, 311, 312, 313. See also translation Adler, Alfred, 193 Adorno, Theodor, 70, 71 Aeneid, The (book), 47, 48 Alexander Romance, The (book), 77, 78 Allen, Jeanne Thomas, 115n. 12, 120n. 36 Allen, Robert C., 122n. 42 Allen, Woody, 49 Altman, Rick, 57, 145n. 16 Amadís of Gaul (book), 77 American culture, 177; American myth, 6, 7, 8; frontier myth, 7, 9, 10; individualism vs. community, 6, 10; outlaw/loner hero, 15 American film industry: colonization, 15–16, 55, 56–57, 282 (see also empire, theories of); commercialism, 3, 6, 66, 73, 78; cultural poverty of, 283; decentralization of production, 151; economic terrorism, 8, 64, 282; emphasis on the individual, 164; escapist film production, 73–74; folkloric narrative, 70–71; imperialism, 6, 13, 14, 25, 28, 56, 283 (see also empire, theories of, independent production, 151); industry practices, 73, 129, 173–74, 176, 281–82, 284; production quotas, 171; “seamless” style, 8, 9–12, 13–14, 24, 171, 175, 194, 197n. 7. See also Classic Hollywood film American Mutoscope & Biogragh Co. v. Edison Mfg. Co. (1905). See Biograph v. Edison American Vitagraph Company. See Vitagraph Amet, Edward Hill, 116n. 13 Amiel, Jon, 7 Amphitryon, stories of, 59n. 1 Amphitryon 38 (play), 59n. 1 N A M E A N D S U B J E C T I N D E X 353 Andrew, Dudley, 134, 146n. 17, 279, 298–99 Andrews, Dana, 146n. 24, 191 animation, 5 anti-Semitism, 100, 207 Apollinaire, Guillaume, Calligrammes (book), 211 appropriation, 275, 279–80; communal vs. postcapitalist, 69–70, 76; and reinscription, 77, 79–80, 83 Arabian Nights, The (book), 5 Arbogast, Thiery, 304n. 5 Arden, Eve, 194 Ardolino, Emile, 258–61, 262, 263, 264–66 Armes, Roy, 144n. 8, 220n. 8 Armstrong, Gillian, 38 Arnaud, Georges, 54 Arnold, Jack, 238n. 5 art, 172–73, 176–77, 281; classic, and the concept of repetition/ resemblance, 172, 176; modern, and the concept of originality, 173; relation to Classic Hollywood film, 172–73, 195 art cinema, 22, 29, 33n. 15, 56, 64, 73, 151; vs. commercial cinema, 3, 16, 17–18, 19, 20, 26, 67–68, 281; highbrow vs. lowbrow, 16, 29. See also audience Atreus, house of, 59n. 1 audience, 16, 18–19, 22, 24, 29, 40, 43–44, 46, 47, 50, 68, 289, 333; American, as passive, 24; American, seeking happy ending, 57; art-house, 73, 74–75, 173, 175, 196n. 3; entertainment seeking (vs. high culture), 19, 67–68; for literature, 46–47; for remakes, 40–42, 43, 178; for sequels, 41; fragmented postwar (Ray), 16, 17, 23, 170–71, 189, 196n. 3; male spectator, 178 Aufderheide, Patricia, 26, 280 Autant-Lara, Claude, 153 auteur filmmakers and theory, 17–18, 21–22, 27, 64, 135, 153, 175, 277, 290, 303 “autoremake.” See remakes Ayres, Lew, 186 Bacon, Lloyd, 121n. 39 Badham, John, 7, 29, 33n. 20, 273, 290 Balio, Tino, 31n. 3, 197n. 10, 198n. 12 Balshofer, Fred, 117n. 22, 122n. 40 Banner, Lois, 185 Bannet, Eve Tavor, 279, 302 Bardèche, Maurice, 164 Baroncelli, Jacques de, 152 Barthes, Roland, 230 Basinger, Jeanine, 196n. 5 Batman (comic book series), 274 Baudelaire, Charles, 68 Baudrillard, Jean, 213, 227 Bazin, André, 8–9, 10, 11–12, 18–19, 20, 21, 22, 24, 134, 280, 298 Beach, Rex, 65 Beaumont, Harry, 196n. 5 Becker, Lucille Frackman, 219n. 5 Belasco, David, 122n. 44 Ben Hur (book), 108, 109, 110 Benjamin, Walter, 66–67, 278, 279, 298 Bennett, Constance, 196n. 5 Bennett, Joan, 128, 142 Berger, Ludwig, 5 Bergman, Ingmar, 49 Bergstrom, Janet, 304n. 5 Berkeley, Busby, 73 Bernard, Emile, 310, 313 Bernhardt, Curtis, 4, 32n. 11, 152, 160, 169, 178, 310, 314, 315, 317, 319, 335 354 DEAD RINGERS [3.142.171.180] Project MUSE (2024-04-19 10:51 GMT) Bernstein, Matthew, 144nn. 5, 6 Berry, John, 9, 218n. 3 Besson, Luc, 273, 282, 288, 304n. 5 Biograph Company, 89, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 99, 100, 101, 103, 104, 107, 111, 117nn. 19, 21, 119n. 28, 122nn. 41, 42, 45; biograph (camera), 90 Biograph v. Edison (1905), 93, 94, 99, 101, 103, 108, 110, 111, 112, 113n. 1, 115n. 6, 119nn. 28, 30, 32, 121n. 37, 122n. 42 Biskind, Peter, 176, 188, 197n. 9 Bison Pictures, 122n...

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